1-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)-3-[4-(苯基偶氮)苯基]-三氮烯-阴离子表面活性剂-季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂显色反应及其应用

在三乙醇胺介质中,新试剂1-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)-3-[4-(苯基偶氮)苯基]-三氮烯(HDNPAPT)与季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂及阴离子表面活性剂(AS)反应显色,形成三元络合物.研究了显色体系的条件实验,建立了测定阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBOSO_3Na)、十二烷基磺酸钠(DOSO_3Na)和十二烷基硫酸钠(DSO_4Na)的方法,表观摩尔吸光系数均达10~4以上.方法已应用于环境水样中阴离子表面活性剂的测定.     

(S)-2-吡咯烷-α,α-二苯基甲醇光度法测定茶水中的铁

研究了在酸性介质中,用CTAC作为表面活性剂,(S)-N-苄基-2-吡咯烷α,α-二苯基甲醇与铁(Ⅲ)络合反应的条件及络合物的组成,建立了测定铁的新方法,拓宽了(S)-脯氨醇衍生物的应用.测定的络合比为1:1,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.59×103 L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为0～1.0×10-3 mol/L.将所建立的紫外先度法用于茶水中铁的测定,结果令人满意.     

新试剂4,4′-(2-氯-4-硝基重氮氨基)联苯与氯化十六烷基吡啶显色反应的研究

研究了4,4′-(2-氯-4-硝基重氮氨基)联苯与阳离子表面活性剂氯化十六烷基吡啶发生显色反应,提出了光度法测定氯化十六烷基吡啶的新方法。实验结果表明,在碱性介质中,4,4′-(2-氯-4-硝基重氮氨基)联苯与氯化十六烷基吡啶形成1∶2紫红色离子缔合物,最大吸收波长位于570 nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.16×104L·mol-1.cm-1。表面活性剂的浓度在0～3.0×10-5mol/L范围内符合比耳定律。方法可直接应用于合成水样中阳离子表面活性剂的测定。     

新试剂1-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)-3-[4-(苯基偶氮)苯基]-三氮烯的合成及与季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的显色反应

合成了新试剂1-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)-3-[4(苯基偶氮)苯基]-三氮烯(HDNPAPT),研究了该试剂在NaOH介质中与阳离子表面活性剂漠化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)、溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)、溴化十二烷基二苄铰(DDMBAB)形成1:3的紫红色离子缔合物显色体系.测定了显色体系表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度、表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(max)、符合比尔定律的范围.探讨了微量阳离子表面活性剂CMTAB、CPB和DDMBAB的测定方法,结果满意.     

新显色剂1-偶氮苯-3-(5-氰基-2-吡啶)-三氮烯的合成及其与镉的显色反应

报道了新显色剂1-偶氮苯-3-(5-氰基-2-吡啶)-三氮烯的合成及其与镉的显色反应。在表面活性剂OP存在下,pH 11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中,该试剂与镉发生显色反应,生成4∶1型的红色配合物。配合物的最大吸收峰位于525 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.02×105L.mol-1.cm-1。Cd2+的线性范围为1~0.6μg/mL。用拟定方法测定废水中微量镉,结果令人满意。     

胶束增敏 2,3,7-三羟基-9-[3,5-二溴-4-(2,5-二羟基)苯偶氮]苯基荧光酮与锆(Ⅳ)显色反应的研究

系统研究了在混合表面活性剂 CTMAB-Tween-80 存在下,新显色剂 2,3,7-三羟基-9-[3,5-二溴-4-(2,5-二羟基)苯偶氮]苯基荧光酮(DBAPPF) 与 Zr(Ⅳ)的显色反应及其光度性质并讨论了混合表面活性剂对显色反应的增敏机理.在浓度为 0.4mol/L 的 HCl 介质中,新试剂与 Zr(Ⅳ)和表面活性剂形成胶束络合物,混合表面活性剂有较强的增敏作用,络合物最大吸收波长为 539 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1.55×105 L·mol-1·cm-1.锆(Ⅳ)的质量浓度在 0～0.32 mg/L 范围内服从比尔定律.方法已用于铝合金中微量锆的测定.     

光度法测定奶粉中铁

1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)是用作金属指示剂和显色剂的常用试剂。由于其水溶性较差,在检测过程中常加入有机溶剂或表面活性剂[1-3]。本文采用非离子表面活性剂OP作增溶剂,研究了铁(Ⅱ)与PAN的显色条件,在760 nm测定波长附近试剂及大多数金属离子的配合物无吸收,无须进行掩蔽可直接测定微量铁。该方法选择性高,操作简便,快速,用于奶粉中铁的测定,铁(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0~60μg/25 mL范围内符合比耳定律,配合物的表观摩尔吸光率为1.5×104L·mol-1·cm-1。1试验部分1.1仪器与试剂721型分光光度计;pHS-3C型pH计。铁(Ⅱ)标准溶液:10 mg·L-…     

1-偶氮苯-3-(3-硝基-5-氯-2-吡啶)-三氮烯的合成及其与汞的显色反应

合成了显色剂1-偶氮苯-3-(3-硝基-5-氯-2-吡啶)-三氮烯(ABNCPyT),并用元素分析法和红外光谱法对其分子结构作了鉴定.研究了ABNCPyT与汞的显色反应,在pH 10.5的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中和聚氧乙烯烷基酚(Triton X-100)表面活性剂存在下,试剂与汞(Ⅱ)生成4:1型红色配合物.配合物的最大吸收峰位于525 nm,表现摩尔吸光率为1.92×105L·mol-1·cm-1.汞(Ⅱ)质量浓度在600 靏稬-1以内符合比耳定律.用拟定方法测定废水中微量汞,所得结果与原子吸收光谱法的结果一致,测得其相对标准偏差(n=5)≤2.5%,方法的回收率在97.5%～103.0%.     

1-偶氮苯-3-(5-氰基-2-吡啶)-三氮烯的合成及其与铜的显色反应

报道了新显色剂1-偶氮苯-3-(5-氰基-2-吡啶)-三氮烯的合成及其与铜的显色反应.在表面活性剂NP-10存在下,pH11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中,该试剂与铜发生显色反应,生成31型的红色配合物,配合物的最大吸收峰位于535mm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.43×105L·mol-1·cm-1.Cu2+质量浓度在0～480μg/L范围内符合比尔定律.用拟定方法测定合金中微量铜,结果令人满意.     

1-偶氮苯-3-(5,6-二甲基-1,2,4-三氮唑)-三氮烯与镉的显色反应及其应用

报道了新显色剂1-偶氮苯-3-(5,6-二甲基-1,2,4-三氮唑)-三氮烯(ABDMTT)的合成及其与镉的显色反应。在OP表面活性剂存在下,pH 11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中,该试剂能与镉生成2∶1型的红色配合物。配合物的最大吸收峰位于525 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.04×105L.mol-1.cm-1。镉的质量浓度在0~0.60 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律。用拟定方法测定废水中微量镉,结果满意。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -