多谱线耦合系统辐射束缚问题的理论处理

提出一种处理多荧光谱线耦合系统辐射束缚问题的理论方法．这里的耦合包括激发态间的碰撞传能和当谱线重叠时对荧光的交叉吸收．首先将描述辐射束缚的Ｈｏｌｓｔｅｉｎ方程扩展为适用于描述多个激发能级且包括交叉耦合项的微分积分方程组，并将其纳入矢量、矩阵的形式．然后直接通过算符运算求解，给出按算符展开的级数解式．最后对级数解进行约化，导出一个只用有限项便可对系统行为进行完整描述的、远较简单截断近似优越的结果．还给出了一个双激发能级系统的计算实例     

高荧光及强背景噪声情况下表面增强拉曼散射光谱提取方法研究

试提出一种高荧光及强背景噪声情况下表面增强拉曼散射光谱的提取方法。该方法从分析荧光谱及背景噪声信号的组成入手,构建相应模型对荧光谱及噪声信号进行估计,通过比较估计结果与实际数据的差别识别谱峰信号,并定位谱峰的基底位置。通过在若丹明6G、前列腺特异抗原测量及pH值传感实验中的实际应用检验可知,该方法可提高表面增强拉曼散射光谱信号的分辩率和测量准确度,在微量物质鉴别及物质含量定量测量方面有较好的应用前景。     

二价钐离子谱线的非均匀加宽、荧光窄化和永久性光谱烧孔

基于光谱烧孔在高密度光存储中的可能应用,研究了谱线非均匀加宽、荧光谱线窄化、高温永久性光谱烧孔、烧孔机理、烧孔动力学过程和光谱孔的热稳定性。在国际上率先设计并研制出二价钐离子掺杂碱土金属氟卤化物混晶高温光谱烧孔体系,实现了室温永久性光谱烧孔,获得了室温寿命300h的光谱孔。利用时间分辨光谱分离出非均匀线形内的各局域组态,比较烧孔前后光谱再分布证实了三价钐离子的电子陷阱作用。利用Block理论分析了烧孔动力学过程。     

鲱精DNA纤维水合状态的振动谱特征

利用拉曼散射光谱测试技术，对不同温度处理后获得的各种相对湿度下的鲱精ＤＮＡ纤维进行脱氧核苷Ｃ—Ｈ振动与结合水Ｏ—Ｈ振动行为分析，以揭示其中结合水的数量特征。结果表明，运用２５９２６×Ｉ２９６４／Ｉ３０２４新指标所获数据与文献报道的小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ水合状态拉曼数据不同，但与小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ、鲑精ＤＮＡ的红外、Ｘ射线衍射、重量分析及差示扫描量热分析所得数据相吻合，证明拉曼分析公式的修订是成功的。鲱精ＤＮＡ纤维应与上述二种ＤＮＡ纤维具有同样的水合状态，每核苷酸对含有９～１４个结合水分子。     

掺Perylene的PVK薄膜荧光谱及发光机理

用高荧光效率的有机染料芘(perylene)掺杂聚乙烯咔唑(PVK),其荧光光谱与芘的发射光谱基本一致,而且亮度比纯芘发光提高十多倍,说明发光主要来自芘分子,并在PVK和perylene之间存在十分有效的能量传递或电荷转移过程,荧光谱强度随掺杂浓度的变化关系说明存在一个最佳的掺杂浓度比.分析PVK和perylene之间可能发生的能量转移过程,认为从PVK到perylene这种能量转移与实验不符;分析PVK和perylene薄膜的光致发光过程,认为从(PVK+)→(perylene+)和从(PVK-)→(p     

掺杂PVK薄膜的荧光谱及电荷转移

根据PVK掺杂后荧光谱的变化，说明掺杂PVK薄膜的电致发光存在着从基质分子向掺杂分子的能量传递，用一个由单链模型扩展到包括杂质的哈密顿量进行数值求解，结果表明：在PVK和杂质分子之间有效的能量传递是源于它僮之间的电荷转移，且随着杂质浓度的变化，其荧光谱峰位的移动与掺杂前后系统总能量的改变及荧光谱强度与掺杂后转移的电荷数之间分别存在对应关系。该模型较好地解释了有关的实验结果。     

InGaN/GaN多量子阱热退火的拉曼光谱和荧光光谱

通过拉曼光谱及荧光光谱测量研究了采用低压金属有机化学沉积(MOCVD)方法生长的InGaN／GaN多量子阱高温快速热退火处理对量子阱光学性质的影响。观测到退火后InGaN／GaN量子阱的拉曼光谱E2,A1(LO)模式的峰位置出现了红移,而且该振动峰的半高宽也有微小变化。温度升高退火效果更明显。退火使量子阱内应力部分消除,同时In,Ga原子扩散出现相分离使拉曼谱表现出变化。在常温和低温下的光荧光谱表明,退火处理的量子阱发光主峰都出现了红移;而且低温退火出现红移,退火温度升高相对低温退火出现蓝移;同时在低温荧光光谱里看到经过退火处理后原发光峰中主峰旁边弱的峰消失了。讨论了退火对多量子阱光学性质的影响。     

GdOBr:Eu荧光谱的高压研究

本文在室温下测量了GdOBr:Eu的常压和高压荧光谱,光谱范围在13000～21500cm-1之间,压力至12GPa.常压下,清晰可辨的荧光谱线共有43条,这些谱线由Eu3+4f6组态内5D0-2至7F0-5的跃迁产生。由荧光谱线得到26个晶场能级(Stark能级).谱线绝大部分随压力红移,少数几条谱线随压力先蓝移后红移。所有谱线的强度随压力升高而减弱。7F0-5的能级随压力的变化规律比较复杂,而5D0-5各能级均随压力的升高几乎线性地降低。     

荧光谱线分布对共焦荧光显微镜分辨率的影响

研究了荧光谱线分布对共焦荧光显微镜中分辨率的影响,导出了荧光谱线分布的荧光功率传输函数、三维脉冲响应函数.数值计算了荧光谱线均匀分布的情况,结果表明：与采用单一中心荧光波长的分辨率比较,共焦荧光显微镜的横向分辨率、纵向分辨率随着荧光谱线范围和色散的增大而下降;谱线响应范围小的探测器有利于分辨率.     

染料掺杂聚合物光纤的荧光及其光谱下转换性质

为了拓展染料掺杂聚合物光纤的应用范围,利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)单体合成了掺有Coumarin540和Rhodamine 6G两种激光染料的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)聚合物玻璃棒,并将其拉制成直径约1 000μm的聚合物光纤。以市售LED灯为光源,在侧向照明和前端照明两种条件下分别研究了染料掺杂的聚合物光纤中染料的荧光、荧光传输损耗以及光纤的光谱下转换等性质。两种染料的Stokes波长红移幅度分别达到70 nm和50 nm。在掺杂浓度分别为0.01 mg/g和0.04 mg/g时,侧向照明条件下测得两种光纤分别对520nm和577 nm的荧光的传输损耗为0.336 cm-1和0.343 cm-1。在前端照明条件下,在光纤输出端获得了较高下转换效率的光谱输出,其转换效率与染料掺杂浓度和光纤长度有关。这种染料掺杂的聚合物光纤有可能与石英玻璃光纤耦合,对其所传输的光进行光谱下转换的光频调控以更好地满足不同的应用需求。     

Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy Study on the Photophysical Behavior of Quantum Dots

Room-temperature time-resolved luminescence measurements on single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) are presented. Fluorescence emission spectra were recorded over periods of up to 30 minutes with a time resolution as small as 6 ms. For QDs in ambient air, a clear 30–40 nm blue shift in the emission wavelength is observed, before the luminescence stops after about 2–3 minutes because of photobleaching. In a nitrogen atmosphere, the blue shift is absent while photobleaching occurs after much longer times (i.e., 10–15 minutes). These observations are explained by photoinduced oxidation. The CdSe surface is oxidized during illumination in the presence of oxygen. This effectively results in shrinkage of the CdSe core diameter by almost 1 nm and consequently in a blue shift. The faster fading of the luminescence in air suggests that photoinduced oxidation results in the formation of non-radiative recombination centers at the CdSe/CdSeO_x interface. In a nitrogen atmosphere, photoinduced oxidation is prevented by the absence of oxygen. Additionally, a higher initial light output for CdSe/ZnS QDs in air is observed. This can be explained by a fast reduction of the lifetime of the long-lived defect states of CdSe QDs by oxygen.     

Thermal Behavior of the Fluorescence Lines of Ho3+ in Cr,Tm,Ho:YAG

The fluorescence spectra of Cr,Tm,Ho∶YAG crystal have been detected at the temperature from 65 to 295 K with interval of 10 K.The width and the shift of Ho3+ lines at 4959.6 cm-1 (at 65 K) have been investigated and interpreted in terms of the interactions between lattice vibration (phonons) and ions.The results showed that the line broadening with the temperature was mainly due to the Raman scattering of phonons,and the line shift with temperature was mainly due to the emission and absorption of virtual phonons.     

同步荧光光谱技术研究胶原基表面活性剂溶液中分子的聚集行为

基于胶原基表面活性剂(collagen-based surfactant,CBS)中酪氨酸(Tyr)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)的荧光特性,应用恒波长差(Δλ)为15 nm的同步荧光光谱技术研究CBS浓度、溶液pH值、NaCl浓度和温度对其在水溶液中分子的聚集行为的影响,并以温度为外扰,利用二维同步荧光相关分析研究CBS分子中Tyr残基和Phe残基随温度变化的响应顺序。结果表明,CBS分子在261和282 nm处出现了分别归属于Phe和Tyr的特征吸收峰。随着CBS浓度的升高,CBS分子中Phe残基和Tyr残基数量逐渐增多使CBS分子聚集程度增加,并导致荧光强度增强;CBS溶液pH值(pH 5.0)在等电点附近时,由于CBS分子的疏水作用和氢键形成能力加强,导致CBS分子聚集程度增强;CBS溶液中NaCl浓度的升高,则使CBS分子间排斥力减弱,从而导致CBS分子的聚集;然而温度升高,CBS由聚集状态逐渐变为单分子状态,因猝灭、变性以及氢键形成能力降低,荧光强度逐渐降低。以温度为外扰的二维同步荧光相关光谱分析可知：低温下(10～40 ℃ ),CBS聚集体随温度升高逐渐松散,位于聚集体内部的Phe残基比Tyr残基优先响应;而在45～70 ℃时,CBS由单分子状态逐步水解为无规卷曲构造,Tyr残基的间距变大,氢键形成能力大大降低,Tyr残基比Phe残基优先响应。     

硝基羟乙唑与溶菌酶反应机制的荧光光谱研究

分别在298,310,318 K温度下,利用荧光光谱法研究了pH=7.40生理条件下硝基羟乙唑(TRI)与溶菌酶(LYSO)的相互作用机理。结果表明,TRI与LYSO间通过静态猝灭方式相互作用。测定了LYSO与TRI反应的结合常数、结合位点数。利用反应过程的热力学参数,确定了LYSO-TRI体系的作用力类型;由Hill系数得出了LYSO或TRI的协同性;根据非辐射能量转移理论,确定了TRI到LYSO的结合距离,同时采用同步光谱法考察了TRI对LYSO构象的影响。     

盐酸吡格列酮与BSA反应机理的荧光猝灭法、同步荧光法比较研究

利用荧光猝灭法和同步荧光法进行了盐酸吡格列酮(PGH)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间反应机理的比较研究.结果表明:两种方法在研究PGH-BSA体系的猝灭类型、结合常数、结合位置、作用力类型、协同性及能量转移距离等方面,得到了相同的结果,表明同步荧光光谱法可以用于药物与蛋白反应机理的研究.     

The investigation of single bacteria by means of fluorescence staining and Raman spectroscopy

The successful combination of Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence labelling of single bacterial cells is presented. The results show that the selected dyes (DAPI, SYTO 9, CFDA, SYTOX blue and PI) in most cases do not influence the Raman spectrum of a labelled bacterium significantly compared to an unstained bacterium spectrum. The labelling of bacteria offers the possibility of live/dead or biotic/abiotic differentiation prior to a Raman identification step. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal Behavior of the Fluorescence Lines of Ho3+ in Cr,Tm,Ho:YAG

The fluorescence spectra of Cr,Tm,Ho:YAG crystal have been detected at the temperature from 65 to 295 K with interval of 10 K. The width and the shift of Ho3+ lines at 4959.6 cm-1 (at 65 K) have been investigated and interpreted in terms of the interactions between lattice vibration (phonons) and ions. The results showed that the line broadening with the temperature was mainly due to the Raman scattering of phonons,and the line shift with temperature was mainly due to the emission and absorption of virtual phonons.     

Steady-State and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Polarization Behavior of Acenaphthene

Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence polarization studies have been carried out on acenaphthene (ACE) in low-temperature glass solutions and at room temperature. In the low-temperature glass the fluorescence polarization values vary considerably with both emission and excitation wavelength. There is a time dependence (on the nanosecond time scale) of the fluorescence anisotropy, r(t), at 77 K, which has a strong dependence upon the excitation and emission wavelengths. Under these conditions, the time-dependent decay of the anisotropy is not attributable to chromophoric motion. The observations are consistent with emission from two closely lying and interconverting excited states. Rate constants for the photophysical processes involved have been determined by fitting the data using a model proposed by Fleming et. al. The results are discussed with particular reference to the care required in using dynamic fluorescence polarization measurements to determine energy transfer rates in systems containing this chromophore.