基于布居振荡效应实现掺铥光纤中光波群速度减慢传输

从稳态条件下铥离子光纤的速率方程出发,得到掺铥光纤中光速减慢传输的时间延迟和相对调制衰减的数值解析表达式,利用数值求解法分别模拟计算了在大功率信号和小功率信号条件下的光速减慢传输。相对于小功率信号,大功率信号情况下的相对时延、时间延迟和群折射率都比较大,同时最大相对时延也向高频率处移动。     

大芯径紫外石英光纤γ射线辐照效应研究

阐述了三种不同芯径的紫外石英光纤的稳态γ射线辐照效应,对比研究了其发光特性、光谱衰减以及光谱展宽。设计了基于钴-60源的大芯径紫外石英光纤稳态γ射线辐照效应实验,对三种芯径(200μm,400μm和600μm)的光纤进行了研究。实验表明,大芯径紫外石英光纤在稳态γ射线辐照下存在稳定的发光现象,并对其光谱衰减有补偿作用,其光谱展宽效应不明显。     

石英光纤受γ射线辐照实验

阐述了有机包层和石英包层的石英光纤受辐照的结果,从实验中我们发现低剂量的辐照使光纤的透过率有所上升,简单地分析了其机理,同时阐述了其他中高剂量的光纤辐照结果,得到了一些有益的结论。     

高能量全光纤2 μm掺铥脉冲光纤激光器

基于增益开关技术获得了稳定的高能量全光纤结构2 m脉冲光纤激光器,脉冲重复频率在10~50 kHz之间可调,输出激光中心波长为1958 nm,输出脉冲宽度随着泵浦功率的增加不断减小,其变化范围为1.2~1.7 s。采用两级掺铥光纤放大器对种子激光进行放大,当脉冲重复频率为10 kHz时,获得了5.18 W的输出平均功率,输出脉冲宽度为1.6 s,单脉冲能量为0.518 mJ。     

高能量全光纤2 μm掺铥脉冲光纤激光器

基于增益开关技术获得了稳定的高能量全光纤结构2 m脉冲光纤激光器,脉冲重复频率在10~50 kHz之间可调,输出激光中心波长为1958 nm,输出脉冲宽度随着泵浦功率的增加不断减小,其变化范围为1.2~1.7 s。采用两级掺铥光纤放大器对种子激光进行放大,当脉冲重复频率为10 kHz时,获得了5.18 W的输出平均功率,输出脉冲宽度为1.6 s,单脉冲能量为0.518 mJ。     

基于光栅反馈技术的掺铥光纤随机激光器

提出一种基于光栅反馈技术的掺铥光纤随机激光器。激光器采用半开腔设计,封闭端采用中心波长为1 940 nm的高反射率光纤光栅为激光器系统提供强反馈,增益介质采用1.5 m长的掺铥光纤,泵浦源采用793 nm半导体激光器,开放端采用光纤随机光栅提供随机分布反馈。该光纤随机光栅由飞秒激光逐点刻写技术制备,在10 cm单模光纤上刻写超过6 000个间距随机分布的折射率畸变点,以增强光纤的后向瑞利散射效应。实验测得中心波长为1 940 nm的随机激光输出,其泵浦阈值为2.33 W,在3.8 W泵浦功率下的输出功率为57 mW,光信噪比达56 dB。输出激光在1 h内的波长偏移量小于0.1 nm,功率变化约0.26 dB,具有良好的稳定性。     

高功率掺铥光纤激光器及其在生物组织切割中的应用

搭建了一个连续波高功率掺铥光纤激光器,并进行了生物组织切割研究。利用自制光纤光栅搭建了线形腔掺铥光纤激光种子源,种子源输出波长为1941.10nm,光信噪比为75dB,50min内的波长抖动和功率抖动分别小于0.04nm和0.265dB,斜率效率和最大输出功率分别为5.6%和186mW。基于主振荡功率放大结构,分别搭建了前置光放大器和主光放大器,两放大器的斜率效率分别为14.3%和35.86%,经过两级放大后得到21.9W的激光输出。利用经光束整形后的激光光束进行了生物组织切割实验。设计了多组实验观察该激光器在不同功率和移动速度情况下,切割深度的变化情况。实验表明该掺铥光纤激光器具有良好的切割作用,在生物医学领域具有应用潜力。     

全光纤高功率被动锁模掺铥光纤激光器

利用非线性光环形镜（NOLM）的可饱和吸收特性实现了可自启动的2 m全光纤高能量被动锁模掺铥光纤激光器。当泵浦功率大于3 W时,激光器工作在连续或不稳定脉冲运转状态;泵浦功率达到4.69 W后,输出为自启动锁模脉冲,重复频率4.26 MHz,中心波长2 061.5 nm,光谱半极大宽度18.1 nm,平均输出功率8.8 mW;继续增加泵浦功率到最大值7.56 W,可以得到中心波长2 062.2 nm、光谱半极大宽度17.1 nm、斜率效率为6.2%、脉冲宽度和能量分别为424 fs和65.6 nJ的稳定锁模脉冲。这是目前已报道的在未经放大情况下脉冲能量最高的2 m锁模脉冲光纤激光器。     

掺Er3+光纤的γ射线辐射特性

本文研究掺Er³⁺光纤的γ射线辐射特性,发现在800到1600nm之间损耗都有显著的增加,有的增加800倍之多。光纤的γ射线辐照损耗特性具有β射线辐照类似的规律性。用γ射线的康普顿效应半定量地解释了这种类似性。对γ射线辐照损耗进行紫外线UV漂白,表明比热退火有更好的效果,能使损耗恢复50%。指出选用原子序数小的元素作光纤掺杂剂会有利于光纤抗辐照性能的提高。 关键词：     

基于光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器及复合双环腔滤波器的单纵模掺铥光纤激光器

提出了一种基于光纤Bragg光栅Fabry-Pérot(F-P)窄带滤波器和复合双环腔滤波器的单纵模掺铥光纤激光器。通过对复合双环腔进行数值仿真并实验制作,结合光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器的窄带滤波特性,实现了光纤激光器的单纵模选取。激光器输出波长为1941.56nm,光信噪比为55.8dB,70min内的波长和功率波动分别小于0.019nm和1.464dB。由自制的基于非平衡迈克尔逊干涉仪线宽测试系统测量了所提出的掺铥光纤激光器输出单纵模激光的频率噪声特性,并用β线方法由频率噪声谱估计了不同测量时间下的激光线宽,2ms测量时间下的典型激光线宽值为14.194kHz。     

脉冲γ射线对光纤的辐射效应

介绍了光纤的损耗机制和γ射线对光纤的辐射效应,设计了针对脉冲γ射线作用于光纤而产生辐射感生损耗的实验测量系统。利用平均光子能量为0.3 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率2.03×107 Gy·s-1,和平均光子能量为1.0 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率5.32×109 Gy·s-1的2种脉冲γ射线分别作用于多模和单模光纤,分别采用波长为405,660,850,1 310和1 550 nm的激光光纤传输系统对辐射感生损耗进行了测量。获得了光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量的关系,并对实验结果进行分析。从实验结果可以看出：在近红外到可见光范围内,脉冲γ射线对光纤作用产生的辐射感生损耗随探测波长减小而增大;在0.1~3.5 Gy剂量范围内,多模光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量呈线性关系。分析辐射对光纤的作用机制和实验结果后得出：光纤基质原子的电子能级对传输光子的共振吸收而造成吸收损耗增加;光纤折射率分布的改变从而导致波导损耗增加。     

Experimental research on performances of the imaging plates applied in gamma-ray imaging

Experimental studies on the basic characteristics of IPs applied inγ-ray imaging are carried out by utilizing isotopic y-ray sources.The 1.25 MeV y-ray sensitivity of the BAS-MS and BAS-TR imaging plates and their enhanced sensitivity by covering appropriate Compton conversion foils are measured based on the studies of the image intensity linear calibration,time attenuation laws and the influence of scanning parameter settings.The energy-dependent y-ray sensitivity of the IPs is also obtained by the studies of the measured sensitivity and the Monte Carlo simulated energy deposition in the IPs'sensitive layer.Furthermore,a method of a sandwich detection structure as well as its primary experimental validations are presented in order to increase the gamma-to-neutron ratio in a y/n mixed radiation field.     

Experimental research on performances of the imaging plates applied in gamma-ray imaging

Experimental studies on the basic characteristics of IPs applied in T-ray imaging are carried out by utilizing isotopic y-ray sources. The 1.25 MeV T-ray sensitivity of the BAS-MS and BAS-TR imaging plates and their enhanced sensitivity by covering appropriate Compton conversion foils are measured based on the studies of the image intensity linear calibration, time attenuation laws and the influence of scanning parameter settings. The energy-dependent T-ray sensitivity of the IPs is also obtained by the studies of the measured sensitivity and the Monte Carlo simulated energy deposition in the IPs＇ sensitive layer. Furthermore, a method of a sandwich detection structure as well as its primary experimental validations are presented in order to increase the gamma-to-neutron ratio in a y/n mixed radiation field.     

The effect of thermal reactor neutron irradiation on semi-insulating GaN

Semi-insulating Gallium nitride was irradiated by fast and thermal neutrons with fluences from 10¹⁴ to 10¹⁶ n/cm². Depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy was used to determine defects changes before and after irradiation. The results revealed two kinds of defects affected near-band emission recombination from two opposite directions. One was attributed to irradiation-induced N vacancies that contribute to near-band emission recombination. Another was attributed to irradiation-induced deep level defects that contribute to sub-band gap recombination and thus decrease the near-band emission recombination.     

1 MeV电子辐照对短波Hg1-xCdxTe光伏探测器的影响

研究了1 MeV电子辐照对短波Hg1-xCdxTe光伏探测器的影响。通过测试电子辐照前后光伏探测器的响应光谱、信号、噪声、暗电流等性能参数,分析了电子辐照对HgxCdxTe光伏器件的影响机制。实验结果发现：电子辐照后器件响应光谱在短波处有变窄的趋势,但响应峰值波长和截止波长基本无变化;随着辐照剂量的增加,通过p-n结的暗电流有所增加,光伏器件的探测率有减小的趋势。     

Origination of gamma-ray burst pulses associated with the Doppler effect of spherical fireballs or uniform jet

Ryde and Petrosian have pointed out that the rise phases of gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulses originate from the widths of the intrinsic pulses and their decay phases are determined by the curvature effect of the expanding fireball surface based on their simplified formula. In this paper we investigate in detail the issue based on the formula in Ref.[20], which is derived based on a model of highly symmetric expanding fireballs, where the Doppler effect is the key factor to be concerned about, and no terms are omitted in their derivation. Our analyses show that the decay phases of the observed pulses originate from the contributions from both the curvature effect of the expanding fireball and the two timescales of the local pulses, and the rise phases of the observed pulses only come from the two timescales of the local pulses. Associated with a local pulse with both rise and decay portions, the light curve of GRBs in the rise portion is expected to undergo a concave phase and then a convex one, whereas that in the decay portion is expected to evolve by an opposite process. And the ratio of the concave timescale to the convex one in the rise phase of the observed pulse linearly increases with the ratio of the rising timescale to the decay one of the local pulse ($r_{\rm rd}$), whereas the ratio of the convex timescale to the concave timescale in its decay phase linearly decreases with $r_{\rm rd}$. The two correlations are independent of the local pulse forms and the rest-frame radiation forms. But the different forms of local pulses and the different values of $r_{\rm rd}$ gives rise to the diversity of the light curve pulse shapes. We test a sample of 86 GRB pulses detected by the BATSE instrument on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and find that the characteristics do exist in the light curve of GRBs.     

GaN基多量子阱蓝光LED的γ辐照效应

本文用4×104Ci(1Ci=3.7×1010Bq)的60Co源(剂量率2×105rad(Si)/h)对GaN基InGaN/GaN多量子阱蓝光LED进行5种剂量的γ射线的辐照实验.通过辐照前后蓝光LED的波长、色纯度、最大半峰宽(FWHM)和电流-电压(I-V)、电流-光通量(I-F)等电光学特性分析,得到γ射线对GaN基LED器件的辐照效应.结果发现,辐照后LED器件的发光一致性和均匀性变差,在20mA工作电流下,最大剂量下器件发光强度衰减近90%,光通量衰减约40%,并得到器件的抗辐照能力的参数τ0Kγ为4.039×10-7rad.s-1,发现较低的正向偏压下(小于2.6V)器件的饱和电流随辐照总剂量增大而增大.     

Ti/4H-SiC肖特基势垒二极管抗辐射特性的研究

本文采用γ射线、高能电子和中子对Ti/4H-SiC肖特基势垒二极管(SBD)的抗辐射特性进行了研究.研究发现对于γ射线和1 MeV电子辐照,-30 V辐照偏压对器件的辐照效应没有明显的影响.经过1 Mrad(Si)的γ射线或者1×l0¹³ n/cm²的中子辐照后,Ti/4H-SiC肖特基接触都没有明显退化;经过3.43×10¹⁴ e/cm²的1 MeV电子辐照后Ti/4H-SiC的势垒高度比辐照前轻微下降,这是由于高能 关键词： 碳化硅 肖特基 辐照 偏压     

Irradiation effect on strain sensitivity coefficient of strain sensing fiber Bragg gratings

The effect of irradiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient of strain sensing fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs) has been investigated through experiments. FBGs were fabricated in single mode fibers with 3 mol% Ge-concentration in the core and with a H2-loading treatment. In experiments, the FBGs were subjected to γ-radiation exposures using a Co60 source at a dose-rate of 25 Gy/min up to a total dose of 10.5 kGy. The GeO defect in fiber absorbs photons to form a GeE’ defect; the interaction with H2 is a probable reason for the γ-radiation sensitivity of gratings written in hydrogen loaded fibres. The effect mechanism of radiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient is similar to that of radiation on the temperature sensitivity coefficient. Radiation affects the effective index neff, which results in the change of the thermo-optic coefficient and the strain-optic coefficient. Irradiation can change the strain sensitivity coefficient of FBGs by 1.48%–2.71%, as well as changing the Bragg wavelength shift(BWS) by 22 pm–25 pm under a total dose of 10.5 kGy. Our research demonstrates that the effect of irradiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient of FBG is small and that strain sensing FBGs can work well in the radiation environment.