共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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提出了一种分析气泡远场干涉的理论模型。平行激光束照射到透明介质中的气泡上,折射光束与全反射光束在远场发生干涉形成内密外疏圆环状干涉条纹,推求了两平行出射光线的光程差公式和两光线之间的距离公式,分析了圆环状干涉条纹内密外疏的原因,给出了计算干涉条纹存在区域和最高干涉级的方法。通过干涉方法可以测量气泡的直径,能够用于介质深处气泡尺寸的测量。利用远场干涉对玻璃水箱、平板玻璃、玻璃棱镜中的气泡直径进行了测量,其中玻璃棱镜中气泡直径测量结果与用阿贝比长仪测量结果对比,相对差为0.9%。预期了气泡远场干涉在运动气泡尺寸、泡内气体折射率、透明光疏介质中光密介质球尺寸测量等方面的应用。 相似文献
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介绍了合肥光源同步光测量系统,包括条纹相机系统、快速光电测量束团长度系统、束团横向截面测量系统和光位置测量系统.利用条纹相机系统和快速光电测量柬团长度系统进行了束团长度测量和束团伸长效应的研究.利用束流截面测量系统进行了六极铁对横向不稳定性抑制效果和横向反馈系统反馈效果的测量研究.光位置测量系统采用丝型光位置检测器和自行研制了对数处理?用于测量光源点的束流位置和角度. 相似文献
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迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
使用硅光电晶体三极管作为光干涉条纹传感器,采用变间隙动极板电容传感器代替传统微距测量的设计方案,利用单片机对干涉条纹进行计数并自动测量反射镜的微小位移,实现了迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化测量.制作了检测系统及电路,完成系统的软件设计.He-Ne激光波长的测量实验结果表明,采用该方案能够缩短测量时间,提高测量精度. 相似文献
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Florence Burdin Pascal Guiraud Anne‐Marie Wilhelm Henri Delmas 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2002,19(2):73-83
Knowledge of the acoustic cavitation cloud would be useful for improving ultrasound reactor design. Among the characterisation techniques, few are adapted to bubble investigations in an intense ultrasound field. Some problems raised by these measurements result from interactions between the acoustic pressure wave and the measuring light wave. This paper reports the implementation of the laser diffraction technique to determine the size and volume concentration of bubbles generated by a dipping horn operating at 20 kHz. Measurements were performed with a Malvern 2600 instrument. The size distribution, deduced from the diffraction pattern scattered by the bubble cloud crossed by a laser beam, is disturbed by the acoustic pressure wave involving deviation of a light beam at low diffusion angles (acousto‐optic effect). A bubble size correction procedure based on the subtraction of the light energy due to the ultrasound wave is described. The size measurements, and thus the correction procedure, were validated by a second laser technique based on a different measuring principle: phase Doppler interferometry. The measurement reliability was further confirmed by an original application of laser diffraction based on measurements performed just after sonication. These three methods lead to a mean bubble size (Sauter mean diameter) of about 10 μm at a high ultrasound power input. Concerning the void fraction, only measurements achieved after sonication and by laser diffraction predict a correct estimation of this parameter. 相似文献
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The growth and departure of bubbles on a vertical heated wall of an annular channel in flow boiling were observed by a high-speed camera, and the bubble contact diameter and bubble departure diameter were measured. It was found that bubble departure diameters were different among different nucleation sites in the same boiling area (same test condition, same surface roughness). Force balance on a single bubble attached to the heated surface was also analyzed to explain this phenomenon. The theoretical research results show that bubble contact diameter has a significant influence on bubble departure diameter, and the corresponding departure diameter is larger as the bubble contact diameter is larger. This agrees with the visual experimental results. 相似文献
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以水面箱形梁模型为研究对象,利用数值计算和实验验证相结合的方法,对梁在水下爆炸气泡作用下的中垂损伤特点进行了研究,确定了中垂弯曲载荷的形成原因,深入分析了气泡运动时周围流场的变化特性;研究了爆炸参数对梁响应特性的影响,初步提出了梁发生中垂损伤的条件。研究发现:在爆炸气泡收缩阶段,结构和气泡之间的流场形成一个“凹”型分布的低压区,导致梁发生中垂弯曲变形;当爆径比参数λ满足1<λ<2.5时,爆炸气泡对梁结构的中垂损伤作用明显,且λ越小,等量炸药对梁的整体损伤作用越大。 相似文献
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分析了含气量对粘性液体中球形单空泡脉动特性的影响。研究结果表明:随着泡内初始含气量的增加,空泡达到最大泡半径的时间延长;空泡膨胀的最大泡半径、收缩的最小泡半径和脉动周期均随初始含气量的增加而增加;同时,空泡膨胀和溃灭时泡壁的运动速度均随空泡初始含气量的变化而变化。无论含气量如何,在空泡收缩到最小泡半径附近,泡壁运动速度(收缩或膨胀)要明显快于其在最大泡半径附近;此外,受液体粘性影响,空泡膨胀和收缩过程明显变缓。 相似文献
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以水为工作介质,在不同文丘里管入口压力下,利用YAG激光器产生的激光轰击水中的金属靶材产生空泡,借助高速摄像系统记录激光空泡在文丘里管中的运动过程,并采用流体动力学模拟对文丘里管中的流场特性和空泡的溃灭特性进行分析.结果表明:激光空泡在文丘里管中的运动,其形状变化可分为产生阶段、挤压阶段、溃灭初始阶段和溃灭阶段等四个阶段.空泡的溃灭取决于流场状态,当流动为层流时,空泡不发生溃灭;当流动为湍流时,空泡发生溃灭,且湍流程度越剧烈,溃灭现象越显著.搭建的激光空泡生成与运动系统能够实现空泡的定点溃灭. 相似文献
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以水气两相流为研究对象, 采用大涡模拟和流体体积法, 结合破碎准则和第三代涡识别方法对双气泡碰撞过程进行数值模拟。采用单一变量法, 研究气泡直径比、相对偏心距及气泡间相对距离对气泡破碎程度的影响。双气泡碰撞过程中, 两气泡的直径越接近时, 碰撞过程中的气泡破碎程度越弱, 偏心距的变化对气泡破碎程度影响不大。而相对距离小于1时, 随着其增大, 气泡碰撞过程中的破碎程度更加明显。当气泡相对距离大于1时, 气泡破碎程度趋于平缓。研究表明: 第三代涡识别方法能够很好地捕捉两相流湍流流场中漩涡位置, 并能敏锐地反映出湍流的变化。 相似文献