代In的BCVIG单晶的磁光克尔旋转

我们测量了分子式为{Bi_3-2xCa_2x}[Fc_2-yIn_y](Fe_{(3x)Vx)O12的铁石榴石单晶(简记为代In的BCVIG)在0.45—0.80μm内的饱和极向磁光克尔旋转谱。在0.47μm附近观察到一个强的旋转峰值。通过改变In,V(Bi)的替代量获得了室温下磁矩抵消点附近0.47μm磁光旋转值与成份的关系。发现当替代量的变化通过磁矩抵消点时,克尔旋转的符号突然由正变负,但其绝对值并不依替代量趋近磁矩抵消点(总4πMs下降)而逐渐下降。还发现In的代入使磁光旋转有所增强,在y≈0.15时增强最大。借助总磁光旋转为Bi增强了的次点阵磁光旋转迭加的模型解释了代In引起的旋转增强。按此拟合实验结果导出了0.47μm下四、八面体次晶格旋转系数之比为α4/α8≈1.5即单位Fe³⁺在四面体比在八面体对磁光旋转的贡献大。实验结果还表明,在x<1.0的配方区,并有小量In代入(y<0.15)时可望得到大磁光旋转材料。考虑到低而可变的4πMs,高的居里点和相当大的磁光旋转,该配方区的代In的BCVIG在磁光各种应用中将是强有力的竞争者。 关键词：}     

多铁材料MnSb2O6中自旋涨落的ESR研究

具有手性晶体结构的MnSb₂O₆其基态为螺旋磁序,对外磁场有着响应丰富的铁电性.本文通过助熔剂法制备了高质量MnSb₂O₆单晶.电子自旋共振谱(ESR)的结果表明其共振场具有类似铁磁材料的各向异性温度依赖关系.这一结果表明MnSb₂O₆基态的螺旋磁序在外磁场中形成了随磁场方向转动的圆锥磁序相(conical phase).对共振峰半高宽的进一步拟合得到一个意外小的临界指数,这表明MnSb₂O₆中的磁矩具有二维特征并且存在着较强的竞争相互作用.     

Y3-xBixFe5O12的晶体生长

本文讨论了Y₂O₃-Fe₂O₃-Bi₂O₃-PbO·0.2B₂O₃赝四元系相图的得出与运用;用Bi₂O₃-PbO-B₂O₃做助熔剂,获得了磁性石榴石Y_3-xBi_xFe₅O₁₂单晶(0≤x≤1.2);还论述了Bi-YIG晶体内Bi含量与助熔剂熔液成份的关系。 关键词：     

Li2CO3/K3PO4复合助熔剂对新型Y2O2S：0.09Ti长余辉磷光体发光性能的影响

采用高温还原法合成了一种新型无稀土掺杂Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti长余辉发光材料。基于助熔剂种类对长余辉发光材料特性的重要作用,选择了对余辉衰减初期和后期余辉强度有明显作用的Li₂CO₃和K₃PO₄两种助熔剂,研究了不同配比(以下用x表示,x=Li₂CO₃/(Li₂CO₃+K₃PO₄))的复合助熔剂对Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti磷光体晶体结构和发光性能的作用,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti磷光体。采用PL光谱和余辉测试仪对材料的发光特性进行了表征,用XRD研究了其晶体结构的变化。XRD结果表明,在复合助熔剂范围内(x=0~1.0)均可获得单相性的Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti磷光体。同时发现复合助熔剂比例不同制备的样品中,Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti磷光体晶体择优取向也发生明显的变化,且高比例Li₂CO₃有助于Y₂O₂S:0.09Ti磷光体的晶体形成。复合助熔剂比例x对样品的激发峰与发射谱主峰位置(565nm)基本没有影响;但助熔剂比例x对发射峰强度则有明显影响,随着x增加,该磷光体的发光强度先增后减,在x=0.8时发光强度最大。     

BCVIG单晶的布里渊散射

用布里渊散射技术测量了BCVIG(Bi_3-2xCa_2xFe_5-xV_xO₁₂)单晶的磁振子散射谱,同Sande-rcock,Wettling对YIG以及刘玉龙等人对Bi-YIG单晶的测量相比,我们得到了除主峰之外的连续谱带。按照偶极-交换自旋波理论讨论了测到的自旋波谱。测量还表明BCVIG单晶的自旋波劲度系数D比YIG和Bi-YIG单晶大得多,讨论了D增大的原因,研究了D与入射激光功率的关系。 关键词：     

助熔剂对绿色荧光粉Ba2 SiO4∶Eu2+ 颗粒形貌及发光性能的影响

采用高温固相法在弱还原气氛下合成了Ba₂SiO₄∶Eu²⁺绿色荧光粉,利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和荧光分光光度计考察了不同助熔剂对Ba₂SiO₄∶Eu²⁺荧光粉的结晶度、物相纯度、颗粒形貌和发光强度的影响,并详细讨论了不同助熔剂在荧光粉制备过程中的作用机理。结果表明:不加助熔剂时样品存在BaSi₂和SiO₂杂相;利用NH₄F、Na₂CO₃或H₃BO₃作为助熔剂时会抑制BaSi₂杂相的形成,而BaF₂作助熔剂可以得到纯的斜方晶系。与未加助熔剂合成的荧光粉相比,添加质量分数为2% 的BaF₂、NH₄F或Na₂CO₃后合成样品的发光强度分别提高了138%,81%和34%;而质量分数为2%的H₃BO₃作助熔剂时,荧光粉的发光强度反而降低了14%。BaF₂作助熔剂合成的荧光粉颗粒形貌接近球形,以NH₄F、Na₂CO₃或H₃BO₃作助熔剂合成的荧光粉颗粒形貌分别为不规则片状、纺锤体形和不规则多边形大颗粒。     

Bi-YIG单晶的克尔磁光旋转

在0.4—0.8微米波长范围测量了助熔剂法生长的Bi-YIG系列单晶自然晶面和内部切面的克尔磁光旋转谱,讨论了Bi对磁光旋转的影响,以及从克尔效应作为一种分析工具观察到的晶体内部的不均匀性。 关键词：     

YAG：Ce发光材料合成的助熔剂研究

采用高温固相法合成YAG:Ce荧光粉时,传统的以硼酸为助熔剂的产物硬度很大,处理过程中容易破坏晶体形貌,影响发光性能.采用氟化物助熔剂(MgF₂、CaF₂、SrF₂、BaF₂、AlF₃)及它们与H₃BO₃混合助熔剂来制备YAG:Ce,研究了助熔剂种类及其浓度对制得的粉体发光性能的影响,比较了它们的晶体形貌与物相组成.结果表明,采用不同助熔剂合成的YAG:Ce的激发光谱及发射光谱基本相同,而BaF₂、AlF₃、SrF₂及它们与H₃BO₃的混合助熔剂系列,可在一定程度上降低产品硬度、提高产品发光亮度;其中H₃BO₃~SrF₂系列、H₃BO₃~BaF₂系列的晶化程度与粒度分布均有改善;H₃BO₃~BaF₂系列的物相组成比较纯,除Y₃Al₅O₁₂主相外基本无杂相.     

GGG单晶的助熔生长与成核温度的确定

我们研究了GGG单晶的助熔生长,实验证明在PbO-PbF₂系助熔剂中GGG结晶的组分范围相当宽,生长相当稳定,而且位错密度较低。用感生条纹技术确定了GGG晶体生长的成核温度。 关键词：     

TbyDy1-y(Fe1-xTx)2(T=Al,Mn)的磁致伸缩与内禀磁致伸缩特性

用直拉单晶生长系统制备Tb_yDy_1-x(Fe_1-xT_x)₂(T=Al,Mn)单晶,并测量其磁致伸缩.用电弧炉合成多晶Tb_yDy_1-y(Fe_1-xT_x)₂(T=Al,Mn),并用X射线衍射方法测量拟合得到内禀磁致伸缩.结果表明,Al和Mn替代后饱和磁场降低,说明Al和Mn的替代明显地降低了各向异性能.随Al和Mn替代量的增加,总的趋势是材料的内禀磁致伸缩λ₁₁₁降低.对Tb_0.5Dy_0.5(Fe_0.9Mn_0.1)₂单晶,在不加压情况下的磁致伸缩效果并不明显,但当施加压力时,磁致伸缩变化显著,尤其在12—26MPa压力下,磁致伸缩变化很大,且低场效果很好. 关键词：     

Optical and magneto-optical properties of nanostructured yttrium iron garnet

Bulk dense samples of nanostructured yttrium iron garnet Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ with crystallite sizes of 20–40 nm are prepared by high-pressure torsion from a garnet powder with micron grains. The absorption and Faraday rotation spectra in the IR range and the transverse Kerr effect spectra in the visible spectral range for these samples are measured. The absorption and magneto-optical effect spectra are in agreement with the corresponding spectra of single crystals. The appearance of additional absorption bands at 2 and 3 μm is associated with the violation of the stoichiometry of the nanogarnet and the possible contamination of the initial material. The specific Faraday rotation in the transparency window is approximately 1.5 times smaller than the corresponding quantity for single crystals. The extrema in the Kerr effect spectra coincide with those for single crystals, are smaller in magnitude, and are smeared. On the whole, the prepared bulk samples are transparent in the IR spectral range and exhibit optical and magneto-optical characteristics comparable to the corresponding parameters for single crystals. The high density of point defects of the nanogarnet is primarily due to the violation of the stoichiometry and the valence state of iron ions.     

Some dielectric properties of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 single crystals grown from a KF flux

The temperature dependences of permittivity and of hysteresis loops in the range of 4.2 K to 600 K were measured on mixed Ba_1-xSr_xTiO₃ single crystals, grown in the whole concentration region 0≦x≦1 from a KF flux. It is shown that a solid solution with dielectric properties compatible with existing theories is formed by isovalent substitution of Ba by Sr only for x=0?0.4 and 0.8?1. A comparison between our results on single crystals and previous measurements on mixed ceramic materials is carried out.     

Investigation on optical transmission spectra of (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 single crystals

The optical transmission spectra from 0.3 to 11 μm of relaxor ferroelectric single crystals (1−x)Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-xPbTiO₃ (PMN-xPT) were systematically studied at room temperature in this paper. The crystal is transparent between 0.45 and 5.5 μm and becomes completely absorbing around 0.4 μm in near UV region and 10 μm in infrared region. But the wavelength cutoff in near UV is much sharper than the long wavelength cutoff. As compared with other configurations, tetragonal single crystals possess the optimal transmission properties. The optical transmittance in the wavelength region from 0.45 to 5.5 μm is about 70%. The results show that tetragonal PMN-xPT single crystals are promising for a wide range of optical applications. Some discussions about the oxygen-octahedra structure that determines the basic energy level of the crystals are also presented on the optical properties of PMN-xPT single crystals.     

Growth and characterization of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet single crystals for magneto-optical applications

This paper is concerned with the preparation and characterization of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnets, which are known to be oxides having a large Faraday rotation effect. Using the improved flux method we successfully grew bulk single crystals of iron garnet doped with Ce³⁺ ions with maximum substitutions up to 0.349. Here we investigate different solution compositions for maximum Ce³⁺ substitution. The Faraday rotation and optical absorption spectra were measured in the near infrared region for different Ce³⁺ ion substituted iron garnets. The specific Faraday rotation of Ce_0.349Eu_0.195Y_2.456Fe₅O₁₂ was found to be 1430 deg/cm at a wavelength of 780 nm and –1280 deg/cm at 1150 nm. The Ce substitution prominently enhances the Faraday rotation effect, and Yb³⁺ and Eu³⁺ ions substituted for Y³⁺ in the dodecahedral sites of YIG can increase the concentration of Ce³⁺ ions, depressing the formation of nonmagnetic Ce⁴⁺ ions by charge compensation. Received: 24 January 2001 / Accepted: 2 March 2001 / Published online: 27 June 2001     

Optical properties of TlGaxIn1-xSe2-layered mixed crystals (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1) by spectroscopic ellipsometry,transmission, and reflection measurements

The layered semiconducting TlGa_xIn_1-xSe₂-mixed crystals (0.5?≤?x?≤?1) were studied for the first time by spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in the 1.2–6.2?eV spectral range at room temperature. The spectral dependence of the components of the complex dielectric function, refractive index, and extinction coefficient were revealed using an optical model. The interband transition energies in the studied samples were found from the analysis of the second-energy derivative spectra of the complex dielectric function. The effect of the isomorphic cation substitution (indium for gallium) on critical point energies in TlGa_xIn_1-xSe₂ crystals was established. Moreover, the absorption edge of TlGa_xIn_1-xSe₂ crystals have been studied through the transmission and reflection measurements in the wavelength range of 500–1100?nm. The analysis of absorption data revealed the presence of both optical indirect and direct transitions. It was found that the energy band gaps decrease with the increase of indium content in the studied crystals.     

Photoelectric and x-ray dosimetric properties of TlGaS<Subscript>2</Subscript>〈Yb〉 single crystals

The photoelectric properties of TlGa_1?xYb_xS₂ (x = 0, 0.01) single crystals are investigated. It is established that partial substitution of ytterbium for gallium leads to (i) an increase in the electrical resistivity of the samples, (ii) a shift in the maximum of the intrinsic photocurrent toward the long-wavelength range of the spectrum, (iii) a considerable broadening of the spectral sensitivity range, and (iv) an increase in the amplitude of the extrinsic photocurrent. Analysis of the x-ray dosimetric characteristics of the TlGa 1?xYb_xS₂ single crystals demonstrates that, upon partial substitution of ytterbium for gallium in TlGaS₂, the x-ray sensitivity coefficient increases significantly and the current-dose characteristics ΔIE, 0 ～ E^α tend to linearity (α = 1) at low dose rates (E, R/min) of soft x rays. At high dose rates of hard x rays, α tends to 0.5 for both undoped and ytterbium-doped TlGaS₂ single crystals.     

Far-infrared spectroscopy of CdTe1−xSex(In): Phonon properties

The far-infrared reflectivity spectra of CdTe_0.97Se_0.03 and CdTe_0.97Se_0.03(In) single crystals were measured at different temperatures. The analysis of the far-infrared spectra was carried out by a fitting procedure based on the dielectric function which includes spatial distribution of free carriers as well as their influence on the plasmon–phonon interaction. We found that the long wavelength optical phonon modes of CdTe_1−xSe_x mixed crystals exhibit a two-mode behavior. The local In mode at about 160 cm⁻¹ is observed. In both sample, a surface layer with a low concentration of free carriers (depleted region) are formed.     

重费密子系统CeCu6-xNix的极低温电阻研究

CeCu₆是一种重费密子系统,采用Ni替代Cu研究磁性原子掺杂的多晶样品CeCu_6-xNi_x(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)在极低温下的电阻随温度的变化规律.实验结果表明,随着Ni原子掺杂量的增加,电阻的规律发生变化.在500mK以下,x≈0.1的样品电阻与温度呈线性关系,表现出非费密液体行为,而其他样品皆为典型的费密液体,x≈0.1是其临界掺杂成分.对比用Au替代的情况,临界掺杂成分也是0.1,但Au掺杂是靠体积膨胀来改变合金的基态性质,而Ni掺杂则是因其磁性造成对合金基态性质的影响 关键词： 重费密子 临界掺杂 非费密液体     

Optical and magneto-optical properties of Co–SiO<Subscript>x</Subscript> thin films

The optical and magneto-optical properties of hybrid Co–SiO_x systems are studied as a function of Co concentration. The structures were prepared by alternate depositions of SiO_x thin films and layers of 10-nm-diameter Co nanoparticles produced by an Ion Cluster Source. Both optical and magneto-optical constants of the system gradually increase with the amount of Co, though maintaining low optical absorption values in the visible range. The experimental results are well reproduced assuming that the nanoparticles have a cobalt core (7–8 nm in diameter) surrounded by a cobalt oxide shell (1–2 nm thick). The magneto-optical activity versus optical absorption figure of merit of this system is compared with other magneto-optical dielectric systems.     

碳含量对Y-Ni-B-C超导相的形成与临界温度的影响

报道ThCr₂Si₂型结构的四元金属间化合物Y₂Ni₂B₂C_x的形成与超导电性.当碳配比含量x=0.9—1.2时,电弧熔炼的合金结晶为较好的YNi₂B₂C单相.当x＜0.8或x＞1.2时,合金中虽仍以YNi₂B₂C为主相,但杂相明显增加.超导转变温度T_c随碳含量增加明显分为两个台阶.x≤0.8时,T_c约为12.5K;x≥0.9时,T_c约为15K. 关键词：