Microwave absorption in the Kondo lattice of CeB6 in strong magnetic fields

The characteristic features of microwave (30–120 GHz) magnetoabsorption in the magnetic Kondo lattice of CeB₆ at liquid-helium temperatures in strong magnetic fields are investigated. It is discovered that the absorption structure is the result of the superposition of the ESR of the cerium 4 f electrons, which has a pronounced doublet structure, and features whose position does not depend on the radiation frequency and which are associated with transitions in the magnetic phase diagram of CeB₆. The character of the absorption in the vicinity of the ESR can be linked to the splitting of the ² F _5/2 state in the crystal field; here the g factor is substantially renormalized from g=2.06±0.03 to g=1.83±0.03 as the temperature decreases from 4.2 K to 1.8 K, respectively. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 63, No. 6, 431–435 (25 March 1996)     

Anomalous temperature dependence of the magnetic field induced antiferromagnetic moment in the antiferroquadrupolar ordered state of CeB6

The magnetic field induced antiferromagnetic moment M(AF) at low magnetic fields in the antiferroquadrupolar (AFQ) ordered phase of CeB6 was investigated by elastic neutron diffraction experiments for H parallel [110]. The peak intensity at the AF magnetic reciprocal point (1 / 2,1 / 2,1 / 2) corresponding to M(2)(AF) increases with decreasing temperature below the AFQ ordering temperature T(Q), and exhibits a broad maximum at T approximately 3 K and decreases with a further decrease of temperature. This unusual behavior of M(AF) at low fields is explained as a result of the competition between the AF-octupolar and AF-exchange interactions in the O(xy) type AFQ ordered state.     

On the competition between magnetic order and local Kondo effect in Kondo lattice

We investigate the competition between magnetic order and local Kondo effect in a Kondo lattice model (i.e. the Coqblin-Schrieffer Hamiltonian extended to a lattice) in a mean-field approximation, taking account of the spin-orbit degeneracy of each localized f level. This leads to the definition of a dependent Kondo temperature. We study the Kondo phase and compare its energy with the energies of magnetic phases, when the number of the conduction band electron per site is near one. We present a phase diagram which shows the occurrence of three phases: Kondo, antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. Our model in the mean-field approximation also shows a somewhat flat Kondo temperature, for large values of , as a function of the exchange coupling J between conduction and localized f electrons. Finally we show some scaling effects between and J and we define a corresponding Kondo temperature. Received 21 September 1998 and Received in final form 8 February 1999     

Point-contact measurements of CeB6 and CeCu6 in high magnetic fields

Epitaxial YBa₂Cu₄O₇-thin films with thec-axis oriented perpendicular to the film plane were prepared bydc-sputtering from a single stoichiometric target on (100) SrTiO₃-substrates. Typical values of the inductively measured superconducting transitions were about 90 K with a width less than 0.5 K. Critical current densities were measured on 5 to 10 m wide strips as function of magnetic field and temperature. The temperature dependences ofj _c follow a universal functionj _c(B,T)=j _c ^* (T=0,B)·(1–T/T _c (B)) with =1.5±0.1. ForB=0 andT=77 K we obtainedj _c =4·10⁶ A/cm². The field dependence of the resistive transitions was measured with the magnetic field parallel to thec-axis. The slope of the upper critical fieldB _c2 (T) was determined for different criteria. The carrier concentration evaluated from Hall-effect measurements was found to decrease linearly from one per unit cell at 240 K with decreasing temperature extrapolating nearly through zero forT=0. Highly resolved angular dependent measurements of the critical current density withB perpendicular to the current but tilted from thec-axis show a very strong and sharp enhancement ofj _c for the magnetic field parallel to the (CuO₂)-layers (Bc). Additionally to this phenomenon, which is caused by an intrinsic pinning mechanism due to the layered structure of high-T _c -superconductors the influence of the anisotropy of the upper critical field onj _c (B, T, ) is evident nearT _c .     

Pressure-induced magnetic phase transitions in Yb Kondo lattice systems

In this paper we give a brief overview of the effect of pressure on the magnetic and electronic properties of Yb Kondo lattices using the ¹⁷⁰Yb Mössbauer technique, electrical resistance and X-ray diffraction. The selected materials were either nonmagnetic (YbCu₂Si₂ and Yb₂Ni₂Al) or ferromagnetic (YbNiSn). We show that pressure induces a first order transition to a magnetic ground state in both YbCu₂Si₂ and Yb₂Ni₂Al. In the former compound, the transition is accompanied by a valence change towards Yb³⁺ state. The behavior of both YbCu₂Si₂ and Yb₂Ni₂Al can be understood as resulting from a pressure enhancement of the RKKY interaction which finally dominates the Kondo effect. We demonstrate that the ground state properties of YbNiSn are governed by a volume dependent competition between anisotropic exchange interactions and crystal field anisotropy rather than by a direct competition between Kondo and RKKY interactions.     

Zero-temperature magnetic transition in an easy-axis Kondo lattice model

We address the quantum transition of a spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice model with an easy-axis anisotropy using the extended dynamical mean field theory. We derive results in real frequency by using the bosonic numerical renormalization group (BNRG) method and compare them with quantum Monte Carlo results in Matsubara frequency. The BNRG results show a logarithmic divergence in the critical local spin susceptibility, signaling a destruction of Kondo screening. The T=0 transition is consistent with being second order. The BNRG results also display some subtle features; we identify their origin and suggest means for further microscopic studies.     

Interpretation of Kondo experiments in a magnetic field

Thermodynamical properties of the “resonance level model” are calculated for arbitrary spin and magnetic field. Assuming this model to describe the basic physics of the Kondo problem we find a satisfactory agreement with recent magnetization data on $\text{Ag}$Fe.     

Temperature and field dependence of the order parameter in the antiferroquadrupolar phase of CeB6 from mu+ Knight shift measurements

The Fermi contact hyperfine contribution to the Knight shift of positive muons, implanted at the interstitial 3d sites in CeB6, is found to exhibit the same temperature dependence below T(Q) in phase II as the quadrupolar order parameter determined from resonant and nonresonant x-ray scattering. Furthermore, the contact coupling parameter is shown to be anisotropic and field dependent. These unanticipated features are interpreted to arise from the RKKY induced conduction electron spin polarization, which depends on the orientation and expectation value of the ordered 4f quadrupole moments.     

Oscillating dependence of the etched steel mass on the external magnetic field

The self-oscillating process of steel etching in a weak electrolyte solution (nitric acid) was studied as a function of the external magnetic field. The dominant feature of the process is its enhancement for most values of the external magnetic field from a chosen range. It was shown that the dependence of the etched steel mass on the magnetic field is oscillating and the corroded surface in the magnetic field is two-component.     

Half-filled Kondo lattice on the honeycomb lattice

The unique linear density of state around the Dirac points for the honeycomb lattice brings much novel features in strongly correlated models. Here we study the ground-state phase diagram of the Kondo lattice model on the honeycomb lattice at half-filling by using an extended mean-field theory. By treating magnetic interaction and Kondo screening on an equal footing, it is found that besides a trivial discontinuous first-order quantum phase transition between well-defined Kondo insulator and antiferromagnetic insulating state, there can exist a wide coexistence region with both Kondo screening and antiferromagnetic orders in the intermediate coupling regime. In addition, the stability of Kondo insulator requires a minimum strength of the Kondo coupling. These features are attributed to the linear density of state, which are absent in the square lattice. Furthermore, fluctuation effect beyond the mean-field decoupling is analyzed and the corresponding antiferromagnetic spin-density-wave transition falls into the O(3) universal class. Comparatively, we also discuss the Kondo necklace and the Kane-Mele-Kondo (KMK) lattice models on the same lattice. Interestingly, it is found that the topological insulating state is unstable to the usual antiferromagnetic ordered states at half-filling for the KMK model. The present work may be helpful for further study on the interplay between conduction electrons and the densely localized spins on the honeycomb lattice.     

Temperature dependence of the cyclotron mass in ZnCdSe/ZnSe multi-QWs

The temperature dependence of the cyclotron resonance mass (CRM) of the magnetopolaron in ZnCdSe/ZnSe multi-quantum wells with strong magnetic field is investigated theoretically using the Lee-Low-Pines variational method. The contributions to the CRM due to the nonparabolicity of the conduction band and the coupling of electron with both confined longitudinal optical and interface optical phonons are considered. Results of our calculations are compared with the experimental data, and a qualitative agreement is found over a large temperature range. We show that these three contributions complement each other to determine the cyclotron mass as a function of the temperature.     

Volume collapse in the Kondo lattice

The α-γ transition of Ce and its compounds are explained within a compressible Kondo lattice model where the variation of |J|/D with volume is taken into account. We show that, contrary to the valence change model, the Kondo contribution is sufficient to induce a first order transition at low temperature from a magnetic to a Kondo phase. The disappearance of magnetism is then related to an extremely high Kondo temperature. Applications to Ce and CeAl₂ cases are given.     

Coherence effects in the Kondo lattice

A simple approach to the coherence effects in the Kondo lattice is presented, using the functional integral method. We show the existence of a coherence temperature T_c smaller than T_K, below which coherence between impurities appears. The density of states is calculated in an approximation which takes into account coherent and incoherent scattering. We also show how the thermodynamic properties reflect the coherence effects.     

Magnetic properties of the Kondo lattice

We review the magnetic properties of the Konso lattice model using the functional integral technique: we discuss the magnetic and non-magnetic phases, and some properties of these phases. Comparison with other calculations is also made. Finally some open questions are discussed.     

磁场引起的近藤单态退相干机制

磁场作为一个环境能够诱导近藤单态的退相干。我们采用格林函数方法,计算磁场下量子点耦合Aharonov-Bohm环系统的退相干特性,数值结果显示磁场引起的近藤单态的退相干是一个突然的过程。     

Behavior of the fast cyclotron wave in a nonuniform magnetic field

The fast cyclotron wave becomes unstable and is excited in a spiral electron beam-plasma system when the perpendicular energy component of the beam is sufficiently large. When a nonuniform magnetic field is applied to the system, the cyclotron frequency as well as the parallel velocity component of the beam vary spatially. It is confirmed experimentally, that the variation affects the excited wave and results in a spatial variation of its wavenumber in the way predicted by the dispersion relation of the fast cyclotron wave.