富硅微量元素肥料的应用研究

使用自制的富硅微量元素肥料对水稻、甘蔗、花生进行实验。结果表明水稻、甘蔗、花生增产达到显著水平以上的分别占８３．３３％、８３．３３％和５８．３３％,三种作物的最佳Ｎ、ＳｉＯ２施用比例分别为１：０．８４、１：０．６５和１：０．６５～０．８５。该肥可使水稻增产稻谷５．５７％～１２％,最高增产达２１．１７％;花生增产６．０２％～１４．８４％,最高增产２８．９１％;甘蔗增产可达１０．５１％～１１．７３％,     

环氧化植物油的制备

天然油脂在无溶剂加压（约０．１５ＭＰａ）条件下，经甲酸（８５％）、双氧水（５０％）环氧化，一步合成增塑剂兼稳定剂环氧化油脂，得微黄色油状透明液体；环氧大豆油和环氧葵子油的环氧值均在６．２％～６．６％，环氧玉米油的环氧值６．０％～６．４％；碘值小于３ｍｇ／ｇ；精油转化率１０４％～１０８％。     

GC-MSD法快速测定蔬菜中四种农药残留方法的改进

在农业部标准NY／T761—2004的基础上,对蔬菜中甲胺磷、毒死蜱、对硫磷和氯氰菊酯4种农药残留的测定方法进行了改进。改进后的方法与原方法相比节省溶剂约60％,节省时间约50％。甲胺磷、毒死蜱、对硫磷和氯氰聚酯的加标回收率分别为67．3％～92．5％、95％～105％、91．2％～107．5％和86．2％～106．2％。     

装修对室内空气质量的影响及室内空气污染的防治

对南宁市装修后的30户居室及5处办公场所室内空气中甲醛、苯、总挥发性有机物、氨、氡的浓度进行检测,结果表明总挥发性有机物的超标率最高.总挥发性有机物家庭居室点超标率和户超标率分别为67.2％,80.0％;办公场所点超标率为15.2％;不同功能居室房间超标率分别为:客厅58.6％,主卧室60.7％,书房80.8％,厨房55.6％.装修导致室内污染严重,是引起室内空气质量下降的主要原因,针对性提出了室内空气污染的防治对策.     

测定N-亚硝基化合物的分光光度法

利用Ｎ－亚硝基化合物的化学去亚硝基反应，建立了一种间接测定Ｎ－亚硝基化合物的分光光度法。实验结果表明，Ｎ－二苯基亚硝胺在 ０ ２～ ９．０ ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内呈线性关系。该法应用于香烟烟丝及侧流烟雾卒取液的分析，４次测定ＲＳＤ及回收率分别为１．８６％～６．３２％，８６．２％～９６．６％；３．０１％～５．０３％，１０１．１％～１０９．１％。     

全氟磺酸树脂Nafion NR50溶解的制备

研究了全氟磺酸树脂NafionNR50溶液的制备过程,通过考察不同的溶剂 体系,得到了5种对NafionNR50具有良好溶解作用的溶剂体系,即40％－70％水＋60％－30％乙醇、40％－70％水＋60％－30％正丙醇、10％－70％水＋90％－30％异丙醇、30％－70％水＋60％－20％正丙醇＋10％甲醇和10％－70％水＋80％－20％异丙醇＋10％甲醇。适宜的溶解温度为230－250℃,溶解时间为4h。在溶解的过程中,NR50催化醇发生异构化、醚化和脱水等反应,甲醇起到促进NR50溶胀进而加速其溶解的作用。     

原子吸收光谱法测定环境水中的镉、铁、锰的研究

目的对火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水中的镉、铁、锰的方法进行研究。方法在选定的最佳仪器条件下,测定环境水中镉、铁、锰的含量。结果RSD分别为6．51％、1．26％、2．50％,水样中镉、铁、锰的回收率分别为90．0％、106．0％、95．0％。结论该法操作简单、测试快速、结果准确稳定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定尘铅前处理方法的研究

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定尘铅样品,在0-1．00mg／L范围内样品中铅含量与吸光度呈良好线性关系,检出限为2．88μg／m^2（按定容体积50mL、采样体积400L计）。采取酸煮法、索氏提取法、微波消解法、超声波提取法等4种前处理方法,在0．100,0．500,1．00mg3个质量水平对空白滤筒进行加标回收试验,4种前处理方法的回收率和测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为91．8％-97．4％,2．2％～3．2％;83．0％-86．8％,7．4％-10．3％;93．6％-97．2％,2．5％～3．7％;89．3％-90．9％,3．2％～4．5％,提取效果以酸煮法和微波消解法最佳,超声波提取法次之,索氏提取法最差。     

中低压柱层析分离儿茶素的研究

采用全自动中低压柱层析制备色谱分离儿茶素,原料为含量高于85％的茶多酚,分别以硅胶、C18(十八烷基键合相硅胶)作为吸附剂,应用HPLC对分离产物进行鉴定.结果表明,以硅胶作为吸附剂时,甲醇和氯仿溶液梯度洗脱,得到纯度为96.3％的EGCG,得率32％;以C18作为吸附剂时,甲醇和水溶液梯度洗脱,得到90％以上纯度的EGCG、EC、ECG、CG 4种儿茶素,得率分别为28.8％、7.7％、17.0％、1.8％.     

混合稀土储氢合金中氧和氮的测定

研究了混合稀土储氢合金中氧和氮的测定方法。针对稀土金属高温易挥发、分解的特点,选择适宜的加热温度,使用镍浴,选择高温座坩埚进行试验：选择出了合适的助熔剂的预处理方法。方法已用于实际样品。对含氧0．43％、含氮0.018％的试样,分析精密度为氧4．3％,氮5.9％,加标回收率氧为93％～104％,氮为92％～110％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.