Molecular simulation study of triangle-well fluids confined in slit pores

Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the behaviour of triangle-well (TW) fluids with variable well widths confined inside slit pores. The effect of individual factors influencing the properties of confined fluids such as fluid–fluid interactions, pore size and pore wall–fluid interactions are obtained using simulations as it is difficult to experimentally determine the same. An interesting observation of this study is that inside the narrow pore of slit height h* = 5 at the high-pressure condition of P* = 0.8, for the TW fluid with long-range attraction or for the fluid at a low temperature for even a short-range attraction, the density profiles show layering such that there is a sticking tendency of the particles at centre, while there is a depletion of particles near the wall (as the layers at the centre have higher density peak heights than near the walls).     

Heat of adsorption and density distribution in slit pores with defective walls: GCMC simulation studies and comparison with experimental data

The adsorption behavior (capacity, density distribution and packing density) and the isosteric heat versus loading in a slit pore whose walls contain defective graphene layers are investigated in this paper. The defective wall is characterized by the extent and size of the defect. Simulation results obtained with the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo method reveal complex patterns of isosteric heat, and this complex behavior is a result of the interplay between three factors: (i) the surface heterogeneity (solid-fluid interaction, sites with varying degree of affinity), (ii) fluid-fluid interaction and (iii) the overlapping of potentials exerted by the two defective walls. We illustrate this with argon adsorption in pores of various sizes, and results obtained from the simulation agree qualitatively with the experimental data at 77 K on Saran microporous S600H and micro-mesoporous S84 charcoals of Beebe et al. [R.A. Beebe, B. Millard, J. Cynarski, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75 (1953) 839]. The S600H was found to contain pores predominantly in the neighborhood of 7 Å with 30% of defect and a defective size of 2.84 Å. This is consistent with the argument made by Beebe et al. that this sample is a microporous solid and most pores can accommodate only one layer. The other sample, S84, has larger pores than S600H, and it is found that it has a wider pore size distribution and the pore width is centered at about 12 Å.     

高比表面积金属有机骨架材料(PCN-61,PCN-66)储氢性能研究

应用巨正则蒙特卡洛方法,研究了PCN-61和PCN-66两类金属有机骨架材料的储氢性能;采用Horvath-Kawazoe(HK)微孔分析方法,分析了两类金属有机骨架材料的孔径分布.研究结果表明:在低温77 K,120个大气压条件下,PCN-61和PCN-66的质量储氢密度可达6.2%和7.0%.低压吸附阶段,两种材料的储氢性能差别不大,随着压力的增加,由于PCN-66具有更多大于8的孔径,因此在增压吸附过程中PCN-66表现出了更好的吸附能力.     

高比表面积金属有机骨架材料(PCN-61,PCN-66)储氢性能研究

应用巨正则蒙特卡洛方法,研究了PCN-61和PCN-66两类金属有机骨架材料的储氢性能;采用Horvath-Kawazoe(HK) 微孔分析方法,分析了两类金属有机骨架材料的孔径分布。研究结果表明：在低温77K,120个大气压条件下,PCN-61和PCN-66的质量储氢密度可达6.2%和7.0%. 低压吸附阶段,两种材料的储氢性能差别不大,随着压力的增加,由于PCN-66具有更多大于8 Å的孔径,因此在增压吸附过程中PCN-66表现出了更好的吸附能力。     

Phase behavior and fluid-solid surface tension of argon in slit pores and carbon nanotubes

Phase behaviors of argon in several types of cylindrical and slit pores are examined by grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Condensation processes in single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes along with those in hard-wall tubes are compared. Effects of the pore size on pressure-tensor components, the fluid-wall surface tension, and the adsorption are also compared for the different fluid-pore interactions. The chemical potential at which the fluid begins to condense in the single-walled nanotube is greater than that in the multi-walled nanotube by an amount nearly equal to the difference in the potential-well depth of the fluid-pore interaction, and the adsorption isotherms overlap each other almost completely for narrow pores and partially for wider pores. Similar analyses are performed for slit pores of two different hydrocarbon models.     

Monte Carlo model of CO adsorption on supported Pt nanoparticle

For molecular simulations with thousands of atoms it is desirable to use a lattice gas model because it is fast and easy-to-use for computations. Unfortunately, simulation of adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces within this model is rather complicated due to a large variety of available adsorption site types. We propose the combined model with lattice representation of adsorbent atoms and arbitrary location of adsorbate atoms. Using this model simulation of CO adsorption on supported Pt nanoparticles has been performed. With the proposed approach the above-mentioned difficulties were successfully overcome.     

Monte Carlo simulation of carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide and methane adsorption on activated carbon

In this study, the adsorption capacity of pure and activated carbon with regard to carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) gases at 298?K and pressure from 0.01 up to 2.0?MPa has been investigated computationally. Computational work refers to Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of each adsorbed gas on a graphite model with varying density of activation sites. The Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation technique was employed to obtain the uptake of each adsorbed gas by considering a graphite model of parallel sheets activated by carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, as observed experimentally. The simulation adsorption data for these gases within the examined carbon pore material are presented and discussed in terms of the adsorbate fluid molecular characteristics and corresponding interactions between adsorbate species and adsorbent material. We found that the simulated adsorption uptake of the examined graphite model under these conditions with regard to the aforementioned fluids increases in the order CO?<?CH₄?<?CO₂.     

多壁碳纳米管储氢的物理吸附特性

采用巨正则蒙特卡罗方法 ,模拟常温、1 0MPa下氢在扶手椅型多壁壁碳纳米管中的物理吸附过程 .氢分子之间、氢分子与碳原子之间的相互作用采用Lennard Jones势能模型 .研究了双壁碳纳米管外 (内 )径固定而内 (外 )径改变时的物理吸附储氢情况 ,发现氢分子主要储存在双壁碳纳米管的管壁附近 ,当双壁碳纳米管的内外管壁间距由 0 .34nm增大到 0 .6 1或 0 .88nm时可有效增加物理吸附储氢量 ,并给出了相应的理论解释 .在此基础上 ,计算了管壁间距为 0 .34、0 .6 1和 0 .88nm时的三壁碳纳米管的物理吸附储氢量 ,并与相同条件下单壁和双壁碳纳米管的物理吸附储氢量作了比较 ,发现多壁碳纳米管的物理吸附储氢量随碳管层数的增加而减小 .     

H2在二维共价有机骨架上吸附的蒙特卡罗模拟研究

使用巨正则蒙特卡罗方法预测H2分子在六种具有不同结构和组分的二维共价有机骨架材料(2D COFs)中的物理吸附行为.研究结果表明:(1)在所研究的温度和压力范围内,ILCOF-1表现出最优异的氢存储性能,是目前2D COFs中储氢量最高的材料之一;其它5种COFs的储氢量低于其它2D COFs中储氢量较高的COF-5,-8,-10和TP-COF,而与COF-1,-6和Pc-PBBA COF相差不多.(2)与3D COFs相比,本文所研究的所有COFs的储氢量均低于目前储氢量最高的COF-105和COF-108;除ILCOF-1外,其它5种COFs材料均低于COF-102和COF-103.根据模拟计算的结果,分析了表面积、孔直径和等量吸附热等因素对COFs储氢性能的影响.对COFs储氢能力的强化提出了一些建设性意见.     

Yukawa potentials in systems with partial periodic boundary conditions. I. Ewald sums for quasi-two-dimensional systems

Yukawa potentials are often used as effective potentials for systems such as colloids, plasmas, etc. When the Debye screening length is large, the Yukawa potential tends to the non-screened Coulomb potential; in this small screening limit, or Coulomb limit, the potential is long-ranged. As is well known in computer simulation, a simple truncation of the long-ranged potential and the minimum image convention are insufficient to obtain accurate numerical data on systems. The Ewald method for bulk systems, i.e. with periodic boundary conditions in all three directions of space, has already been derived for the Yukawa potential [Molec. Phys. 88, 1357 (1996); J. Chem. Phys. 113, 10459 (2000)], but for systems with partial periodic boundary conditions, the Ewald sums have only recently been obtained [J. Chem. Phys. 126, 056101 (2007)]. In this paper, we provide a closed derivation of the Ewald sums for Yukawa potentials in systems with periodic boundary conditions in only two directions and for any value of the Debye length. Special attention is paid to the Coulomb limit and its relation to the electroneutrality of systems.     

A non-thermal lattice gas model for a dimer-trimer reaction on a catalytic surface: A computer simulation study

The kinetics of an irreversible dimer-trimer reaction of the type 3A₂ + 2B₃ → 6AB have been studied using a non-thermal (precursor mechanism) model on a square as well as on a hexagonal lattice surface by Monte Carlo simulation. When the range of the precursors (A atoms) is increased, the model gives production rates (reactive window widths) that are quite large as compared with those for thermal (Langmuir-Hanshelwood mechanism) model. The phase diagrams qualitatively resemble with the standard ZGB model except that the continuous transition point is eliminated when the range of the precursors is extended up to the third nearest neighbourhood. The diffusion of A atoms on the surface as well as their desorption from the surface with a certain probability is also considered to see their effects on the reaction mechanism.     

The simplest model of adsorption of molecules with different orientations in adlayer on the stepped surface

In this article we have constructed and studied using the Monte Carlo and transfer-matrix techniques the simple lattice gas models of self-assembled monolayer, which consists of molecules with different orientations in the adlayer on the stepped surfaces. It was shown that in the case of adsorption of complex molecules the surface heterogeneity of stepped type leads to a great variety of ordered structures comparatively with homogeneous one. The constructed models fairly well reproduce the main features of real SAMs consisting of molecules with different orientations with respect to interface and the model ordered phases are also analogues to the structures of real SAMs.     

Atomistic origin of the thermodynamic activation energy for self-diffusion and order-order relaxation in intermetallic compounds II: Monte Carlo simulation of B2-ordering binaries

Abstract

The validity of previously derived formulae expressing the activation energies for self-diffusion and ‘order–order’ relaxations in intermetallics in terms of the activation energies of more elementary processes involved in the phenomena is tested by simulation of particular binary systems. The simulation results were in good agreement with the tested formulae. It was shown that the relationship between the activation energies observed in triple-defect B2-ordering binaries, where the value of the activation energy for order–order relaxations is substantially lower than that for self-diffusion, does not hold in the case of non-triple-defect binaries. Using the tested formulae, the origin of the effect was elucidated and attributed to the atomistic origin of the tendency for triple-defect disordering.     

Adsorption thermodynamics of a lattice-gas model with non-additive lateral interactions on triangular and honeycomb lattices

Adsorption thermodynamics of a lattice-gas model with non-additive interactions between adsorbed particles for triangular and honeycomb lattices is discussed in the present study. The model used here assumes that the energy which links a certain atom with any of its nearest-neighbors strongly depends on the state of occupancy in the first coordination sphere of that adatom. By means of Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble the adsorption isotherms and isothermal susceptibility (or equivalently the mean square density fluctuations of adparticles) were calculated and their striking behavior was analyzed and discussed in terms of the low temperature phases formed in the system.     

Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation of isotherm for hydrogen adsorption on nanoporous siliceous zeolites at room temperature

Zeolites belong to a most prominent class of nanoporous materials which have been considered as potential sorbents for hydrogen storage. The adsorption of hydrogen molecules on purely siliceous zeolites such as ACO, MEP, ASV, ANA, RWY, and RHO, which encompass a range of different pore structures and their chemical compositions has been simulated employing Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) procedure for a temperature range of 250-325 K, and a pressure range of 0-10 kbar. The effects of pore structure of zeolites, temperature and pressure on the hydrogen adsorption has been examined. The results clearly show that the number of adsorbed hydrogen molecules at high pressure, only depends on pore diameter, and the temperature effect on the adsorption decreases with decrease in the number of adsorbed of hydrogen molecules.     

Sorption and permeation of gaseous molecules in amorphous and crystalline PPX C membranes: molecular dynamics and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation studies

Amorphous and crystalline poly (chloro-p-xylylene) (PPX C) membranes are constructed by using a novel computational technique, that is, a combined method of NVT+NPT-molecular dynamics (MD) and gradually reducing the size (GRS) methods. The related free volumes are defined as homology clusters. Then the sorption and the permeation of gases in PPX C polymers are studied using grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and NVT-MD methods. The results show that the crystalline PPX C membranes provide smaller free volumes for absorbing or transferring gases relative to the amorphous PPX C area. The gas sorption in PPX C membranes mainly belongs to the physical one, and H bonds can appear obviously in the amorphous area. By cluster analyzing on the mean square displacement of gases, we find that gases walk along the x axis in the crystalline area and walk randomly in the amorphous area. The calculated permeability coefficients are close to the experimental data.     

Atomistic modeling of segregation and bulk ordering in Ag-Au alloys

The bulk and surface properties of Ag-Au alloys, for the whole range of concentration and as a function of temperature, is studied by means of a simple modeling scheme using the Bozzolo-Ferrante-Smith method for alloys. Evidence for short-range order is found and explained, as well as its relationship with the experimentally observed segregation behavior.     

Nanoscale simulation of Na-Montmorillonite hydrate under basin conditions,application of CLAYFF force field in parallel GCMC

The swelling of Na-Montmorillonite is simulated by Monte Carlo molecular simulations in NP_zzT and μVT ensembles, in two sedimentary basin conditions of 423 K at 750 atm and 483 K at 1050 atm and by using the CLAYFF force field [J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 1255–1266 (2004)]. The CLAYFF force field predicts a one, two-layer stable hydrate under 423 K at 750 atm and a one-layer stable hydrate under 483 K at 1050 atm with the stable basal spacings of 12.54 and 12.44 Å. The adsorbed water molecules are 45.22 and 41.92 per clay layer, with water densities of 0.28 and 0.26 g/cm³ and total energy of 2.11 and 3.65 kcal/mol of water. The predicted structure of Na-Montmorillonite are consistent with those reported in literature for high temperature and pressure conditions, however the results did not indicate a one-layer hydrate as the stable phase under basin conditions of 423 K at 750 atm [Clays Clay Miner. 34, 385 (1986)]. This work allows addressing the issue of the effect of basin condition on the structure of Na-Montmorillonite hydrate.     

氢在多壁碳纳米管中的吸附储存

利用巨正则系综蒙特卡罗(GCMC)的方法模拟了氢在多壁碳纳米管中的吸附,氢气分子之间、氢气分子和碳原子之间的相互作用势能采用Lennard-Jones势能模型。模拟了不同结构参数(管内径、管壁数、管壁间距)的多壁碳纳米管在77K和298K下的吸附等温线,分析了多壁碳纳米管的管内径、管壁数以及管壁间距对吸附性能的影响。模拟结果表明:多壁碳纳米管的管壁数和管壁间距对吸附性能的影响较明显;管壁数越少,管壁间距越大,其吸附性能越好;多壁碳纳米管的管内径对其吸附性能的影响甚微。     

单壁碳纳米管低温及常温下储氢行为的模拟计算研究

采用巨正则系综蒙特卡罗方法, 通过含有此方法模块的GULP软件, 系统地研究了扶手椅式单壁碳纳米管在低温和常温下的储氢性能, 给出了5种半径的扶手椅管在液氮温度(77 K)和常温(280 K)下的吸附等温线, 同一管径在不同温度不同压强下氢分子在碳纳米管中的分布构型图等. 对77 K和280 K下不同压强不同管径的碳纳米管储氢能力做了较为全面的对比分析, 最后根据模拟计算的结果, 对碳纳米管储氢能力的强化提出了一些建设性意见.