原子围栏中金属表面电子的态函数及能极

本文用薛定谔方程求解被束缚在原子围栏中金属表面电子的态函数及能级,同时用计算机绘制出围栏中电子概率分布图。     

量子围栏中的表面电子态

将量子围栏作为二维无限深势阱来处理,用定态Schr dinger方程求出其波函数,并对围栏中的表面电子状态进行了讨论,最后在这一理论模型基础之上用MATLAB 6.1对模型计算结果进行了模拟和讨论,较好地解释了量子围栏中的表面电子所展现出的波动现象.     

受禁锢的表面态电子波的驻波

在金属表面上把电子约束在纳米尺度的环形量子围栏中，导致电子波在围栏内形成同心圆状的驻波，本有无限高圆形对称散射势的分析方法模拟和分析了这种情况了受禁锢的表面态电子波的驻波，并介绍了实验上观察了电子驻波图象的方法。     

量子围栏：扫描隧道显微术的又一杰作

介绍了一项扫描隧道显微术的最新成就。用扫描隧道显微镜操纵吸附在Ｃｕ（１１１）表面的铁原子，形成由４８个铁原子组成的空心围栏，这一量子围栏能将所包围的表面态电子禁锢在其内部，从而可以用ＳＴＭ与ＳＴＳ同时研究禁锢电子的状态密度对空间和能量的分布。预期这一成果将在许多方面促进今后研究工作的发展。     

内蒙古羊草草原不同管理措施对栗钙土胡敏酸光谱特性的影响

为了研究草原七壤退化与恢复机制,以锡林郭勒盟草原生态定位站长期定位实验为基础,采集了围栏禁牧、轻度放牧与过度放牧等放牧管理措施样地的土壤样品,提取其中的胡敏酸,综合应用元素分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱、固相魔角旋转13C核磁共振谱对放牧和围栏的羊草草原样地表层土胡敏酸的分子结构特征进行了比较分析.研究表明:在围栏禁牧和放牧条件下相比,土壤胡敏酸的分子结构特性存在明显的差异,围栏样地的胡敏酸结构其芳香度明显降低,显示出更高的脂肪族特性,羧酸官能团含量降低.经过围栏样地禁牧恢复的土壤胡敏酸结构中含有更多的来源多糖和蛋白质类母体的结构单元,而不同放牧强度之间胡敏酸的结构组成差异不大.     

圆桶中粒子的运动

简要介绍了圆形无限深势阱中粒子的波函数、概率分布等特性,以及量子围栏中粒子的运动．     

一种新型光纤光栅围栏防火防入侵同步预警系统

利用布喇格光纤光栅传感器对应变和温度同时敏感的特性,根据应变和温度导致光栅中心波长变化趋势及规律的不同,在光纤光栅围栏入侵监测系统中,从信号时域、频域提取的多方位特征对周界入侵和火灾发生等威胁安全事件进行智能识别和报警.在光纤光栅围栏防入侵功能基础上,无需做任何硬件封装的改变,也无需另外增加温度敏感光缆和集成其他温度监...     

基于多种小波分解方法综合判决的低误报率分布式光纤围栏入侵监测系统

针对相位敏感光时域反射计型分布式光纤围栏入侵监测系统对外界干扰敏感、误报率高的问题进行了深入研究,比较了多种小波提取入侵信号突变特征方法,并提出一种基于多个小波分解结果进行综合判决来降低分布式光纤围栏误报率的方法.实验结果表明,多种小波分解可以分别提取不同层次的突变细节信息,为综合决策提供更完备的信息和条件,比单一判决能更有效降低系统误报率,室外长期测试可达到0-1次/24h,大大提高了分布式光纤围栏报警系统的稳定性和置信度水平.     

基于M-Z干涉的光纤围栏系统实验研究

对基于M-Z干涉技术的光纤围栏系统进行了实验研究.讨论并分析了M-Z干涉技术在光纤围栏系统中的应用原理.利用M-Z干涉技术和互相关技术,在总计60 km的光纤上进行了单点和两点扰动的原理性实验.在采样速率为20 MHz时,理论上最高可达10 m的定位准确度.     

电子双缝衍射实验的计算机模拟

根据电子双缝衍射实验中电子在衍射观察屏上出现的相对几率分布,用计算机模拟在不同电子数情况下的电子衍射图样。     

β-NaGdF4纳米球中Tb3+-Er3+下转换对局域态密度的尺寸效应

以Span 80 为模板,采用水热法合成了不同尺寸（4.7~115.5 nm）的β-NaGdF₄：1%Tb³⁺,1%Er³⁺ 纳米晶（NCs）。在Rayleigh限（粒子尺寸小于跃迁波长）下,研究了纳米晶尺寸对局域态密度（Local density of states,LDOS）的影响以及镶嵌在β-NaGdF₄纳米球中的Tb³⁺-Er³⁺的辐射和无辐射特性,进一步揭示下转换过程的物理机制。基于Tb³⁺-Er³⁺ 处在 β-NaGdF₄纳米球中的模型,用Green函数方法计算了Tb³⁺-Er³⁺ 发射体的自发发射速率。在介电纳米球内,Tb³⁺-Er³⁺发射体的LDOS没有显著的变化。在小尺寸（R<<λ）介电纳米球外,按照Chew的理论,发现LDOS有一个类-Gauss分布。如果R>35 nm（在本实验条件下）,介电纳米球外则只能观测到LDOS 的下降边,LDOS与局域场强的平方E²成正比,因而LDOS的类高斯分布出现的原因应归于小尺寸发射体与局域场相互作用的增强。通过计算纳米晶尺寸与体材料自发辐射速率的比值可直接确定纳米材料中的填充因子。     

Direct comparison between potential landscape and local density of states in a disordered two-dimensional electron system

The local density of states (LDOS) of the adsorbate-induced two-dimensional electron system (2DES) on n-InAs(110) is studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. In contrast to a similar 3DES, the 2DES LDOS exhibits 20 times stronger corrugations and rather irregular structures. Both results are interpreted as consequences of weak localization. Fourier transforms of the LDOS reveal that the k values of the unperturbed 2DES still dominate the 2DES, but additional lower k values contribute. To clarify the origin of the LDOS patterns, we measure the potential landscape of the 2DES area. We use it to calculate the expected LDOS and find reasonable agreement between calculation and experiment.     

用LMTO方法对清洁Nb(100)面电子结构的研究

用LMTO-ASA方法计算了铌的体态密度和清洁Nb(100)表面的局域态密度以及有关的表面能。所计算的体态密度与用其它方法计算的态密度符合得很好,表面能则支持了低能电子衍射(LEED)动力学计算的结果,并且通过分析表面局域态密度,提出了清洁Nb(100)表面存在表面态,表面态位于费密能级的上方。 关键词：     

Radiative and non-radiative local density of states on disordered plasmonic films

We present numerical calculations of the local density of optical states (LDOS) in the near field of disordered plasmonic films. The calculations are based on an integral volume method, that takes into account polarization and retardation effects, and allows us to discriminate radiative and non-radiative contributions to the LDOS. At short distance, the LDOS fluctuations are dominated by non-radiative channels, showing that changes in the spontaneous dynamics of dipole emitters are driven by non-radiative coupling to plasmon modes. Maps of radiative and non-radiative LDOS exhibit strong fluctuations, but with substantially different spatial distributions.     

Spontaneous-emission control by local density of states of photonic crystal cavity

The local density of states (LDOS) of two-dimensional square lattice photonic crystal (PhC) defect cavity is studied.The results show that the LDOS in the centre is greatly reduced,while the LDOS at the point off the centre (for example,at the point (0.3a,0.4a),where a is the lattice constant) is extremely enhanced.Further,the disordered radii are introduced to imitate the real devices fabricated in our experiment,and then we study the LDOS of PhC cavity with configurations of different disordered radii.The results show that in the disordered cavity,the LDOS in the centre is still greatly reduced,while the LDOS at the point (0.3a,0.4a) is still extremely enhanced.It shows that the LDOS analysis is useful.When a laser is designed on the basis of the square lattice PhC rod cavity,in order to enhance the spontaneous emission,the active materials should not be inserted in the centre of the cavity,but located at positions off the centre.So LDOS method gives a guide to design the positions of the active materials (quantum dots) in the lasers.     

Quasi-particle structure around a single vortex in high-Tc superconductors

For analyzing the checker-board like modulation of the local density of states (LDOS) around a vortex observed in the slightly overdoped Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x, we examined the effect of pseudogap state of high-T_c superconductors to the LDOS around the vortex. We first derived the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation for d-wave superconductivity (d-SC) in the presence of d-spin density wave (d-SDW). Using the Fourier–Bessel expansion, we solved this equation for a single vortex state, numerically. We found that the peak of the bound states around E = 0 becomes small and modulation of the LDOS is observed for larger d-SDW order parameter.     

Proximity effects in ferromagnet/superconductor bilayers

The local density of states (LDOS) in a ferromagnet (FM)/superconductor (SC) bilayer is obtained by using the Nambu Green's function approach. Besides the transition from the “0” state to “π” state found in the spatial variation of the LDOS in the FM, the dependence of the LDOS spectrum on the thicknesses of the FM and SC is also investigated. It is shown that the LDOS in a thin FM film in contact to the SC shows a strong superconducting feature suggesting the possible coexistence of the ferromagnetism and s-wave superconductivity induced by the proximity effects.     

利用扫描隧道谱(STS)对石墨单晶表面局域电子态的研究

利用ＳＴＳ测量并结合扫描隧道显微镜（ＳＴＭ）扫描图象，给出一组沿石墨单晶表面原子分辨的ＳＴＭ图象上某一线段各点处的扫描隧道谱．ｄ（lｎI）／ｄ（lｎＶ）～ｅＶ由测量谱给出的样品表面Ｅ_Ｆ附近局域态密度分布与由体能带结构计算得到的结果在一定程度上相符合，将各条曲线中Ｅ_Ｆ附近的态密度峰能量对相应的空间位置作图，给出石墨表面E_F附近能态密度在测量区域内实空间的变化。通过对表面不等价Ａ，Ｂ类原子处局域电子结构的分析并利用简单模型进行计算，给出了与实验 关键词：     

Spatial imaging of two-dimensional electronic states in semiconductor quantum wells

We measure the spatial distribution of the local density of states (LDOS) at cleaved surfaces of InAs/GaSb isolated quantum wells and double quantum wells (DQWs) by low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Distinct standing wave patterns of LDOS corresponding to subbands are observed. These LDOS patterns and subband energies agree remarkably well with simple calculations with tip-induced band bending. Furthermore, for the DQWs, coupling of electronic states between the quantum wells is also clearly observed.     

Local density of states of vortex state in mesoscopic superconductors

We study local density of states (LDOS) of vortex state in mesoscopic square superconductors with Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equation. We develop one effective numerical method based on the finite element method to self-consistently solve the BdG equation. The LDOS for various vortex states is obtained. Our results about the single vortex show that the LDOS has the particle-hole asymmetry and the results for one- and two-vortex state agree very well with the experimental observation. Besides, we predict the LDOS of multi-vortex states, which is crucial for the further STM/STS experimental study of vortex state in mesoscopic superconducting system.