C-H⋯π(Ar)⋯Cl-C,C-Cl⋯π(Ar), Cl⋯Cl and other interactions in the crystal structure of 6-benzoyl-2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3-benzdioxin

The title compound is monoclinic,P2₁/n,Z=4,a=9.934(1),b=18.399(2),c=11.098(2)Å, =111.08(1)°. The molecule can conveniently be visualized as a benzophenone molecule with one of the aromatic rings fused to a 1,3-dioxin ring which adopts a distorted envelope conformation withcis-trichloromethyl groups substituted at positions 2 and 4. An interaction, observed for the first time, involves a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom from opposite sides of the same aromatic ring to give C-H-(Ar)Cl-C. The parameters are Hring-centroid 2.63 A, Clring centroid 3.41 Å, Hring-centroidCl 167°, C-Hring centroid 159°, C-Clring centroid 150.2°. The (Ar) system is that of the unfused aromatic ring. A second (Ar) Cl-C interaction occurs but this time with the (Ar) system of the fused aromatic ring. The ClCl and ClO(=C) interactions form the familiar zig-zag pattern which has been noted for many chloroaromatic compounds.     

Cooperative C≡C-H⋯O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding in a crystalline alkynol

In the X-ray crystal structure of the alkynol 5-hydroxy-5-(prop-2-ynyl)-10-methyl-¹⁽⁹⁾-octalin-2-one [C₁₄H₁₈O₂, Pca2 ₁, a = 13.559(1), b = 7.960(2), c = 21.748(3) Å], the hydroxyl and propynyl groups form a hydrogen bond chain C---C-HO-HO which is supposed to be a cooperative arrangement. Quantum chemical calculations estimate cooperativity enhancement within the array to be 0.4 kcal/mol, which is only a small (but recognizable) effect.     

Unclassical Hydrogen Bonds of C–H⋯N and C–H⋯Cl in the Crystal Structures of 2-((<Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>)-1,3-diarylallylidene)malononitriles

Abstract  

The 2-((E)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)allylidene)malononitrile and 2-((E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-bromophenyl)allylidene)malononitrile were synthesized and characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures were further confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The former 1, C₁₉H₁₃N₃O₃, is triclinic, space group P−1, a = 7.3834(13), b = 10.901(3), c = 11.227(2) ?, α = 88.64(2), β = 71.596(14), γ = 78.186(18), Z = 2, V = 838.5(3) ?³. The unclassical hydrogen bond of C–H⋯N links the molecules forming polymers. The latter 2, C₃₆H₂₀Br₂Cl₂N₄, is orthorhombic, space group Pnma, a = 20.900 (4), b = 7.0710 (11), c = 10.9170 (18) ?, Z = 2, V = 1613.4(5) ?³. The same hydrogen bond of C–H⋯N and another type of C–H⋯Cl hydrogen bond link the adjacent molecules forming polymers along a axis.     

Crystal structures of 2,6- and 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acids: nonbonded Cl ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Cl contacts

The crystal structures of 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (1) and 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (2) were obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystallization of 1 occurred in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P1 (No. 2) with a = 7.2678(9), b = 9.8543(8), and c = 11.8290(11) Å = 95.000(7), = 104.262(10), and = 102.128(8); and Z = 4. Crystallization of 2 occurred in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group P2₁/n (No. 14) with a = 3.7812(3), b = 13.996(2), and c = 14.514(2) Å = 95.183(8); and Z = 4. Chlorine substituents of four dimeric molecules of 2 formed square channels, ca. 3.54 Å on a side, which run parallel to the crystallographic a axis. Monomers of 1 and 2 formed centrosymmetric dimers via near-linear hydrogen bonds. Details of the structures and spectroscopic results are presented and discussed.     

布里奇曼法制备KPb2Cl5单晶

在500 ℃高真空条件下,制备了KPb2Cl5原料,对原料进行了XRD分析,表明该方法能得到纯相的KPb2Cl5.利用改进的布里奇曼法进行了生长KPb2Cl5单晶的实验,得到了直径15 mm的原晶,并测试了晶体样品的基本红外透过性能.结果显示:不镀膜的情况下,3～20 μm的中红外波段,透过率约为80;,具有很好的红外光学性能.     

Cd(SCN)Cl单晶生长与表征

以NH_4SCN和 CdCl_2·2H_2O为反应原料,采用缓慢降温法,从水溶液中生长了尺寸为:10 mm×7 mm×4 mm新的化合物Cd(SCN)Cl单晶体; 采用元素分析、红外光谱、EDS、TG/DTA、粉末X射线衍射和单晶X射线衍射对所生长的晶体进行了表征.结果表明:所得晶体分子式为:Cd(SCN)Cl,属于斜方晶系Pnma空间群,晶胞参数为a=0.95967(7) nm, b=0.42595(3) nm, c=1.01789(7) nm, V=0.41608(5) nm~3,Z=4.热分析结果表明,晶体在190 ℃时具有良好的物理化学稳定性并且热分解的最终残留物是CdS.采用重量分析法测定了化合物Cd(SCN)Cl在不同温度条件下的溶解度.采用维氏显微硬度法对该晶体的力学性能进行了研究,其硬度值为78.6 kg/mm~2.     

Two acetylamino derivatives of 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3-benzdioxin showing different types of hydrogen bonding: (a) (C13C)CH⋯O=C and (b) N-H⋯O=C

8-Acetylamino-6-methyl-2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3-benzdioxin, (I), is monoclinic,P2₁/c,a=15.174(4),b=11.977(7),c=9.911(3)Å,=99.72(2)°. 6-Acetylamino-2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3-benzdioxin, (II), is monoclinic,P2₁/_n,a=5.927(4),b=40.623(1),c =7.120(3)Å,=91.39(4)°. In compound (I) the imino hydrogen atom is locked in an intramolecular hydrogen bond to the proximate oxygen atom of the heterocyclic ring and is not available for intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Instead the weakly acidic hydrogen atom [Cl₃C-C(2)]H takes part in a hydrogen bond to the carbonyl oxygen atom in another molecule. In compound (II) a normal intermolecular hydrogen bond of the type N-HO=C occurs. The 6-acetylam-ino group is twisted about the (C_Ar-N) bond such that the angles NHO=C, C_ArH_ArO=C, NHOH_ArC_Ar, at the carbonyl oxygen group total 360° (where NH is in the related molecule). The packing in both compounds takes the form of infinite chains and in compound (II) partial overlap of the aromatic ring and the acetylamino group, with very little offset, also occurs.     

Cl掺杂γ-CuI晶体生长及闪烁性能的研究

采用溶剂蒸发技术,辅以氩保护气氛,成功获得厘米级氯掺杂γ-CuI透明单晶.研究了氯掺杂对晶体生长溶液的稳定性、晶体结构及发光性能的影响.通过引入氩气氛,掺氯生长液及晶体的氧化问题得到了极大改善.X射线激发发射光谱表明,γ-CuI:Cl晶体的超快近带边发射得到显著增强,光输出约为PbWO4晶体的89;,深能级发射强度也受到极大抑制.并且快成分的衰减时间达到亚纳秒量级.实验结果均表明γ-CuI:Cl单晶具有较好的结晶性和光学性能,有望应用于超高辐射检测和超快计数率成像领域.     

Structure of (meso-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) dichlorophosphorus(V) chloride, [P(tpp)Cl2]+Cl−

The title compound [P(tpp)Cl₂]⁺Cl^– crystallizes in the space group P2₁/n witha=10.701(2),b=24.860(2),c=14.799(2), =94.24(2)°,Z=4. The phosphorus atom has an octahedral coordination geometry formed by the four nitrogen atoms (Np) of the porphyrinato group and the two chloride ions. The average phosphorus-chloride distance is 2.150(1) Å, with phosphorus situated 0.006 Å below the porphyrin ring.     

C−Cl...π(Ar)...Cl−C,Cl...Cl and other interactions in the structures of two 6-substituted-2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3-benzdioxin's: (I) 6-carboxymethyl; (II) 6-propionyl,an antimethanogenesis food additive

C₁₂H₃Cl₆O₄, (I),M _r=428.91, triclinic, ,a=9.197(1),b=9.336(2),c=9.830(1) Å, =79.29(1), =83.33(1), =85.38(1)°,V=822.16,Z=2,D _x=1.73 Mg m^–3,F(000)=428, (MoK)=0.71069 Å, =10.62 cm^–1, room temperature, finalR=0.033 for 2573 unique counter reflections withF _o>4(F _o). C₁₃H₁₀Cl₆O₃, (II),M _r=426.94, triclinic, ,a=9.374(2),b=9.503(1),c=9.888(4) Å, =79.26(2), =82.10(3), =84.43(1)°,V=854.88,Z=2,D _c=1.66 Mg m^–3,F(000)=428, =0.71069 Å, =10.17 cm^–1, room temperature, finalR=0.030 for 2609 unique counter reflections withF _o>4(F _o). Compounds I and II are isostructural. Centrosymmetric dimers are formed by hydrogen bonds from the two methine hydrogen atoms to the carbonyl oxygen atom. The dimers are linked by Cl...(Ar)...Cl, Cl...O and Cl...Cl interactions to form a three-dimensional pattern. The geometry associated with these interactions is discussed in terms of the electrophile: nucleophile model.     

Cl掺杂对氧化亚铜薄膜载流子浓度及寿命的影响

采用三电极体系在硫酸铜-乳酸体系的中电化学沉积法制备Cl∶ Cu2O薄膜,通过光电流(l-t)测试、莫特-肖特基(M-s)曲线测试、光电压衰减测试(V-t),研究Cl离子掺杂对氧化亚铜薄膜性能产生的影响.结果表明当pH值为8.5时,可以获得n型氧化亚铜.随着CuCl2的加入,氧化亚铜薄膜的光电流密度先上升后下降.莫特-肖特基曲线测试的载流子浓度与光电流密度的趋势一致,当CuCl2为40 mmol/L时达到最高值,光电流密度为0.11 mA/cm2(较纯氧化亚铜提高了247.6;),载流子浓度为3.58×1019 cm-3(较纯氧化亚铜的载流子浓度提高了2457;).将光电压衰减测试结果进行拟合后发现在40 mmol/L CuCl2溶液中得到的薄膜,其载流子的半衰期提高到了8.92s,说明较纯氧化亚铜薄膜的光稳定性大大提高了.     

ZnCl2·2NH4Cl结晶过程及其热分解行为

使用氯化锌(ZnCl2)和氯化铵(NH4Cl)制备了氯化锌铵(AZC,Ⅱ型,ZnCl2·2NH4Cl)晶体.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)技术研究了ZnCl2与NH4Cl摩尔比对晶体类型的影响.用热重分析(TC-DTG)手段研究了样品的热分解行为和非等温动力学特征.TG曲线结果表明AZC(Ⅱ)热分解由失NH4CI和ZnCl2热挥发两个步骤完成,TG和DTG曲线表明失NH4Cl包括4个微观过程.非等温分解动力学研究表明,失NH4Cl和znCl2热挥发两大步的表观活化能(E)分别为91.25 kJ·mol-1和104.76 kJ·mol-1,指前因子(A)分别为105.94s-1和104.51s-1.研究表明AZC(Ⅱ)晶体据具有良好热稳定性.晶体生长实验结果表明:合成(非提纯过的)AZC(Ⅱ)晶体可以用作制备ZnSe晶体的输运剂.     

RbY2Cl7:Ce晶体的生长和闪烁性能研究

采用坩埚下降法,在真空密封的石英坩埚中成功生长出复合稀土卤化物RbY2Cl7:Ce单晶.此晶体属于正交晶系,晶胞参数为:a=1.27469 nm,b=0.69302 nm,c=1.26655 nm.熔点为617℃.表征了该晶体的X射线光致激发-发光光谱、激发发射光谱、γ射线多道能谱及激发衰减曲线等闪烁性能.RbY2Cl7:Ce的激发-发射光谱显示发射峰在389 nm左右,激发峰在336 nm左右.在137Cs源的γ射线激发下能量分辨率约为9.8;,闪烁衰减时间约为35 ns.     

Li3N在KBH4和NH4Cl合成BN反应中的作用

采用氮气加压加温方法,以KBH4和NH4Cl为原料,通过在相同的温度、压力条件下,向反应体系中添加和不添加少量Li3N的对比实验,研究Li3N在KBH4和NH4Cl生成BN反应中的作用.反应产物中有无hBN和cBN生成是依据反应产物的X射线衍射图谱(XRD)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)中有无hBN和cBN物相出现确认的.谢乐公式被用于估算生成的BN的粒径.结果表明,在650℃、7MPa的反应条件下,以KBH4和NH4Cl为原料没有生成BN的反应发生.但当在原料中加入Li3N后,反应产物中有大量hBN和少量cBN生成,其中hBN的平均颗粒尺寸约为14nm.分析确认,Li3N在上述由KBH4和NH4Cl合成hBN和cBN的反应中起催化作用.而且加入Li3N后,由KBH4和NH4Cl合成BN的反应压力和时间都明显低于Hu等人的相关报道结果.     

中红外激光晶体Er:KPb2Cl5的原料制备和晶体生长

本文是对中红外激光晶体ErKPb2Cl5的原材料处理合成和晶体生长进行的研究报道.由于KPb2Cl5的合成原料容易水解和氧化,我们设计了合适的方案对原料进行了处理,并成功合成出掺杂的稀土氯化物,然后在自制的垂直两温区晶体生长炉内,用Bridgman法成功生长出透明的尺寸为22×10×5mm3的ErKPb2Cl5单晶体,并测试了粉末衍射和吸收光谱.     

Synthesis and crystal structures of 4,4′-bipyridinium and 2,2′-bipyridinium pentachloro complexes containing the polynuclear anions [Bi2Cl10]4− and [Bi4Cl20]8−

The compounds 4,4-bipyridinium(2+) pentachloro-bismuthate(III) (1), [4,4-(C₁₀H₈N₂)BiCl₅] and 2,2-bipyridinium(2+) pentachloro-bismuthate(III) (2), [2,2-(C₁₀H₈N₂)Bi₂Cl₁₀] have been obtained by reacting bismuthate oxide and 4,4-bipyridine or 2,2-bipyridine in HCl acid medium. They have been characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis. (1) crystallizes in the triclinic space group with a = 9.776(2), b = 11.009(3),c = 8.346(1) Å, = 101.58(2), = 98.63(2), and = 112.86(2)°. (2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 14.239(2), b = 14.226(2), c = 16.275(3) Å, and = 110.15(2)°. The crystal structure of (1) consists of 4,4-bipyridinium(2+) cations interacting through hydrogen bonding with [Bi₂Cl₁₀]^2– dimers giving rise to endless double chains, while that of (2) is formed by 2,2-bipyridinium(2+) cations and [Bi₄Cl₂₀]^8– tetramers extensively interacting through hydrogen bonding. The different polynuclearity of the anions seems related to the different directions along which each cation can form hydrogen bond interactions.     

以NH4Cl为矿化剂水热合成ZnO自组装微纳米结构

采用NH4Cl为矿化剂,以金属锌片为锌源,水热合成出多种不同形貌的ZnO微纳米结构.其中ZnO纳米棒及铅笔都沿[001]方向生长,结晶性很好.在水热条件下, ZnO纳米棒通常倾向于自组装成花状的结构.本文从鲍林电负性的角度揭示了形成这些微纳米结构的化学反应机理,分析了Cl 和NH+4在这些微纳米结构形成过程中所起的作用.研究结果表明:温度和填充度对ZnO纳米结构的结晶性和形貌也有重要的影响.当温度从150 ℃升至180 ℃时,ZnO纳米晶的结晶性明显更好.当填充度从60;增加到80;时,除了形成ZnO纳米棒花状自组装结构以外,在金属锌片表面还趋于生成大量的ZnO微球.     

Structure of chlorotris(1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane)platinum(II) chloride hydrate methanolate, [Pt(PTA)3Cl] [Cl]·H2O·CH3OH

The title compound chlorotris(PTA)platinum(II) chloride hydrate methanolate (PTA=1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), [C₁₉H₄₂Cl₂N₉O₂P₃Pt] is monoclinic, witha=10.832(1),b=21.306(7),c=12.702(3)Å,=100.42(5)°,V=2883(2)ų,Z=4,D _x=1.814 g cm^–3,=53.0 cm^–1,F(000)=1568,T=298K in space groupP2₁/c. The structure was solved by heavy atom and Fourier methods and refined toR=0.051 for 4319 unique observed reflections. The complex exhibits approximately square-planar geometry about the Pt atom and a significant trans effect, with bond lengths Pt-Cl1=2.3371(2), Pt-C12 (ionic)=4.463(4), Pt-P _{trans(to cl)}=2.233(2), Pt-P _cis,ave=2.323(3)Å and bond angles Cl-Pt-P _cisave 83.60(3), P _trans -Pt-P _cis,ave 96.49(6)°. The H₂O is apparently hydrogen bonded to two N atoms on different cations, and the methanol OH group to the chloride anion.     

A hydrogen-bonded dichloromethane-perchlorate-water channel in the crystal structure ofcis-[Ru(bpy)2{PPh-(o-tolyl)2}Cl+][ClO4 −]·CH2Cl2·H2O

The complexcis-[Ru(bpy)₂{PPh(o-tolyl)₂}Cl⁺][ClO₄ ^–] crystallized from a solution in dichloromethane as the dichloromethane-water solvate. The structure was refined toR=4.5% for those 2433 reflections with |F _o|>6(|F _o|). The octahedral Ru(II) cation is associated with metal-ligand distances as follows: Ru–Cl=2.434(3)Å, Ru-PPh(o-tol)₂=2.382(2)Å, and Ru–N=2.037(7)–2.088(7)Å. The structure is stabilized by a hydrogen-bonded CH₂Cl₂...ClO₄ ^–...H₂O channel which incorporates adventitious water of crystallization.