1,8-二羟基-9,10-二氢蒽的合成

以1,8-二羟基蒽醌为原料,经甲醚化,锌粉和金属钠还原,去甲基等4步反应合成1,8-二羟基-9,10-二氢蒽,总产率为37.1,8-二甲氧基蒽醌用NaBH₄/CF₃COOH还原生成二聚产物,并测定了其单晶结构.     

10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,10-二氢蒽的合成研究

蒽酮1和氯甲基吡啶盐酸盐2在甲苯中回流反应生成10,10-二吡啶甲基-9(10H)蒽酮(3),收率63％～68％;3用硼氢化钠还原生成10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,l0-二氢蒽-9-醇(4),收率87％～90％;蒽醇4在酸催化下发生歧化反应,得到还原产物10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,10-二氢蒽(5)和氧化产物蒽酮3.该歧化反应受催化剂、溶剂和反应温度等影响.当蒽醇4用三氟化硼为催化剂、甲苯为溶剂、回流反应,5的收率达到74％.所合成的新化合物都经1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和元素分析表征确认.     

9,10-二氰基蒽光敏夺氢反应的研究

本文研究了缺电子敏化剂9,10-二氰基蒽(DCA)对苄醇类化合物(二苯甲醇、苯甲醇)及甲苯类化合物(甲苯、对-二甲苯)的光敏化夺氢反应,证明上述两类反应是经由两种不同机制进行的。     

苯三甲酸-水分子为主体晶格的四丁基铵层状包合物的合成与晶体结构

合成了一种新颖的苯三甲酸 -水分子为主体晶格的四丁基铵氢键包合物 ,(C4H9) 4 N+ [1,3 ,5 C6H3 (COOH) 2 (COO-) ]·2H2 O ,并进行了X射线晶体结构分析 .晶体为单斜晶系 ,P2 1 /c空间群 ,a =1 3 62 1( 2 )nm ,b =1 3 691( 2 )nm ,c =1 60 94( 2 )nm ,β =10 9 665 ( 3 )° ,V =2 82 61( 7)nm3 ,Z =4,R1 =0 0 5 0 8,wR =0 12 17.包合物中 ,苯三甲酸阴离子之间通过 3位与 5位羧基形成的O—H…O分子间氢键键连成沿b轴无限延伸的锯齿形长链 .位于长链较大空隙处的单一氢键键连的水分子二聚体 ,同时与两酸根的羧基生成给体氢键 ,形成一条苯三甲酸阴离子 -水分子复合宽带 .位于宽带外侧的 1位羧基与相邻宽带的水分子生成的氢键 ,将这些宽带连成平行于 ( 0 0 1)面的层状氢键主体晶格 .四丁基铵阳离子层填充在相邻主体晶格的层间空隙处 ,构成“三明治”式夹层结构的包合物     

9,10-二氰基蒽光敏分解水制氢反应的研究

本文以9、10-二氰基蒽(DCA)为敏化剂,测定了用胺类,单烯类及取代苯类化合物为电子给体时光敏还原甲基紫精(MV²⁺)的量子产率。用三乙醇胺(TEOA)为电子给体,探索了胶体铂存在下DCA光敏分解水制氩的反应条件并研究了用甲苯、对二甲苯为电子给体时DCA光解水制氢的反应。结果表明以DCA为敏化剂时许多化合物(E^ox<2V)均可作为电子给体,在制氢的同时还有可能合成有用化合物等优点。     

尿素-富马酸根-水分子为主体晶格的四乙基铵离子包合物的合成与晶体结构

合成一种新的尿素-阴离子复合主体晶格包合物,(C₂H₅)₄N⁺[C₄H₂O₄^2-]1/2·CO(NH₂)₂·H₂O,并进行了X射线晶体结构分析.晶体为单斜晶系,C₂/_c(No.15)空间群,a=1.7909(5)nm,b=1.4431(4)nm,c=1.4443(3)nm,β=126.76(2)°,V=2.9905(13)nm³,Z=4,R₁=0.0647,_wR=0.0735.包合物中,两个尿素分子通过一对N-H…O氢键以通常的“肩并肩”方式连接起来,形成一个二聚体.这些二聚体沿c轴方向依次排列,每两个相邻二聚体间生成的氢键将它们连接成一个沿(001)方向延伸的锯齿形扭带.由c滑移面相关连的富马酸阴离子以水分子为桥,由O(W)-H…O氢键连成一条宽带,沿c轴方向延伸.这些富马酸根-水分子复合氢键宽带与尿素纽带交替平行排列,由此形成了一个平行于ac面的氢键层.四乙基铵离子层填充在b=1/4和b=3/4处的主体晶格的层间空隙处,构成“三明治”式夹层结构的包合物.     

9,10-二氰基蒽光敏化香豆素加成反应的研究

光化学中的电子转移反应近年来引起了人们广泛的重视。9,10-二氰基蒽(DCA)作为贫电子敏化剂敏化的各类烯烃的光氧化反应,光重排反应,光加成反应等均有报道。我们在研究DCA光敏化香豆素反应时发现,香豆素与DCA能够发生电子转移的给体—受体加成反应,联苯(BP)可以充当二次电子转移体加速反应。     

5-芳基-3-二茂铁基二氢吡唑的合成及晶体结构

吡唑环是许多具有生理活性化合物的关键结构,许多吡唑衍生物都显示了较强的生理活性,如镇静止痛、消炎、杀菌、降血糖以及安眠的活性等~([1-3]),特别是芳基吡唑在医药以及农药方面具有重要的应用~([4,5]).     

吲哚-9,10-二甲氧基蒽体系分子内能量转移反应的研究

本文分别用亚甲基和甾体雌二醇刚性链将吲哚与9,10-二甲氧基蒽连接起来,合成了两个分子内能量转移体系,研究了分子內吲哚的激发能向9,10-二甲氧基蒽的传递过程与距离及溶剂环境的关系;发现在两个体系中激发吲哚都可以发生从吲哚到9,10-二甲氧基蒽的单重态-单重态能量转移,在远距离的条件下,能量转移按偶极子-偶极子共振机制进行,由实验结果,根据Forster公式计算得到的给体与受体之间的距离与用分子模型测量得到的距离是一样的,并研究了溶剂极性对能量转移过程的影响。     

Synthesis and crystal structure of inclusion compounds: Trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic acid with boric acid and tetrabutylammonium salt

Two new inclusion compounds (n-C₄H₉)₄N⁺C₁₈-H₁₃O₄ ⁻·B(OH)₃ (1) and (n-C₄H₉)₄N⁺C₁₈H₁₃O₄ ⁻ (2) were prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data: compound 1, monoclinic P2(1)/c, a = 1.569 9(1) nm, b = 0.995 5(6) nm, c = 2.293 3(1) nm, β = 109.962(3)°, Z = 4, and R ₁ = 0.0434, wR = 0.075 9; compound 2, monoclinic C2/c, a = 1.400 5(3) nm, b = 1,282 1(2) nm, c = 1.765 7(3) nm, β = 100.388(1)°, Z = 4, and R ₁ = 0.0584, wR = 0.096 6. In the crystal structure of 1, the tetramers formed by two trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic acid (EADA) anions and two boric acid molecules were connected through O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to generate a channel type host lattice. The tetra-n-butylammonium cations were stacked to give two columns within each channel with cross-sectional size of about 2.30 nm × 0.93 nm. In the crystal structure of 2, similar honeycomb host lattices with big size were also formed along the [101] direction by three-dimensional accumulation of EADA anions. The tetra-n-butylammonium cations were accommodated in a zigzag fashion within each channel. Translated from Acta Chimica Sinica, 2006, 64(18): 1904–1910 [译自: 化学学报]     

Exploring Clathrate Formation with an Optically Resolved Host. X-Ray Crystal Structure of the Inclusion Compound between (11S,12S)-(-)-9,10-Dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic Acid and n-Hexane (2 : 1)

The crystal structure of the inclusion compound formed between (11S,12S)-(-)-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic acid, (1), and n-hexane (2:1) has been studied by X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P41 and represents a less common type of inclusion compound, which has helical and chiral structural elements. Helical chains, formed by hydrogen-bonded host molecules, wind around the 21 screw axes and encircle the guest molecules. Crystal data: a=b=17.478(1); c=12.021(1)Å, Z=4 host–guest 2:1 units, R=0.043, Rw=0.061 for 2225 observations with I > 3 (I). The general shape and conformational flexibility of 1 with respect to the requirements of inclusion formation and crystal packing are discussed.     

5，6-二羧基苯并咪唑双核铕配合物的合成、结构及荧光性能

A europium complex [Eu₂(bmd)₂(Hbmd)₂(H₂O)₈]·8H₂O (H₂bmd=Benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized and structurally determined by X-ray diffraction single crystal structure analysis. The crystal belongs to triclinic, space grounp P1, with a=0.754 49(15) nm, b=1.253 8(3) nm, c=1.405 8(3) nm, α=71.03(3)°, β=82.83(3)°, γ=79.12(3)°, V=1.232 1(5) nm³, Z=1. The complex is a binuclear compound and each Eu(Ⅲ) ion is nine-coordinated. The versatile hydrogen bonds link binuclear units into a three-dimensional (3D) supermolecular network. Furthermore, the fluorescent properties of the complex have been investigated at room temperature. CCDC: 742510.     

主体分子2,2′-二羟基-1,1′-二萘与客体分子乙酸乙酯晶态包结物的研究

用X射线单晶衍射分析法研究主体分子2，2’-二羟基-1，l’-二萘与客体分子乙酸乙酯（3：1）晶态包结物的晶体结构。其化学式为C64H50O8，Mr=947．08。晶体属三斜晶系，空间群为P1。晶胞参数：个独立衍射点，5823个可观察点（F≥3σF）。2，2’-二羟基-1，1’-二萘与乙酸乙酯形成以氢键联系的包结物3个主体分子中的6个羟基形成21环的氢键体系。     

Fe(III)与两种4-羟基吡啶二酸形成的配合物的合成与晶体结构

A iron(III) complex [Fe(2,6-HDA)(2,5-HDA)(H₂O)₂]·2.5H₂O (2,6-HDA=4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 2,5-HAD=4-hydroxypyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid), has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. It belongs to monoclinic system, with space group C2/c, a=0.155 8(4) nm, b=0.215 8(5) nm, c=0.133 0(3) nm, β=125.468(3)°, V=3.641 1(15) nm³, Z=8. The geometry around iron(III) is a distorted pentagonal bipyramid. CCDC: 631130.     

Nanoinhibitory Impacts of Salicylic Acid,Glycyrrhizic Acid Ammonium Salt,and Boric Acid Nanoparticles against Phytoplasma Associated with Faba Bean

Phytoplasmas are economically important plant pathogenic bacterial diseases, causing severe yield losses worldwide. In this study, we tested nanoformulations such as glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt (GAS), salicylic acid (SA), and boric acid (BA) as novel antimicrobial agents inducing the resistance against the phytoplasma disease in faba bean. The nanoparticles (NP) were foliar-applied to naturally phytoplasma-infected faba bean with three concentrations from each of SA, GAS, and BA, under field conditions. Nested PCR (using universal primer pairs P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2) were reacted positively with all symptomatic samples and gave a product size of approximately 1200 bp, while the healthy plant gave no results. Transmission electron microscopy examinations of phytoplasma-infected faba bean plants treated with different nanoparticles revealed that severe damage occurred in phytoplasma particle’s structure, degradation, malformation, lysis in the cell membrane, and the cytoplasmic leakage followed by complete lysis of phytoplasma cells. Exogenous application of GAS-NP (1.68 µM), SA-NP (0.28 µM), and BA-NP (0.124 µM) suppressed the infection percentage of phytoplasma by 75%, 50%, and 20%, and the disease severity by 84%, 64%, and 54%, respectively. Foliar application of nanoparticles improved Fv/Fm (maximum quantum efficiency of PSII Photochemistry), PI (the performance index), SPAD chlorophyll (the relative chlorophyll content), shoots height, and leaves number, thus inducing recovery of the plant biomass and green pods yield. The most effective treatment was GAS-NP at 1.68 µM that mediated substantial increases in the shoots’ fresh weight, shoots’ dry weight, number of pods per plant, and green pods yield by 230%, 244%, 202% and 178%, respectively, compared to those of infected plants not sprayed with nanoparticles. This study demonstrated the utility of using nanoparticles, particularly GAS-NP at 1.68 µM to suppress the phytoplasma infection.     

New Exo-Functional Cyclophane Hosts. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Inclusion Compounds

The new cyclophane type host compounds 1–3, containing rigid aromatic units and two exo-topic carboxylic acid functions, have been synthesized. Crystalline solvent inclusions, involving the dicarboxylic acid hosts and their corresponding ester intermediates 6 (a–c), namely 1·DMSO (1:4), 2·pyridine (1:3), 3·pyridine (1:4), 6a·pyridine (1:2) and 6a·benzene (1:2), have been prepared and studied using X-ray diffraction on single-crystals. Moreover, X-ray structure analyses of the solvent-free crystals of the 6 (a, b) intermediates were also carried out for comparison. Co-crystals of the carboxylic hosts 1–3 contained H-bonded 1:2 host-guest associates as building blocks, together with additional space-filling guests, whereas only loosely bounded space-filling solvent molecules were found in the two solid inclusion compounds of the 6a cyclophane ester host. In addition to the mentioned conventional H-bond interactions between carboxylic hosts and their guests, the crystal structures proved to be held together by relatively weak C–H…O bonds besides the ordinary van der Waals' interactions. Packing relations, and the effects of structural variations, guest molecules and anisotropic packing forces on the conformation of the semi-rigid cylcophane ring have been discussed and compared in seven crystal structures.