现代物理学的先驱者——印度的J.C.玻色和S.N.玻色——兼谈东西方文化合流有利于创新人才的培养

本文简要地介绍了东方文明古国印度的两位现代物理学的杰出先驱——J．C．玻色和S．N．玻色的生平简历、卓越的贡献和爱国情怀．深刻地揭示了在他们身上，既体现出了西方科学的精神，又凸显了东方传统文明对他们的巨大影响，从而阐明了东方人的大脑在原创性科学工作上是极具潜力的．     

打开物质微观结构的大门--电子发现者J.J.汤姆孙

简要地论述了阴极射线的研究和电子的发现过程，以及J.J.汤姆孙和勒纳德在这些研究中的贡献。     

俄国物理学家N.G.巴索夫去逝

20 0 1年 7月 1日 ,著名俄国物理学家Ｎ .Ｇ .巴索夫逝世 ,终年 78岁 .巴索夫和美国物理学家汤斯、俄国物理学普罗霍罗夫一起由于发明微波激射器、激光器和从事量子电子学方面的基础研究 ,获得过196 4年诺贝尔物理奖 .巴索夫 192 2年 12月 14日生于莫斯科南面 4 80公里的沃罗涅茨附近的乌斯曼 .194 1年在沃罗涅茨中学毕业 .卫国战争期间他在军队中服役 ,194 3年在基辅军医学校毕业 ,在军队中工作到 194 5年卫国战争胜利 .194 6年到 195 0年 ,在莫斯科机械学院学习 .从 194 8年起 ,巴索夫开始在前苏联科学院列别捷夫物理研究所的振荡实验室工…     

J.J.汤姆孙及其对科学的贡献

介绍了Ｊ．Ｊ．汤姆孙的科学生涯，探讨了汤姆孙对物理学的贡献，其中包括提出电磁质量、发现电子、进行原子结构的现代理论和极燧射线的研究等．最后，论述了汤姆孙在组织科学研究和培养科学人才方面取得的成就．     

基于自适应代理技术的H.323视频会议防火墙

在视频会议中,如何保证H323/SIP数据穿越NAT／防火墙的策略问题是多媒体通信领域的研究热点。提出了将基于H．323协议的应用层网关直接与防火墙的动态检测技术相结合的方案,这一方案通过防火墙自身解析ASN.1协议包,来对数据进行跟踪检测及合法性校验,并能自适应选择检测手段。这种自适应代理防火墙的应用对于视频会议系统的研究发展及其安全保障都具有很重要的意义。     

G.723.1声码器的DSP16k实现

本文介绍了ＩＴＵ－ＴＧ．７２３．１语音编解码器在朗讯科技公司新一代定点数字信号处理芯片ＤＳＰ１６Ｋ上的实时实现技术。本文编程实现了Ｇ７２３．１标准的所有功能模块,包括在变码率下的静音检测（ＶＡＤ）和舒适噪声产生（ＣＮＧ）模块。本文的实现完全复合ＩＴＵ－ＴＧ．７２３．１标准的定点算法,通过了ＩＴＵ－Ｔ的所有测试矢量。同时本文比较了Ｇ．７２３．１在两种定点数字信号处理器ＤＳＰ１６ｘｘ和ＤＳＰ１６Ｋ上实     

复合物o—C6H4F2.Ar的电子S1态的内部van der Waals振动

报道了复合物ｏ－Ｃ６Ｈ４Ｆ２．Ａｒ的电子Ｓ１态内ｖａｎ ｄｅｒ Ｗａａｌｓ（ｖｄｗ）振动的实验和理论研究。在超声束中,利用双光子共振电离光谱和飞行时间质谱技术,揭示了Ｓ１←Ｓ０电子态跃迁涉及内ｖｄＷ振动的３个谱带。光谱分析表明,一＋１６．１ｃｍ＾－１是Ａｒ沿ｏ－Ｃ６Ｈ４Ｆ２分子对称面内的振动模的基频跃迁。     

纪念H.P.Furth教授--回忆中美核聚变交流第一页

20 0 2年 2月 2 1日 ,美国普林斯顿等离子物理实验室 (ＰＰＰＬ)公告 :美国核聚变事业的巨星 ,ＴＦＴＲ项目 (环形聚变实验反应堆 )的开创人 ,ＰＰＰＬ的前所长Ｆｕｒｔｈ教授 ,因病逝世 .这是国际核聚变界的重大损失 .中国核聚变界也失去了一个亲切的良师益友 .2 4年前 (1978年 ) ,在“文革”封闭多年后 ,我参加了中国核物理和核聚变代表团访美 ,第一次认识了Ｆｕｒｔｈ教授 .2 0世纪 70年代是世界核聚变研究的关键年代 ,而ＰＰＰＬ是国际科技界注意的焦点 ,当然也是我们代表团考察的主要目标 .背景是 :世界各国在核聚变投入巨资 ,但几十年…     

两片型f.θ透镜设计

设计一种两片型ｆ·θ透镜，结构简单，畸变误差小于０．０８６％；并简述设计这种简单透镜的方法和应考虑的问题。     

Life and work of E.F.F. Chladni

Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni, the son of the rector of the University of Wittenberg, studied law and philosophy at the Universities of Wittenberg and Leipzig, wrote a dissertation in each of these disciplines and became an experimentalist concerned with sound and vibrations. Chladni's name is associated with the Chladni figures, and this is the first real effort to experimentally investigate the nature of sound. In the lecture the publications of Chladni are presented and, cursorily, his new instruments, designed and built by the physicist. Chladni began to tour half Europe in his own coach with sufficient space for his musical instruments. He gave lectures on the physics of plate and rod vibrations and included demonstrations of the figures and his musical instruments. Chladni's work has had a profound influence on the experimental advances in acoustics, room acoustics, in the verification of theories of superposition of waves, in elasticity, vibrational modes, sound velocities in various media, and much more. The lecture presents a portrait of the scientist Chladni, the times, and his contributions to experimental acoustics which influenced research for many decades.     

A Conversation with William A. Fowler – Part I

Nobel laureate William A. Fowler recalls his early education in physics; his part in the history of nuclear physics at the California Institute of Technology in the 1930s; parallel efforts elsewhere, particularly at Berkeley and the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism in Washington,D.C.; his contacts with J. Robert Oppenheimer; and his work with Charles C. Lauritsen and Tommy Lauritsen before and after World War II.John Greenberg received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Wisconsin and was Caltech research fellow in history from 1980–1984. The Editors were saddened to learn that he died while this interview was in press. Requests for reprints may be directed to Judith R. Goodstein, Institute Archives 015A-74, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA; e-mail: jrg@caltech.edu.     

A Conversation with Valentine L.Telegdi – Part I

The Hungarian experimental physicist Valentine L.Telegdi, who died on April 8, 2006, recalls his early interest in physics and chemistry; his education as a chemical engineer at Lausanne University and eventual turn toward experimental physics; and his graduate work at ETH, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Ph.D. 1950). Goes to the University of Chicago in 1951; recollections of Enrico Fermi, Murray Gell-Mann, Leo Szilard, and other colleagues there. Recalls his work with Jerome Friedman on parity violation in muon decay and his work at CERN with Richard Garwin. Discouraged with state of physics in Chicago, he returns to ETH in 1976, with a joint appointment at CERN. Begins regular visits to Caltech in 1981; compares the style of teaching and research there with his European experience. Discusses his 1987 festschrift at CERN; Gell-Mann’s 1989 festschrift at Caltech; recollections of Richard Feynman, Gell-Mann, Edward Witten. Comments on current state of particle physics.     

Charles C. Lauritsen: A Reasonable Man in an Unreasonable World

Charles C. Lauritsen (1891-1968) was a leading American experimental nuclear physicist and government advisor. He emigrated from Denmark to the United States in 1916 with his wife and baby. In 1926 he talked his way into graduate study at Caltech. Within four years he completed a physics Ph.D. degree, built the worlds highest voltage X-ray tube, and became a Caltech faculty member and director of the Kellogg Radiation Laboratory - founded to treat cancers with his X-ray tube. Converting one of his tubes into a particle accelerator, he became a nuclear physicist. During World War II he established and ran a large program for developing rocket munitions. After the war he advised government agencies on weapons development and research funding. He opposed the U.S. decision to develop the H-bomb. I discuss here his achievements, character, leadership, and the difficulties of science advising - especially evident in Project Vista.     

The Young Julian Schwinger. V. Winding Up at the Radiation Lab, Going to Harvard, and Marriage

In this series of articles the early life and work of the young Julian Schwinger are explored. In the present article, we discuss Schwinger's winding up his work at the MIT Radiation Laboratory, being offered a tenured professorship at Harvard University, getting married, and settling down into a highly productive teaching and research career.     

Pierre Turq,an inspirational scientist in charge and at interfaces

Pierre Turq has made decisive contributions to the theory and to the multiscale simulation of charged systems, such as molten salts, electrolyte solutions and colloidal suspensions, in the bulk, at interfaces and under confinement. His research line focussed on dynamical properties and was characterised by constant efforts to connect his theoretical work to both experiments and practical applications. In this article, his colleagues and former students pay a tribute to his past and current research interests by illustrating some recent developments accomplished in his laboratory.     

著名物理学家——萨本栋

萨本栋先生是我国物理学界学成较早的一位著名物理学家、电机工程专家和教育家.他一生从事科学研究和大学教育,成绩斐然.本文简要介绍萨本栋家世及其生平简历,较详细地叙述了萨本栋在科学研究和大学教育方面所作出的重大贡献,以及他的科学观点、教育思想和教育风范.     

A Conversation with William A. Fowler – Part II

Physicist William A.Fowler initiated an experimental program in nuclear astrophysics after World War II. He recalls here the Steady State versus Big Bang controversy and his celebrated collaboration with Fred Hoyle and Geoffrey and Margaret Burbidge on nucleosynthesis in stars. He also comments on the shift away from nuclear physics in universities to large accelerators and national laboratories.John Greenberg received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Wisconsin and was Caltech research fellow in history from 1980–1984. The Editors were saddened to learn that he died while this interview was in press. Requests for reprints may be directed to Judith R. Goodstein, Institute Archives 015A-74, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA; e-mail: jrg@caltech.edu.