简析空间想象能力对高中物理学习的影响

通过大范围调查,研究了学生的空间想象能力差异的一些成因,并得到了一些启示.     

信息丢失后蚂蚁局域搜索的空间覆盖率分布

在前人关于生物搜索行为的奠基性工作上开创了信息丢失条件下的搜索行为。并以真实蚂蚁作实验,得出了该条件下蚂蚁搜索行为的一些特征,作出部分唯象描述及给出一些定量的结果,并提出了进一步研究的一些方向。     

RFID技术在无线电管理中的应用尝试

论述了在无线电管理工作中所遇到的一些问题,并提出了利用RFID技术解决这些问题的一些想法及尝试。     

高能质子在原子核上散射的自旋打翻效应

近几年来,由于有了较好的中能加速器和精细的探测技术,做出了一些实验,向人们展示了高能粒子在原子核上散射的一些有趣的新现象。     

凝聚态物理中的分形

本文回顾了近年来与凝聚态物理相关的分形研究的一些主要工作,叙述了该领域的一些新进展。着重介绍了涉及分维和分形的一些基本概念、物理思想和研究方法,较详细地讨论了分形网络上的振动和弹性性质、磁序问题、生长和熔化、多分形以及周期分形等课题。     

X光辐射多群输运计算的电子温度人为散射迭代方法

分析了多群辐射数值的一些困难,提出了电子湿度人为散射迭代方法。对方法进行详细论述,并给出一些数值例子。     

电场力电动机演示器

在教学中的一些实验,如果设计得精采风趣一些,其效果也会好一些.笔者制成了一台在电场力矩作用下转动的电动机演示器,激起了学生浓厚的兴趣.这种电动机用感应圈供电.它的原理新颖、构造简单,易于理解和制作,适用于教学.     

模糊数学在厅堂音质评价中的初步应用

本文首先简要分析了目前厅堂音质评价常用的方法及其中存在的一些问题;然后给出了用模糊关系方程和分组法求加权系数和综合评判的数学模型,并用此对我国一些已有的厅堂音质调查结果作了分析;最后指出了厅堂音质中应用模糊数学的意义及关于今后研究的一些想法。     

超声波微电机的原理和应用

论述了超声波微电机的工作原理，给出了其振动模式和组合，分析了行波式超声波微电机定子表面的椭圆运动轨迹，给出了一些性能测试曲线，论述了超声波微电机的一些特点，并介绍了它的一些实际应用。     

近红外吸收带在高折射率光学塑料结构表征中的应用

我们合成了 MESDMA、TBBDA、TDGDMA等光学塑料单体 ,并用它们聚合成光塑料。用红外光谱法对它们进行表征 ,对一些吸收谱带的吸收和结构的关系进行了讨论 ,得出了一些规律     

现代仪器在胆结石研究中的运用

对胆结石组分和元素进行准确的分析可为治疗胆结石和预防其复发提供重要的参考。文章综述了现代仪器在胆结石研究中运用的研究进展,这些技术包括拉曼光谱、能谱(EDX)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)及其二阶导数谱、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、原子吸收光谱、电感耦合等离子发射光谱、高效液相色谱(HPLC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等。     

光机系统分析方法

为了使光学仪器能在恶劣的环境下正常工作，需要对其进行详尽的工程分析。对光机系统的分析方法，包括传统分析方法、集成分析方法和统一分析方法进行了研究，说明了它们的工作原理及实现的具体步骤，分别列举了它们的优缺点。进一步指出在集成分析中热弹性分析需要解决的问题及Zernike多项式拟合中需要注意的问题，归纳了使用统一分析方法时需要特别注意的问题。在比较了3种方法优缺点的基础上，对光机分析方法进行了展望，得出集成分析方法在很长一段时间内将是光机系统分析的主要方法的结论。     

Power law classification scheme of time series correlations. On the example of G20 group

A power law classification scheme (PLCS) of time series correlations is proposed. It is shown that PLCS provides the ability to classify nonlinear correlations and measure their stability. PLCS has been applied to gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of G20 members and their correlations analysed. It has been shown that the method does not only recognise linear correlations properly, but also allows to point out converging time series as well as to distinguish nonlinear correlations. PLCS is capable of crash recognition as it is shown in the Argentina example. Finally the strength of correlations and the stability of correlation matrices have been used to construct a minimum spanning tree (MST). The results were compared with those based on the ultrametric distance (UD). Comparing the structures of MST, UD and PLCS indicates that the latter one is more complicated, but better fits the expected economic relations within the G20.     

基于无机元素的含量判别食醋的种类和品牌方法研究

化学计量学广泛应用于食品种类和原产地的区分。文章采用原子吸收法测定了32个食醋样品中的Mg, K, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ca和Cu等八种无机元素含量。采用向量相似法计算了陈醋和白醋以及同一种类不同品牌食醋的相似度;通过聚类分析和主成分分析对来自北京、江西、江苏和山西4个地区品牌的食醋进行了分类,对不同种类的食醋(陈醋和白醋)也进行了分类。聚类分析和主成分分析都将食醋样品分为两大类,每个大类又将食醋样品按不同品牌分开。食醋中无机元素含量差异可作为食醋种类和品牌判别的测量指标之一。     

Recasting the (Synchrosqueezed) Short-Time Fourier Transform as an Instantaneous Spectrum

In a previous work, we proposed a time-frequency analysis called instantaneous spectral analysis (ISA), which generalizes the notion of the Fourier spectrum and in which instantaneous frequency is utilized to the fullest extent. In this paper, we recast both the Fourier transform (FT) and filterbank (FB) interpretations of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) as instantaneous spectra. We show that to recast the FB interpretation of STFT as an instantaneous spectrum with valid structure, frequency reassignment is a fundamental necessity, thus demonstrating that this IS is closely related to the synchrosqueezed STFT. This result provides a new theoretical motivation for the synchrosqueezed STFT. Finally, we illustrate through example the instantaneous spectra corresponding to the FT and FB interpretations of STFT using two closed-form examples.     

Recent Applications of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry in Herbal Medicine Analysis

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a fast and nondestructive analytical method. Associated with chemometrics, it is a powerful tool for the pharmaceutical industry. It is becoming a suitable technique for analysis of herbal medicine. This review focuses on the recent developments and updates for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of herbal medicine using FTIR. Moreover, it can be implemented during herbal drug development, in production for process monitoring, or in quality control laboratories.     

Fractional diffusion and reflective boundary condition

Scaling analysis of the magnitude series (volatile series) has been proposed recently to identify possible non-linear/multifractal signatures in the given data [Y. Ashkenazy, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 1900; Y. Ashkenazy, et al. Physica A 323 (2003) 19; T. Kalisky, Y. Ashkenazy, S. Havlin. Phys. Rev. E 72 (2005) 011913]. In this article, correlations of volatile series generated from stationary first-order linear feedback process with Gaussian and non-Gaussian innovations are investigated. While volatile correlations corresponding to Gaussian innovations exhibited uncorrelated behavior across all time scales, those of non-Gaussian innovations showed significant deviation from uncorrelated behavior even at large time scales. The results presented raise the intriguing question whether non-Gaussian innovations can be sufficient to realize long-range volatile correlations.     

Paper Analysis: Nondestructive and Destructive Analytical Methods

Abstract: Forensic examination and dating documents is an important issue in our society, because documents are used throughout our lives to record everything we do. It starts with our birth certificate and ends with our death certificate. Between them there are receipts, leases, deeds, contracts, checks, wills, sales agreements, and medical records. The validity of all of these documents is often questioned during litigation. This study describes the use of nondestructive analysis of paper (Fourier transform infrared [FTIR] spectroscopy using an attenuated total reflectance [ATR] technique, Raman spectroscopy) and destructive analysis of paper (microscopic analysis of fibers, FTIR analysis of paper ash, inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry [ICP-MS]). The results are discussed in detail.     

光谱分析在煤结构研究中的进展

煤结构是各类煤相关研究的微观基础,光谱分析作为煤结构研究的重要方法被广泛应用,其在煤结构研究中的进展对光谱分析方法的普及、应用和发展有重要意义.光谱分析方法研究煤结构已成为煤化工领域使用的常规方法,能够快速无损检测,对煤分子结构的破坏小,可为不同环境条件下煤物理化学性质的变化提供有效的检测手段.从光谱分析在煤质、大分子...     

小波分析及神经网络方法在核物理及核工程中的应用

介绍了小波分析和神经网络方法在核物理及核工程领域的应用现状。 分别对小波分析及神经网络方法的基本原理进行了介绍, 详细讨论了小波变换中的多分辨分析方法在γ能谱平滑以及核电站设备监测等方面的应用, 讨论了连续小波变换在γ能谱分析、 粒子种类鉴别以及核反应堆安全监测等领域的应用。 同时, 还详细介绍了神经网络方法在以上各领域的发展现状。 最后, 展望了两种方法在核安全检测、 核辐射防护以及核电站实时监控等领域的发展趋势。 Applications of wavelet analysis and neutral networks in the field of nuclear physics and engineering are reviewed. The principle of these two methods are introduced briefly, and then the applications of multiresolution analysis technique in the smoothing of γ ray spectroscopy, and in nuclear power plant monitoring are discussed in detail. Applications of the continuous wavelet analysis method in γ ray spectroscopy analysis, in particle identification , and in nuclear reactor safety monitoring are also talked over. In addition, the applications of neutral networks in above fields are introduced. Finally, the trends of the future development for these two methods are prospected.