共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
刺激响应聚合物是近几年来研究的热点之一,这类聚合物能够感受外界刺激而发生响应,产生物理或化学性质的变化。金纳米粒子由于量子效应,具有良好的催化性质,因此有广阔的应用前景。但是在实际的应用中却常常面临易于团聚的问题,因此时常需要将其负载于载体之上。将刺激响应聚合物引入金纳米粒子催化体系之中,一方面可以发挥普通载体所能起到的分散作用,防止金纳米粒子团聚,另一方面也可实现可控催化,可以通过外界条件的改变来调控金纳米粒子的催化性能。本文综述了该体系近期的研究进展,从体系的构建方式、刺激响应类型等方面进行了论述,并对该体系的研究与应用进行了总结与展望。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
共轭聚合物纳米粒子(CPNs)因其高荧光亮度、低毒性、表面易修饰的特性,近年来在生物材料和生物医药领域备受关注。本论文中我们设计、合成了一种新的pH 值响应共轭聚合物(PFPA),并通过纳米沉淀方法制备了其纳米粒子。动态光散射实验表明PFPA纳米粒子在水中分散性较好,其粒径约为8 nm。 PFPA纳米粒子的最大吸收峰为379 nm,其摩尔吸光系数为2.1×106 L·mol -1·cm -1;另外该纳米粒子的荧光最大发射峰为422 nm,其荧光量子产率为35%。PFPA纳米粒子在汞灯(100瓦)照射下表现出较好的光稳定性,另外MTT实验表明其具有较低的细胞毒性。该纳米粒子具有pH响应的光学特性,并可以用于活细胞成像。PFPA纳米粒子在癌症诊断、药物与基因传递等方面具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
5.
6.
以表面接枝聚乙二醇链的聚酰胺胺树枝状聚合物(PEG-PAMAM)为纳米载体, 在其内部空腔包覆金纳米粒子, 在金纳米粒子表面连接硫辛酸改性的阿霉素(LA-DOX), 从而间接实现了抗癌药物在PEG-PAMAM内的高效负载. 同时, LA-DOX中的酰腙键提供pH响应性, 实现了药物的pH响应性释放. 紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱表明, 包覆金纳米粒子的PEG-PAMAM纳米载体对LA-DOX的负载能力显著增强. 体外细胞实验表明, 负载LA-DOX的树枝状聚合物-金纳米粒子复合药物载体具有较强的抗肿瘤能力. 相似文献
7.
纳米载体一般是由天然高分子或人工合成高分子组成的、纳米级范畴的运输系统,具有减少药物毒性、提高药物的靶向性、增加药物有效性等优点。随着生物医学技术的进步,有研究表明,作为氧化代谢产物的活性氧(ROS)在疾病部位常常伴随着过表达的异常现象。基于此,近年来ROS刺激响应纳米载体获得了关注和发展,以不同响应机制的ROS响应基团为基础,发展了一系列的ROS响应纳米载体,实现了疾病部位ROS刺激下的药物特异性可控释放。该文聚焦于近年来常用于纳米载体的ROS响应基团,依据元素划分为两大类:硫族元素类响应基团(硫醚、缩硫酮、硒化物、二硒化物、碲化物)和其他元素类响应基团(芳香硼酸酯、过氧草酸酯、二茂铁);通过不同的设计理念将其引入纳米载体,根据ROS响应纳米载体的不同响应机制(疏水-亲水相变、断裂),探讨了载体各自的ROS响应情况、体外药物释放情况,以及在活体中的应用情况。 相似文献
8.
9.
近年来聚合物纳米材料被应用于药物递送系统的研究,其中刺激响应性聚合物纳米载体因具有载药稳定性好、生物相容性好等特点而成为研究热点,通过各种内在或外在条件给予适当刺激,响应性聚合物纳米载体能达到药物控制释放的目的.本文介绍了几种单一刺激和多重刺激响应性聚合物材料的研究进展及作为抗癌药物载体的优势,并对未来的发展方向进行了... 相似文献
10.
基于超顺磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子(SPIONs)磁响应型纳米药物载体已经广泛应用于肿瘤诊断与治疗方面。将SPIONs用多功能性外壳修饰后,能够使其稳定性增加,实现体内长循环,并能缓释出所携带药物;再将其靶向性配体分子复合后,能够提高其肿瘤多靶向的效果;通过将SPIONs用温敏性或光敏性等外壳材料包覆,利用SPIONs的磁致发热、光致发热以及外壳材料自身的特点,能够直接杀死肿瘤细胞或者将温敏性外壳剥落,平稳地释放出药物,提高肿瘤部位的药物浓度,增强治疗效果。因此,本文综述了基于SPIO的磁响应型纳米药物载体在肿瘤治疗领域的新研究与新进展,并进行研究展望,以期为今后相关方面的深入研究提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
11.
LI YongYong DONG HaiQing WANG Kang SHI DongLu ZHANG XianZheng & ZHUO RenXi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education 《中国科学:化学》2010,(3)
Polymeric nanoparticles with unique properties are regarded as the most promising materials for biomedical applications including drug delivery and in vitro/in vivo imaging.Among them,stimulus-responsive polymeric nanoparticles,usually termed as intelligent nanoparticles,could undergo structure,shape,and property changes after being exposed to external signals including pH,temperature,magnetic field,and light,which could be used to modulate the macroscopical behavior of the nanoparticles.This paper reviews ... 相似文献
12.
Advanced polymeric materials undoubtedly constitute one of the most promising classes of new materials due to their intriguing electronic, optical, and redox properties. The incredible progress in this area has been driven by the development of novel synthetic procedures owing to the emergence of nanotechnology and by the large array of applications. In particular, hybridization of polymeric materials with nanomaterials has allowed the production of promising functional materials with tailored properties and functionalities for targeted biomedical applications. Consequently, sufficient researchers have carried out imperative studies on these advanced polymeric materials over the last decade. Beyond scientific and fundamental interest, such advanced materials are conspicuous from technological perspectives as well. In this review, we accentuate the proliferation of advanced polymeric materials in diverse biomedical applications. 相似文献
13.
Polymeric nanoparticles-based therapeutics show great promise in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, due to the flexibility in which their structures can be modified, with intricate definition over their compositions, structures and properties. Advances in polymerization chemistries and the application of reactive, efficient and orthogonal chemical modification reactions have enabled the engineering of multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles with precise control over the architectures of the individual polymer components, to direct their assembly and subsequent transformations into nanoparticles of selective overall shapes, sizes, internal morphologies, external surface charges and functionalizations. In addition, incorporation of certain functionalities can modulate the responsiveness of these nanostructures to specific stimuli through the use of remote activation. Furthermore, they can be equipped with smart components to allow their delivery beyond certain biological barriers, such as skin, mucus, blood, extracellular matrix, cellular and subcellular organelles. This tutorial review highlights the importance of well-defined chemistries, with detailed ties to specific biological hurdles and opportunities, in the design of nanostructures for various biomedical delivery applications. 相似文献
14.
Roberto Solaro Elisabetta E. Chiellini Donatella Giannasi Fabrizio Morganti Emo Chiellini 《Macromolecular Symposia》1997,118(1):603-617
The work performed by our research group during the last few years in the area of bioerodible-biodegradable polymers as designed to the formulation of systems for the controlled delivery of drugs and as specific sorbents of uraemic toxins is broadly reviewed. In particular, attention has been focused on the strategies adopted in the preparation of functional polymers containing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, suitable to establish specific bonding and non-bonding interactions with conventional and proteic drugs. 相似文献
15.
Katharina Landfester Anna Musyanovych Volker Mailänder 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(3):493-515
The miniemulsions process represents a versatile tool for the formation of polymeric nanoparticles consisting of different kinds of polymer as obtained by a variety of polymerization types ranging from radical, anionic, cationic, enzymatic polymerization to polyaddition, and polycondensation. The process perfectly allows the encapsulation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic liquids and solids in polymeric shells, molecularly dissolved dyes or other components. In combination with a specific functionalization of the nanoparticles' or nanocapsules' surfaces and the possibility to release substances in a defined way from the interior, complex nanoparticles or nanocapsules are obtained, which are ideally suited for application in biomedical application as marker and targeted drug‐delivery system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 493–515, 2010 相似文献
16.
In recent years, the use of organic materials to infer conductivity in biomedical devices has received increasing attention. Typical inorganic semiconductors and conductors are rigid and expensive, usually require multiple processing steps and are unsuitable for biomedical applications. Electrochemically or chemically doped conjugated polymers help to overcome these problems due to their stability, low cost, light weight and excellent electrical and optical properties. The conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is the material of choice for biomedical applications as it is water soluble, however, there are growing concerns around its stabilizer, PSS, due to its release of acidic products upon degradation in-vivo. Here, we report the successful synthesis of PEDOT nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a stabilizer via an oxidative miniemulsion polymerisation technique. This improves the bioactivity and hydrophilicity of nanoparticles. The effect of varying amounts of HA and different molar ratios of EDOT:TOS has been studied and their role in the conductive and morphological properties of final nanoparticles has been fully elucidated. Furthermore, bioactivity and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles are demonstrated for customizable in vivo applications. Nanoparticles were found to have a conductivity up to 10 times greater than pristine PEDOT:PSS with increased addition of oxidant. The proposed easy-to-manufacture approach, along with the highlighted superior properties, expands the potential of conductive polymers in future customizable biological applications such as tissue scaffolds, nerve conduits and cardiac patches and represents a real breakthrough from the current state of the art. 相似文献
17.
Electrospinning is a well-known technique since 1544 to fabricate nanofibers using different materials like polymers, metals oxides, proteins, and many more. In recent years, electrospinning has become the most popular technique for manufacturing nanofibers due to its ease of use and economic viability. Nanofibers have remarkable properties like high surface-to-volume ratio, variable pore size distribution (10–100 nm), high porosity, low density, and are suitable for surface functionalization. Therefore, electrospun nanofibers have been utilized for numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical field like tissue engineering, scaffolds, grafts, drug delivery, and so on. In this review article, we will be focusing on the versatility, current scenario, and future endeavors of electrospun nanofibers for various biomedical applications. This review discusses the properties of nanofibers, the background of the electrospinning technique, and its emergence in chronological order. It also covers the various types of electrospinning methods and their mechanism, further elaborating the factors affecting the properties of nanofibers, and applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, nanofibers as biosensor, skin cancer treatment, and magnetic nanofibers. 相似文献
18.
19.
Krishnendu Chatterjee Sreerupa SarkarK. Jagajjanani Rao Santanu Paria 《Advances in colloid and interface science》2014
Nanoparticles have several exciting applications in different areas and biomedial field is not an exception of that because of their exciting performance in bioimaging, targeted drug and gene delivery, sensors, and so on. It has been found that among several classes of nanoparticles core/shell is most promising for different biomedical applications because of several advantages over simple nanoparticles. This review highlights the development of core/shell nanoparticles-based biomedical research during approximately past two decades. Applications of different types of core/shell nanoparticles are classified in terms of five major aspects such as bioimaging, biosensor, targeted drug delivery, DNA/RNA interaction, and targeted gene delivery. 相似文献
20.
《中国化学快报》2021,32(10):2994-3006
Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities that efficiently overcome the drawbacks of natural enzymes in biosensing, detection, and biomedical fields, and they are the most widely used artificial enzymes. Owing to their excellent catalytic characteristics, biocompatibility, and environmental favorability, carbon-dots-based (CDs) nanozymes have inspired a research upsurge. However, no review focusing on CDs nanozymes has been published, even though substantial advances have been achieved. Herein, the advances, catalytic activities, and applications of CDs nanozymes are highlighted and summarized. In addition, the critical issues and challenges of researching nanozymes are discussed. We hope that this review will broaden the horizons of nanozymes and CDs nanozymes, as well as promote their development. 相似文献