Colorimetric determination of nitrites with p-diaminodiphenylsulphone-diphen-ylamine as reagent

Diaminodiphenylsulphone-diphenylamine is used in a new colorimetric method for the determination of nitrite over a range of 0.1-2.5 mg/l . at pH 1.8 and 0.22-0.4 mg/l . at pH about 0.1. The coloured solutions are stable, follow Beer's law and are suitable for determination of traces by visual comparison. The method is selective and neither chlorine nor nitrogen trichloride gives similar colour reactions.     

Gravimetric determination of molybdenum and tungsten using pyridoin as a reagent

Summary Pyridoin has been used as a reagent for the gravimetric determination of molybdenum and tungsten. The reagent quantitatively precipitates molybdenum from ammonium molybdate solution at p_H 2.0–9.5 and tungsten from sodium tungstate solution at p_H 2.0–4.5. The precipitate in each case is ignited to the oxide and weighed.

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Zusammenfassung Zur gravimetrischen Bestimmung von Molybdän und Wolfram wird Pyridoin als Reagens empfohlen. Molybdän wurde aus Ammoniummolybdatlösung bei p_H 2,0–9,5 quantitativ ausgefällt, Wolfram aus Natriumwolframatlösung bei p_H 2,0–4,5. Die Niederschläge wurden jeweils zum Oxid verglüht und dieses ausgewogen.

     

用聚合表面活性剂作增敏试剂分光光度测定钼和钨

采用表面活性剂的分光光度分析法应用日趋广泛。这方面的研究工作虽极活跃,但较多工作限于已有经典表面活性剂的研究与应用,为分析化学的特定需要设计与合成新型表面活性剂的研究尚少。作者曾用环氧氯丙烷和长链烷基叔胺合成了以聚乙二醇为主链含有若干个带长链烷基的季氮支链的低聚合表面活性剂——聚(氧化丙烯)-α-十八烷基二甲基氯化铵(PPOSA)。实验表明,这类表面活性剂兼有阳离子和非离子表面活性剂的某些特性。本文     

Spectrophotometric method for the determination of demeclocycline using sodium molybdate as analytical reagent

By means of spectroscopic methods it has been found that demeclocycline reacts with molybdate ions forming a complex compound [MoO₃HDMTC]^2–. The relative stability constant of this compound has been determined by applying spectrophotometric methods. Under optimum conditions for complex formation a very sensitive spectrophotometric method for the estimation of demeclocycline in the concentration range 5.0–35.1 g/ml is proposed. The detection limit of the method is 2.5 g/ml of demeclocycline. The relative standard deviation (n=10) varies between 0.76% and 1.46%. The method proved to be accurate and sensitive for the analysis of the demeclocycline content in tablets.     

1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠分光光度法测定间苯二酚

在pH 13.00缓冲溶液中, 间苯二酚能够催化氢氧根离子与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应生成2-羟基-1, 4-萘醌, 其最大吸收波长为454 nm. 间苯二酚质量浓度在0.39～13.21 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈现良好线性关系. 线性回归方程为A=0.01918+0.05703c (×105 mol/L), 相关系数r=0.9981. RSD和检测限分别为1.6%, 0.34 mg/L (3σ/k). 该法能够直接用于水样中间苯二酚含量测定, 回收率在94.3%～106%.     

Spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin sodium in pharmaceutical products using sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic as the chromogentic reagent

Spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin sodium is described. The ampicillin sodium reacts with sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic in pH 9.00 buffer solution to form a salmon pink compound, and its maximum absorption wavelength is at 463 nm, epsilon463 = 1.14 x 10(4). The absorbance of ampicillin sodium from 2.0-80 microg ml(-1) obeys Beer's law. The linear regression equation of the calibration graph is C = 40.24A - 2.603, with a linear regression correlation coefficient is 0.9997, the detection limit is 1.5 microg ml(-1), recovery is from 97.23 to 104.5%. Effects of pH, surfactant, organic solvents, and foreign ions on the determination of ampicillin sodium have been examined. This method is rapid and simple, and can be used for the determination of ampicillin sodium in the injection solution of ampicillin sodium. The results obtained by this method agreed with those by the official method (HPLC).     

Colorimetric determination of molybdenum by the reaction with thiocyanate

Summary A new method for the photometric determination of micro quantities of molybdenum through the thiocyanate method has been developed. The reduction of Mo VI to Mo V is achieved by photochemical reaction at 2 N acidity without the addition of an extraneous reducing agent. The coloured complex is stable for about 36 hrs. in 2.0N acid concentration. The method is accurate to about ±1.0% and Beer's Law is obeyed within the limits of 0 to 100 g.

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Zusammenfassung Ein Verfahren zur photometrischen Bestimmung von Mikromengen MolybdÄn mit der Thiocyanatmethode wird beschrieben. Die Reduktion von Mo^VI zu Mo^V wird durch photochemische Reaktion in 2 n saurem Medium ohne Zusatz eines weiteren Reduktionsmittels erreicht. In diesem SÄuremedium ist der Farbkomplex etwa 36 Std lang stabil. Die erhaltenen Werte sind auf ±1,0% genau und das Beersche Gesetz wird von 0–100 g befolgt.

     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠试剂分光光度法测定葡萄糖

建立了用1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定葡萄糖的新方法. 研究表明, 在pH 13.00的缓冲溶液中, 葡萄糖能够催化1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠与OH-反应生成2-羟基-1, 4-萘醌, 其最大吸收波长为454 nm. 葡萄糖质量浓度在0.8～80 mg/L范围内, 呈现良好线性关系. 线性回归方程为A＝0.0165+0.01004c(10-5 mol/L), 线性相关系数r＝0.9985. RSD和检出限分别为0.92%, 0.7 mg/L. 该法能够直接用于注射液中葡萄糖含量的测定.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠作为显色剂分光光度法测定阿魏酸哌嗪

建立了用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定阿魏酸哌嗪的新方法.在pH 13.0的KCl-NaoH缓冲溶液中,阿魏酸哌嗪与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应形成红褐色产物,其最大吸收波长为484 nm.阿魏酸哌嗪浓度在0.4～80μg/mL范围内呈现良好线性关系.线性回归方程为A=0.07742+0.01216ρ(μg/mL),线性相关系数r=0.9986,表观摩尔吸光系数5.8×103 L/mol/cm,相对标准偏差(RSD)和检出限分别为0.84%和0.29μg/mL.对药物样品中阿魏酸哌嗪的含量进行测定,平均回收率在95.1%～103.3%.     

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride as an analytical reagent : Colorimetric determination of micro quantities of gold

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is proposed for the colorimetric determination of gold in acidic medium at 530 mμ. Comparatively large amounts of copper, silver, iron, lead, etc. can be tolerated. The colour is stable; Beer's law is obeyed over the range 0.5–8 mμ of gold per ml.     

Colorimetric determination of fluoride ion with a solid analytical reagent

A colorimetric procedure is proposed for the estimation of fluoride ions in μg range in aqueous samples. The method involves the use of a solid analytical reagent and exhibits an operational simplicity. The detection limit of 1 ppm in an aqueous sample is conveniently achieved in the direct application. The interfering ions are initially removed in an ion exchange step, which also serves as a concentration step for fluoride if present in low concentration.     

A novel method for the spectrophotometric determination of cefradine by using sodium nitroprusside as chromogenic reagent

A novel method is developed for the determination of cefradine by using sodium nitroprusside as chromogenic reagent. The experiment indicates that a russety product is formed by the reaction of cefradine with sodium nitroprusside in basic solution, and the maximum absorption wavelength （λmax） of russety product is 505 rim. And the sensitization of tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride for the reaction of cefradine with sodium nitroprusside is remarkable, The apparent molar absorption coefficient （5505） is 2.81 × 103 L/mol cm. The linear equation isA = 0.0657 ＋ 0.00804C （μg/mL） in the range of 1.50-55.0μg/mL of cefradine with a correlation coefficient r = 0.9992, and the detection limit is 1.38 p,g/mL. This method has been applied to determine cefradine in capsule and tablet samples.     

Indirect complexometric determination of palladium(II) using sodium nitrite as a selective masking reagent

A selective complexometric method is described for the determination of palladium, sodium nitrite being used as masking reagent. Palladium(II) in a given sample solution is initially cornplexed with an excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is titrated with zinc sulfate solution at pH 4.5–5.5 (acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer), using xylenol orange as indicator. An excess of sodium nitrite is then added, the mixture is shaken well and the EDTA released from the Pd-EDTA complex is titrated with a standard zinc sulfate solution. Results are obtained for 2.5–27.5 mg of Pd with relative errors 0.5% and standard deviations 0.05 mg. The interferences of various ions are studied. The method is applied for the determination of palladium(II) in alloys and complexes.     

Colorimetric determination of molybdenum with disodium-1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonate

A procedure for the colorimetric determination of molybdenum with disodium-1, 2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonate (Tiron) has been presented. The maximum absorbancy of the yellow colored complex is at 390 mμ the optimum pH range is 6.6-7.5; and the Tiron concentration is 1.5-2%.The color reaction conforms to Beer's law and has a practical sensitivity of 0.1 p.p.m. molybdenum. The color formation is instantaneous and stable for at least three weeks. There is no temperature effect over the range of 15° — 40° C.The tolerances of the colored complex to many diverse ions have been established. The separation of molybdenum from interfering ions is accomplished by precipitation of the former with α-benzoinoxime. Molybdenum and tungsten are separated photometrically.The colorimetric determination of molybdenum with Tiron was successfully applied to a variety of steels and other materials.     

A selective spectrophotometric method for determination of rosoxacin antibiotic using sodium nitroprusside as a chromogenic reagent

A selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of rosoxacin (ROS), a 4-quinolone antimicrobial agent, has been developed and validated. The method was based on the reaction of ROS with alkaline sodium nitroprusside (SNP) reagent at room temperature forming a red colored chromogen measured at 455 nm. The conditions affecting the reaction (SNP concentration, pH, color-developing time, temperature, diluting solvent and chromogen stability time) were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, good linear relationship (r=0.9987) was obtained between the absorbance and the concentration of ROS in the range of 20-50 microg ml(-1). The assay limits of detection and quantitation were 2.5 and 8.4 microg ml(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of bulk drug and laboratory-prepared tablets; the mean percentage recoveries were 100.1+/-0.33 and 101.24+/-1.28%, respectively. The results were compared favourably with those obtained by the reported method; no significant difference in the accuracy and precision as revealed by the accepted values of t- and F-tests, respectively. The robustness and ruggedness of the method was checked and satisfactory results were obtained. The proposed method was found to be highly selective for ROS among the fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The reaction mechanism was proposed and it proceeded in two steps; the formation of nitroferrocyanide by the action of sodium hydroxide alkalinity on SNP and the subsequent formation of the colored nitrosyl-ROS derivative by the attack at position 6 of ROS.     

Substoichiometric determination of iridium using PAN as a reagent

Conditions are established for the substoichiometric determination of iridium employing 1-/2-pyridylyzo/-2-naphthol /PAN/ as a chelating agent. Iridium forms a red coloured complex /12/ with PAN at pH 5 /acetate buffer/, on heating for 60 min in a boiling water bath. The complex was extracted with chloform. Tens of micrograms of iridium were determined with an accuracy of ±0.38%. Effects of diverse metal ions on the determination of iridium were studied and methods for suppression of interferences were developed.     

Indirect spectrophotometric determination of borate using nitron as reagent

An indirect method is outlined for the spectrophotometric determination of small amounts of borate. Borate is quantitatively precipitated as nitron tetrafluoborate in the presence of excess nitron. After separating off the precipitate, the excess of reagent is determined in the supernatant liquid as nitron cobaltothiocyanate.     

Indirect spectrophotometric determination of perchlorate using nitron as reagent

An indirect method is outlined for the spectrophotometric determination of small amounts of perchlorate. Perchlorate is quantitatively precipitated as nitron perchlorate in the presence of excess nitron. After separating off the precipitate, the excess reagent is determined in the supernatant liquid as nitron cobaltothiocyanate. The latter compound is extracted in 30% cyclohexanone in carbon tetrachloride and the absorbance of the extract measured at 625 nm. The method is simple, reproducible, and accurate to ±1%. The interferences of other anions were also investigated.     

Carminic acid as a reagent for the spectrofluorimetric determination of molybdenum and tungsten-II Determination of molybdenum in mild steel

A method is described for the spectrofluorimetric determination of molybdenum in mild steel down to 0.01 %. After dissolution of the sample, molybdenum is separated from the bulk of iron by extraction of molybdenum(V) thiocyanate with isoamyl acetate. It is then determined with carminic acid as described in Part I.     

Spectrophotometric determination of dapsone in pharmaceutical products using sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic as the chromogenic reagent

Spectrophotometric determination of dapsone is described. The dapsone reacts with sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic in pH 6.98 buffer solution to form a salmon pink compound, and its maximum absorption wavelength is at 525 nm, epsilon525=3.68 x 10(4) l mol(-1) cm(-1). The absorbance of dapsone from 0.40 to 10 microg ml(-1) obeys Beer's law. The linear regression equation of the calibration graph is C=0.2334 A + 0.01288, with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.9998, the detection limit is 0.24 microg ml(-1), and recovery is from 99.2 to 102.4%. Effects of pH, surfactant, organic solvents, foreign ions, and standing time on the determination of dapsone have been examined. This method is simple and can be used for the determination of dapsone in injection solution of dapsone. The results obtained by this method agreed with those by the official method (dead-stop titration method [The Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health, vol. 2, fifth ed., PRC Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2000, p.720]).