光子晶体微腔中高偏振单偶极模的研究

三角晶格排列的光子晶体微腔中的偶极模式是简并的,通过改变其晶格的对称性可以消除模式简并.晶格的整体形变破坏了晶格对称性从而影响光场的分布,同时还改变了电磁场的偏振分布.晶格整体形变使得简并的偶极模式分离成x极和y极偶极模式.通过计算分析发现分离后的模式具有良好的偏振特性,从而为实现单偏振光子晶体激光器提供了一种很好的途径.文中针对光子晶体薄板结构的微腔,主要计算了偶极模中x极偶极模式在不同拉伸时以及不同填充因子情况下的Q值,并分别计算了x关键词： 光子晶体 偶极模 品质因子 偏振度     

偶极子位置及偏振对激发光子晶体H1微腔的影响

光子晶体微腔和量子点的集成是实现量子信息处理非常具有潜力的平台之一,利用微腔和量子点的耦合可以制备纠缠光子对,实现对量子态的操控.因为光子晶体微腔具有品质因子高、模场体积小等优点,可以极大地增强光与物质之间的相互作用,从而易于实现量子态在不同物理体系之间的转换.通过单量子点和光子晶体H1微腔的耦合可以产生纠缠光子对,因为H1微腔具有简并的、模式偏振正交的基态模式.通常微腔模式的激发随着量子点在微腔中的位置变化而改变,本文用时域有限差分方法研究了偶极子光源的位置及偏振对激发光子晶体H1微腔模式的影响.结果表明:通过改变偶极子光源位置可以选择性地激发H1微腔简并模式中的一个;具有某一偏振的偶极子光源只能激发相应偏振的微腔模式;模式激发强度的大小也是由偶极子光源在微腔中的位置决定的.鉴于目前量子点在微腔中的位置尚不能精确控制,所以微腔模式受激发光源位置的影响的研究具有重要意义.     

Multiple polarization of geodesic curvature induced modes

Dispersion relations for geodesic acoustic modes are derived by using the Grad hydrodynamic equations thereby reconciling long known but not previously explained discrepancy between the results of kinetic and fluid calculations. Extended fluid theory allows a simple analysis of mode polarization and coupling. A new type of electromagnetic modes induced by geodesic compressibility is predicted. These modes are related to Alfvén and geodesic acoustic modes. While a standard geodesic acoustic mode involves poloidally and toroidally symmetric perturbations of electrostatic potential (m=n=0) and the first poloidal side-bands of plasma pressure, new modes involve side-bands of the electrostatic and vector potential as well as pressure perturbations at zeroth and second harmonics. It is shown that there exist two different values of the adiabatic constant depending on the mode polarization. Both standard (electrostatic) geodesic acoustic modes and new electromagnetic modes involve finite perturbations of parallel viscosity, which modify an effective adiabatic (compressibility) index for a toroidal plasma.     

TM610高次模圆柱谐振腔的模拟研究

 根据电磁场理论设计了S波段TM610高次模圆柱谐振腔。运用HFSS，ISFELD3D， CST-MS及MAFIA软件计算了该谐振腔中TM₆₁₀及其附近模式的电磁场分布、谐振频率及模式间隔。计算表明：TM₆₁₀模式的电磁场集中在漂移管头周围的区域，谐振腔中心处无电磁场分布。根据TM₆₁₀模式的特点，采取了在腔中心放置铁氧体微波吸收材料的方法来抑制杂模。HFSS模拟表明：腔内吸收材料可消除TM₅₁₀模式外大部分杂模的影响。采用了在主谐振腔外加耦合吸收腔的方法来抑制TM₅₁₀模式，该吸收腔基模TM₀₁₀的谐振频率等于TM₅₁₀的谐振频率。模拟表明：TM₅₁₀模式的大部分能量可以被吸收腔内的铁氧体材料衰减掉，Q值从15 604下降到571。     

Goos-Hänchen induced vector eigenmodes in a dome cavity

We demonstrate numerically calculated electromagnetic eigenmodes of a 3D dome cavity resonator that owe their shape and character entirely to the Goos-H?nchen effect. The V-shaped modes, which have purely TE or TM polarization, are well described by a 2D billiard map with the Goos-H?nchen shift included. A phase space plot of this augmented billiard map reveals a saddle-node bifurcation; the stable periodic orbit that is created in the bifurcation corresponds to the numerically calculated eigenmode, dictating the angle of its 'V.' A transition from a fundamental Gaussian to a TM V mode has been observed as the cavity is lengthened to become nearly hemispherical.     

回旋管光子带隙谐振腔冷腔电磁模式分析

利用二维三角格子金属光子带隙谐振腔代替回旋管的传统柱形谐振腔,并对腔体进行了TE波模式的计算与分析.综合考虑腔体内外的结构特征,给出了光子带隙谐振腔冷腔模式理论的研究方法,发现腔内存在单模工作的可能与条件以及非角对称情况下的电磁模式分布特征.研究结果表明,利用光子带隙谐振腔代替回旋管的传统腔体,可使回旋管在不受腔体横向尺度限制的条件下实现单模工作.这对于提高回旋管的功率容量、有效实现高次单模与高次回旋谐波耦合条件下的注-波互作用、降低工作磁场并从物理上根本改变回旋管的工作状态提供了理论依据. 关键词： 回旋管 金属光子带隙 谐振腔     

Singular and Hypersingular Integral Equations Techniques for Gyrotron Coaxial Resonators with a Corrugated Insert

For the first time rigorous theory is developed for eigen traveling TM modes in the resonator of the coaxial cavity gyrotron with a corrugated insert. This mathematical model can be applied for any corrugation parameters and wavelengths. Gyrotron simulation software is developed and allows to calculate mode eigenvalues, electromagnetic field components and Ohmic losses for eigen TE and TM modes. Results of the numerical investigations are presented for the ITER relevant 170 GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron developed in Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany.     

场分析法与阻抗叠加方法在速调管输出腔间隙阻抗计算中的应用

 从分析速调管输出回路的电磁场分量入手,结合微波电路理论,提出了计算速调管输出回路间隙阻抗的场分析法。对于在谐振模式交叠频带上,群聚电子束电流同时与各模式的阻抗相作用,总阻抗是各模式阻抗的代数叠加的情况,提出了阻抗叠加方法。该方法原则上可求解任意给定间隙电阻所对应的间隙电抗值。计算表明,场分析法与等效间隙阻抗法计算结果最大相对误差为1.5％,阻抗叠加方法计算结果与冷测数据最大相对误差为10％。分析表明,多个谐振模式的引进是速调管输出腔加载滤波器展宽频带的物理实质。     

Bragg-induced orbital angular-momentum mixing in paraxial high-finesse cavities

Numerical calculation of vector electromagnetic modes of plano-concave microcavities reveals that the polarization-dependent reflectivity of a flat Bragg mirror can lead to unexpected cavity field distribution for nominally paraxial modes. Even in a rotationally symmetric resonator, certain pairs of orbital angular momenta are necessarily mixed in an excitation-independent way to form doublets. A characteristic mixing angle is identified, which even in the paraxial limit can be designed to have large values. This correction to Gaussian theory is of zeroth order in deviations from paraxiality. We discuss the resultant nonuniform polarization fields. Observation will require small cavities with sufficiently high Q. Possible applications are proposed.     

Mode interaction through amplitudes and phases in a two-modegyrotron oscillator

An analysis is made of temporal evolution of electromagnetic modes in a two-mode gyrotron oscillator characterized by phase and amplitude interaction through the terms linear in the oscillator power. The problem is solved in the context of amplitudes and phases which vary slowly compared with the period of oscillation. Specific reference is made to competition between TE_11q modes in a closed cavity gyrotron. Qualitative features which are found include phase locking, beat frequencies, periodic pulling, and mode excitation. This work has applicability when the frequency separation between the modes is on the order of the frequency bandwidth of each mode, or the modes are equally spaced in frequency. Gyrotrons of this type include those with low-quality-factor modes or degenerate modes. Phase interaction in the case of equally spaced cavity modes is of importance in analyzing mode-locking phenomena     

Azimuthal surface waves at the plasma-metal boundary in a nonuniform toroidal magnetic field

The propagation of electromagnetic surface waves with extraordinary polarization across the circular axis of a metal ring in a magnetized plasma is studied using perturbation theory. The amplitude of the fundamental mode of these waves is determined to within second-order terms, and the amplitudes of the nearest satellite modes are found correct to first-order terms. The correction to the eigenfrequency that comes from the nonuniformity of a constant toroidal magnetic field is shown be a second-order quantity.     

Cavity design and linear analysis of 225 GHz frequency-quadrupling gyroklystron

This paper considers the frequency-quadrupling three-cavity gyroklystrons with successive frequency-doubling in each cavity. The cavities of 225~GHz frequency-quadrupling gyroklystron are designed with the scattering matrices method and the possible operating mode are discussed. With the point-gap theory, the starting currents of the possible operating modes and the potential parasitic modes in the output cavity are calculated. The optimal operating mode is proposed under consideration of the mode competition and the power capacity of the cavity.     

Investigation about the modes in the cylindrical cavity of an ECR ion source

Both theoretical and numerical electromagnetic analyses about the modes inside the cylindrical cavity of superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source (SERSE) have been performed. Modes close to 14, 18 and 28 GHz frequencies, usually employed in SERSE operating conditions, have been calculated in vacuum and when the chamber is filled with a uniform non-collisional plasma at different electron densities. To consider the holes present in the chamber flanges, a numerical approach has been used, by means of the HFSS^TM electromagnetic simulator, for the first mode in the cavity. Modes in a plasma-filled cylindrical cavity with holed bases have full width half maximum bandwidths larger with regard to the closed cavity in vacuum, and it leads to an increased mode frequency overlap. A monochromatic electromagnetic wave feeding this cavity can, in principle, excite different modes. Further investigations about the coupling between the SERSE cavity and its feeding waveguides have to be performed.     

Switchable dual-wavelength Erbium-doped fiber ring laser with cascaded fiber Bragg gratings

We have experimentally shown wavelength mode switching in a dual-wavelength Erbium-doped single cavity fiber laser where the initial two wavelengths of 1 nm spacing are determined by the cascaded reflection type short-period fiber Bragg gratings having two different centre wavelengths of 1550.5 and 1551.5 nm. The lasing mode depends on the polarization in the ring cavity to migrate from one wavelength to another or operates in both modes in a polarization beam splitter output. To effectively control the polarization in the ring cavity, the polarization controllers were positioned before and after the polarization beam splitter. This method of wavelength switching provides a simple way of mode tuning in dual-wavelength fiber lasers.     

Polarization switching in a quasi-isotropic microchip Nd:YAG laser induced by optical feedback

This paper demonstrates the influence of external optical feedback on the polarization state of longitudinal modes in quasi-isotropic microchip Nd:YAG lasers. Under optical feedback, the polarization state of longitudinal modes in quasi-isotropic lasers relies strongly on the intracavity anisotropy loss and mode competition. When the intracavity anisotropy loss is small, external optical feedback can cause polarization switching and strong mode competition between two orthogonal linearly polarized eigenstates of one laser longitudinal mode, which leads to the distortion of laser intensity modulation waveform. The polarization switching is independent of the initial external cavity length. By increasing the intracavity anisotropy loss, one polarization eigenstate can be suppressed and the laser works in single-polarization state. A theoretical analysis based on the compound cavity model is presented, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. The results offer guidance to the development of laser feedback interferometers.     

Analysis of CV mode selected resonator based on vectorial eigenvector method

The vectorial eigenvector method was applied to compute the cylindrical vector(CV) modes of polarization-dependent resonators and multiple modes in the CV mode selected resonator were tracked. Then, the mode characteristics of CV mode selected resonator depending on the Fresnel number, geometry parameters, and polarization parameters were simulated.When the difference in reflection coefficient between radial and azimuthal polarization is greater than 0.021 for spherical semi-confocal cavity, the radially polarized TM01*mode most probably appears in the resonator due to its lowest loss,which is consistent with an azimuthal polarization-selective resonant cavity. Moreover, the appropriate phase shift factor contributes to suppress non-rotationally symmetrical modes, which promotes the selection of CV modes. The Fresnel number between 2 and 2.5 are the appropriate range of values when the value of geometry parameters g2 is 0.5, both of which decide the effective Fresnel number.     

Dynamics of the collective spontaneous emission of two three-level atoms in a cavity

Based on the master equation for the density matrix, the collective spontaneous emission of two A-type three-level atoms interacting with two modes of a quantum electromagnetic field in a finite-Q cavity is studied. The evolution of the emission intensity for each mode is found for the case where both atoms are initially in the excited state.     

平面波照射下开孔矩形腔体的电磁耦合与屏蔽效能研究

基于Bethe小孔耦合理论和腔内电磁场的本征模展开, 建立了平面波照射下开孔矩形腔体电磁场分布的近似解析模型. 该模型物理意义清晰, 可以考虑开孔的形状、 尺寸、 个数及位置和入射波的传播与极化方向等参数的影响. 该模型的计算结果优于传统的等效电路方法, 与实验结果的一致性更好. 计算分析了相关因素对电磁屏蔽效能的影响规律, 所得结果对电磁屏蔽腔体的设计有指导意义.     

Zeeman双频激光器频率分裂与纵模间隔变动一致性分析

激光谐振腔内相位各向异性会引起频率分裂,两分裂模的频差大小由表现出的相位延迟所决定.对于腔内相位延迟较小的He-Ne激光器,两分裂模很接近,处于烧孔重叠区,存在模式竞争而不能同时振荡,形成隐频率分裂.同时,使得激光器两正交偏振方向上的相邻级纵模产生固定的变动量,其大小等于隐频率分裂量的2倍.如果沿激光偏振方向施加横向磁场,Ne原子谱线发生横向Zeeman分裂,增益原子分成两群,分别为平行于磁场和垂直于磁场方向偏振的光提供增益,大大减弱模竞争,使得激光器的两分裂模可同时振荡并测得频差.在谐振腔内放入倾斜的石英晶体片或半波片,由两种方法分别测量频率分裂量并进行比较.实验表明两种方法测量的结果均与理论计算相符,平均相对偏差不超过1%.据此可以准确得到Zeeman双频激光器的频差大小,并为半波片测量提供了新方法.     

Communication modes in vector diffraction

The communication modes, which mathematically correspond to singular value decomposition, have proven a useful concept in optical scalar-field diffraction, with applications in resolution studies, image synthesis, and wave propagation. For optical near-field geometries the communication modes have to be extended to electromagnetic field accounting for the polarization properties. In this paper we present the vector-valued communication modes method based on the rigorous electric-field diffraction integral. As a special case the transverse-electric scalar field modes are obtained. The intensity and polarization properties of the leading electromagnetic communication modes in near-field arrangements with rectangular apertures are discussed in terms of the Stokes parameters. For small separations between the transmitting and receiving apertures the fundamental mode possesses a ring-shaped hollow structure. The polarization properties of the near-field modes show features on spatial scales smaller than the wavelength of light. The system symmetries lead to degenerate communication modes.