Oxygen gas optrode based on microstructured polymer optical fiber segment

In this article, we first propose a novel type of oxygen gas optrode by forming fluorophore doped sensing film in the array microholes with the characteristics of microstructured optical fiber (MOF) segment. Comparing with the conventional O₂ detecting method, this slender shaped optrode shows potential in trace amount of O₂ sensing and online O₂ monitoring. Organical silicate gel or plastified cellulose acetate are chosen as sensing films and tris (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenathroline) ruthenium(II) dichloride ([Ru(dpp)₃]Cl₂) or meso-tetraphenylporphyin (TPP) as quenching fluorophores. From the experimental results, we find [Ru(dpp)₃]²⁺-Gel-MOF optrode has favorable sensing characteristics, and the Stern-Volmer plots are linear in the full concentration range of O₂ (0-100% v/v). The ratio of I₀/I₁₀₀, where I₀ and I₁₀₀ respectively represents the fluorescence intensities of the optrode exposed to 100% N₂ and 100% O₂, as a sensitivity of the optrode is 10.8. Simultaneously, the optrode can make a quick response within 50 ms.     

Cellulose acetate polymer film modified microstructured polymer optical fiber towards a nitrite optical probe

A novel microstructured polymer optical fiber (MPOF) probe for nitrites (NO₂⁻) detection was made by forming rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G)-doped cellulose acetate (CA) on the side wall of array holes in a MPOF. It was found that the MPOF probe only have a response to nitrites in a certain concentration of sulfuric acid solution. The calibration graph of fluorescence intensity versus nitrites concentration was linear in the range of 2.0 × 10^− 4 g/ml-5.0 × 10^− 3 g/ml. The method possesses ease of chemical modification, low cost design, and potential for direct integration with existing instrumentation, and has been applied to the determination of nitrites in real samples with satisfactory results.     

Highly nonlinear layered spiral microstructured optical fiber

A layered spiral microstructured optical fiber (LS-MOF) is presented, which offers the possibility of a good control of both the dispersion and the nonlinear properties. The proposed design is analyzed using a finite element method considering silica and air as the materials. Zero dispersion, low confinement loss, and a record value of γ = 70.0 W^?1/km for the LS-MOF nonlinear parameter are simultaneously obtained at 1.55 μm, whereas a higher value γ = 169.4 W^?1/km can be achieved at 1.06 μm. Our results demonstrate the great potential of the LS-MOF for several nonlinear applications, namely for an efficient generation of the supercontinuum.     

A novel ultrahigh birefringent hole-assistant microstructured optical fiber with low confinement loss

A novel hole-assistant microstructured optical fiber with a rectangle-like core and four elliptical holes as cladding is proposed. By employing a full-vector finite element method, the modal birefringence and confinement loss are numerically investigated, and the results show that in such a structure, an ultrahigh modal birefringence of 2.91×10⁻² and a low confinement loss (<1 dB/km) can be simultaneously obtained at excited wavelength of 1.55 μm. It is significant that such a microstructured optical fiber is easily fabricated with its simple structure and exhibits improved performance.     

Sol-gel matrix modified microstructured optical fibre towards a fluoride sensitive optical probe

In this article, we report an optical fluoride probe based on microstructured polymer optical fibers (MPOFs) which is modified with morin-Al complex doped silica gel film. This probe is fabricated by sol-gel fluxion coating process. Sol solution doped with morin-Al is directly inhaled into array holes of MPOF and then forms morin-Al-gel matrix film in them. The sensing probe shows different fluorescence intensity to different fluoride ion concentrations in the aqueous solution. The range of response is 5-50 mmol/L, under the condition of pH 4.6.     

基于磁流体填充微结构光纤的温度特性研究

利用毛细现象将磁流体完全填充到六角形微结构光纤的空气孔中, 分析了磁流体填充长度、浓度对其传导特性的影响. 结合磁流体独特的热光效应, 并对一定浓度、长度下填充的光纤进行了温度特性的研究. 结果表明, 随着温度的升高, 透射谱1460 nm处磁流体的吸收峰逐渐变浅. 基于磁流体载液与表面活性剂对温度的不同敏感性, 吸收峰左右两个边沿表现出不同的温度响应; 在波长为1100–1700 nm之间透射损耗与温度变化成线性关系, 对于填充长度为10 cm的微结构光纤, 敏感度达到0.06 dB/℃, 且液体填充长度越长, 灵敏度越高. 该研究将微结构光纤与磁流体材料有机地结合起来, 并利用填充材料自身的热光特性, 实现了对透射谱的单边调谐, 将其作为热光可调谐器件、滤波器等相关可调谐光子器件在光通信、 光传感等领域将具有很大的应用潜力. 因此, 基于材料填充微结构光纤的研究可为探索新型全光纤光子器件的新技术和新结构提供有效的方法. 关键词： 微结构光纤 磁流体 热光效应 温度传感     

Design of Topas microstructured fiber with ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion and high birefringence

A microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF) with both ultra-flattened near-zero chromatic dispersion and high birefringence based on Topas cyclic olefin copolymer is designed. Three rings of uniform elliptical air holes are arranged in triangular lattice in the cladding and an extra small defected hole is introduced in the fiber core. Guided modes, dispersion, birefringence and mode confinement properties of the designed mPOF are investigated by using the full-vector finite element method. Dispersion values between ± 0.5 ps/km/nm over the wavelength 1.1-1.7 μm and high birefringence of the order of 10⁻³ are obtained for the optimized fiber structure. Low confinement losses and small effective mode area are obtained at the same time. The relatively simple architecture of the proposed Topas mPOF can be fabricated by our extrusion-stretching techniques.     

新型光学聚合物——Topas环烯烃共聚物微结构光纤的设计及特性分析

以新型光学聚合物Topas 环烯烃共聚物（折射率为1.53）为基质,设计了四种微结构聚合物光纤.应用有限元方法对各种光纤在波长0.5—2.0 μm范围内的基模有效折射率、模场面积和数值孔径进行了计算.研究了结构参数对模场分布、单模特性和色散特性的影响.得出了具有极大/小模场面积、无限单模传输和平坦近零色散的光纤结构参数.与石英、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基质的微结构光纤相比,该光纤具有更大的数值孔径和较宽的平坦近零色散范围.为光纤的制备提供了理论指导. 关键词： 微结构聚合物光纤 有限元方法 传输特性 Topas 环烯烃共聚物     

利用光纤传感器测定金属的线胀系数

将反射式光纤位移传感器应用于固体线膨胀系数测定仪,可以较精确地测定金属线胀系数.     

热可调液晶填充微结构聚合物光纤设计及特性分析

通过在微结构聚合物光纤(mPOF)的包层空气孔中填充液晶材料获得了高度热可调的带隙型mPOF. 带隙随温度的增加发生显著的蓝移, 带隙上边界的温度灵敏度可达-5.5 nm/℃. 采用全矢量有限元方法对模场特性以及基模有效模场面积的分析结果表明, 该填充液晶的mPOF在带隙的中心波长附近具有大的有效模场面积, 和相同结构未填充液晶的mPOF连接时具有较高的功率耦合效率. 研究结论为mPOF在温度传感领域的应用及各种可调光纤器件的制备提供了理论参考.     

微结构聚合物光纤中高双折射可调效应研究

通过在纤芯附近引入两个直径较大的空气孔诱导纤芯局部双折射,在包层减小x方向的孔间隔诱导包层双折射,设计实现了一种高双折射随波长可调效应的微结构光纤.采用全矢量平面波方法,以聚合物甲基丙烯酸甲酯为基材,对其偏振特性和基模模场进行了研究.结果发现,该光纤基模双折射在光通信波段呈现两个最大值,且最大双折射大小和位置随光纤结构和波长的变化可以进行调节.通过调节光纤结构参数,模拟得到了该光纤具有高双折射和零偏振模色散的最佳设计参数. 关键词： 导波与光纤光学 双折射可调 聚合物 全矢量平面波法     

A fully vectorial effective index method to analyse the propagation properties of microstructured fiber

Based on numerical simulation, we theoretically study the linear and nonlinear properties of microstructured fiber. Using the fully vectorial effective index method, we calculate the effective refractive index for different air hole size. We show how the linear properties such as spot size, numerical aperture, splice loss and bend loss can be controled by changing the air hole size. We also propose the same method for analysing effective area and self-phase modulation of microstructured fiber for different designing parameters. We compare all our results with other numerical methods.     

二氧化钛修饰的微结构聚合物光纤预制棒制备及其在光催化中应用的探索研究

首次用二氧化钛(TiO₂)纳米材料修饰的547孔微结构聚合物光纤(MPOF)二次预制棒作为阵列化微管式光催化反应器对亚甲基兰的光催化分解进行研究.将高光催化活性的P25型二氧化钛纳米粒子均匀分散在TiO₂溶胶中,对547孔微结构聚合物光纤孔洞内壁进行铺膜,得到了负载光催化剂的阵列化微管材料.该TiO₂MPOF有序复合的阵列化微管不仅对二氧化钛纳米粒子起到负载作用,还可以作为光波导介质(rolling-up薄膜波导,聚光、导光进入二氧化钛薄膜层)、污染物反应流体通道.以有机染料亚甲基兰为模拟污染物,研究了TiO₂负载量、亚甲基兰的初始浓度及溶液pH值等因素对光降解效果的影响.该反应器547个孔道的内表面用于负载光催化剂,不仅增加了固-液接触面积,也提高了光的吸收效率,从而提高了光催化效率.迄今为止,这种兼具导光、聚光、传质、负载功能于一体的光催化反应器还未见报道.     

Soliton switching and propagation in two-core nonlinear fiber coupler with high order coupling coefficient

We use the variational approach (VA) and the split-step Fourier transforms (SSFT) to study the transmission and switching characteristics inside the fiber nonlinear directional coupler (NDLC). The results, based on the VA, indicate that the second-order coupling coefficient dispersion and initiative chirp all reduce the coupling length, and the second-order coupling coefficient dispersion makes the switching characteristics become sharper and threshold power become bigger under the case of not having initiative chirp. The outcomes, based on the SSFT, indicate that the first order intermodal dispersion coefficient make optical pulses splitting in the propagation of fundamental solitons, and the second-order coupling coefficient dispersion reduces the coupling length, sharpens the switching characteristics and increases the switching threshold power, the results agrees well with those from the VA.     

高精度的光纤衰减系数测试系统的设计

利用常规仪器设备，设计了一套集光、机、电为一体的光纤衰减测量,实现了数字化监测显示，并可与微机接口；采用双光路法，消除了由于光源光强不稳定产生的误差。     

Structural and wavelength dependence of mode power distribution for a broadband dispersion compensating microstructured fiber

Approximate empirical analysis of mode power distribution (MPD) carried by the fundamental mode is newly investigated based on a broadband dispersion compensating microstructured fiber (MF). The fraction of modal power in the core region, η, is defined with the help of extending the applicability of well-established classical optical fiber theories to MFs. In doing so, the influences of structural parameters and wavelength on MPD characteristics of the fundamental mode are systematically analyzed in detail based on simple physically consistent concepts of conventional fibers. As a result, it is shown that for the optimum MF design in Ref. [11] as a multimode fiber, when the number of guiding modes increases, the mode power ratio of the fundamental mode constantly increases from 69.4%; in addition, we find that as wavelength increases within 1.2-1.6 μm, mode power confinement ability of the fundamental mode is lessened for single-mode propagation, whereas for multimode propagation it becomes enhanced.     

Three-dimensional FDTD method for optical pulse propagation analysis in microstructured optical fibers

We propose a three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to analyze the pulse propagation characteristics in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). The computation domain size is greatly reduced by adopting the technique of moving problem space. The propagating pulse is virtually held in the buffer cell of the problem space as simulation continues. This method is capable to investigate the temporal evolution of the propagating pulse. Spectral information can be obtained by Fourier analysis. As an example, the influence of the kerr nonlinearity on the optical pulse propagation in a Lorentz dispersive MOF is demonstrated. The model is also used to simulate the nonlinear interactions between the pump spectral broadening and third harmonic generations in a highly nonlinear fused silica nanowire with good agreement with the generalized nonlinear envelop equation (GNEE) model.     

Development of single mode fiber coupling coefficient using kinetic model

We propose a simple kinetic model that can be used to improve the coupling coefficient value of a single mode fiber coupler in the fabrication process. The proposed model is time independent, where the internal and external parametric functions are included. The simulation is integrated over the coupling ratio range for the various fiber separations. The coupling coefficient value of the device is examined by using the coupling ratio range from 1% to 75%. The result obtained is compared with the experimental results, where it is noted that the separation of fiber cores significantly affects the coupling coefficient, exhibiting exponential behavior. We also found that the coupling coefficient gradient is significantly changed with respect to the coupling ratio. This model can be used to determine power losses of the fiber coupler at the coupled region, while the fabrication of the fiber coupler is operated.     

半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性

 利用光路追踪程序，对于不同光纤参数条件下半椭球形和子弹头形光纤传感探头的耦合特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：对于半椭球形探头，当长短轴之比在1.15和1.3附近时存在一个耦合最佳结构；而对于子弹头形探头，仅变成圆形时为最佳。这两种探头容易制作，半椭球形探头的耦合效率高于子弹头形。     

Design theory and experiment of acousto-optical tunable filter by use of flexural waves applied to thin optical fiber

Spectral response of acoustically induced microbending through thin optical fiber is discussed from mode-coupling of core and cladding modes. The thin fiber is analyzed in three-layered structure (core-cladding-air) to gain insights into acousto-optic modulation. We explained the dependence of core and/or cladding diameters on acoustic source parameters from numerical calculations. According to the calculations, we successfully fabricated all-optical tunable filter using this thin fiber that yields an efficient mode-coupling at flexural wave frequencies less than 1MHz. To increase the acousto-optic effect, we used a specially designed thin optical fiber (80 μm of cladding diameter) in the section where flexural wave is produced, and spliced both ends of the thin fiber to the tapered 125 μm fibers. The frequency and voltage tuning of fabricated filter is also confirmed by changing the driven frequency and applied voltage of the PZT, respectively. This result suggests a possibility of fiber-optic device application as all-optical tunable filter at 1.55 μm.