单模光纤中基于交叉相位调制的压缩脉冲对产生

基于波长位于反常色散区强泵浦脉冲的交叉相位调制,通过对波长位于正常色散区的弱脉冲在单模光纤中的传输进行数值模拟,得出了一种压缩脉冲的新方法.计算结果表明,在零色散波长位于弱脉冲波长和泵浦脉冲波长中间附近的情况下,交叉相位调制(XPM)与群速度色散(GVD)的共同作用能使弱脉冲演化成比其初始宽度窄得多的脉冲对.同时我们还发现,泵浦脉冲的相对于信号脉冲初始峰值功率愈高,初始相对宽度越小,所得弱脉冲的压缩比和压缩后脉冲峰值功率愈高,压缩到最窄时所需光纤长度越短.最后对基于这一压缩的物理机制作了详尽的分析.     

Nonlinear tunneling of optical soliton in 3 coupled NLS equation with symbolic computation

We investigated the soliton solution for N$N$ coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (CNLS) equations. These equations are coupled due to the cross-phase-modulation (CPM). Lax pair of this system is obtained via the Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur (AKNS) scheme and the corresponding Darboux transformation is constructed to derive the soliton solution. One and two soliton solutions are generated. Using two soliton solutions of 3 CNLS equation, nonlinear tunneling of soliton for both with and without exponential background has been discussed. Finally cascade compression of optical soliton through multi-nonlinear barrier has been discussed. The obtained results may have promising applications in all-optical devices based on optical solitons, study of soliton propagation in birefringence fiber systems and optical soliton with distributed dispersion and nonlinearity management.     

Subpicosecond pulse compression in nonlinear photonic crystal waveguides based on the formation of high-order optical solitons

We investigate by numerical simulation the compression of subpicosecond pulses in two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal (PC) waveguides. The compression originates from the generation of high-order optical solitons through the interplay of the huge group-velocity dispersion and the enhanced self-phase modulation in nonlinear PC waveguides.Both the formation of Bragg grating solitons and gap solitons can lead to efficient pulse compression. The compression factors under different excitation power densities and the optimum length for subpicosecond pulse compression have been determined. As a compressor, the total length of the nonlinear PC waveguide is only ten micrometres and therefore can be easily incorporated into PC integrated circuits.     

单模光纤中基于暗孤子交叉相位调制的亮脉冲压缩

对单模光纤正群速色散区中基于暗孤子交叉相位调制的亮脉冲压缩进行了定量计算和详细分析，结果表明，亮脉冲的压缩程度与昱孤子相对于亮脉冲的初始峰值功率有关，初始相对峰值功率愈高，亮脉冲的压缩比和压后的峰值功率愈高，同时所需的光纤长度愈短，对于给定的初始条件，光纤长度存在一最佳值，在最佳长度处，压缩后的亮脉冲峰值功率最高，宽度最窄。     

Soliton formation in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers

The formation of solitons upon compression of linearly chirped pulses in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers is investigated numerically. The dependence of soliton duration on the chirp and power of the input pulse and on the dispersion slope of the fiber is investigated, and the validity of an approximate scaling relation is tested. It is concluded that compression of input pulses of several ps duration and sub-MW peak power can lead to a formation of solitons with ∼100 fs duration and multi-megawatt peak powers. The dispersion slope of realistic hollow-core fibers appears to be the main obstacle for forming still shorter solitons.     

Soliton coupling in birefringent optical fiber with third-order dispersion

Nonlinear coupling of polarized solitons in birefringent optical fiber in the presence of third-order dispersion is considered in the framework of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations. The influence of third-order dispersion on the interaction between solitons is investigated. For sufficiently strong third-order dispersion the interaction may even become repulsive. The stable conditions for solitons of partial pulses are analyzed and amplitude threshold, which decreases with third-order dispersion coefficient decreasing, for the capture of solitons of partial pulses into a coupled two-component pulse is obtained.     

Dispersion and nonlinear management for femtosecond optical solitons

We consider the concept of femtosecond propagation for optical solitons in a dispersion management fiber and study the optimal amplification of optical solitons through dispersion wells and barriers and also for the dispersion tailored profile case. For the former, we observed periodic soliton trapping for the in-phase injection case when their respective velocities were equal and opposite with their amplitudes being unequal and no soliton trapping for the off-phase injection case when the two pulses are having a phase difference of π. For the latter, we observed an enormous amplification of the soliton pulses which is one of our main results in this Letter.     

Dark optical solitons in power law media with time-dependent coefficients

This Letter talks about the dynamics of dark optical solitons that are governed by the nonlinear Schrödinger's equation with power law nonlinearity. The solitons are considered in presence of linear attenuation, third order dispersion and self-steepening terms, all with time-dependent coefficients. The solitary wave ansatz is used to carry out the integration and an exact soliton solution is obtained. It is only necessary that these time-dependent coefficients are Riemann integrable.     

Spontaneous formation of indium-rich nanostructures on InGaN(0001) surfaces

We show how a nonlinear system that supports solitons can be driven to generate exact (regular) Cantor set fractals. As an example, we use numerical simulations to demonstrate the formation of Cantor set fractals by temporal optical solitons. This fractal formation occurs in a cascade of nonlinear optical fibers through the dynamical evolution from a single input soliton.     

基于高非线性微结构光纤环镜的脉冲压缩与基座抑制

提出了利用一种高非线性微结构光纤构成非线性光纤环镜（NOLM）进行脉冲压缩和基座抑制的方案.所提出的微结构光纤具有高非线性系数和大反常色散.理论研究了基于这种微结构光纤的NOLM对脉冲的压缩效应,并分析了压缩的机制.数值结果表明,这种NOLM采用较短的光纤长度就能有效地压缩脉冲并明显抑制了基座.对于给定的输入脉冲,存在一个最优的环路长度,可以获得高质量的压缩脉冲.通过适当选择耦合比和环路长度,则可以完全消除脉冲的基座.     

Enhanced Compression of Fundamental Solitons in Dispersion Decreasing Fibers with Negative Third-order Dispersion I.Basic Principles

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Compression of Bright Bound Solitons in the Bose-Einstein Condensates with Exponentially Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length by the Feshbach Resonance

We investigate compression of the bright bound solitons in the Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by exponentially increasing the absolute value of the atomic scattering length. Similarity transformation and Hirota bilinear method are used to symbolically solve the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the time-dependent coefficients. We present types of the bright bound solitons in compression through manipulating their initial coherence. Results show that the improved quantity of the atomic density peaks can be observed before the collapse of the solitons when their coherence is increased. Furthermore, we discuss how those compressed bound solitons are influenced by the adjacent solitons. The bound structures in our study are illustrated to exist with the parameters within the current experimental capacity (the spatial and temporal ranges of the bound solitons are less than 56 μm and 50 ms in our investigation), which suggests a future observation in the BECs experiments.     

色散补偿和色散位移光纤实现光脉冲压缩

根据超短光脉冲在光纤中传输的非线性薛定谔方程，模拟了不同色散参量情况下色散补偿和色散位移光纤对增益开关半导体激光器产生的光脉冲的压缩，给出了光脉冲在经过色散补偿光纤前后的啁啾曲线。结果表明，使用色散参量D分别为-150，-180和-20ps/(nm·km)的色散补偿光纤可以实现其他脉冲压缩方法的压缩效果，最大压缩因子达到6.09，但色散参量越大，所需光纤长度就越短。此外，脉冲经过色散补偿光纤后线性啁啾几乎为零。还利用色散位移光纤对脉冲进行孤子压缩，脉冲宽度由最初的45ps减小到1.23ps。指出采用这2种光纤相结合的方法可以对光脉冲实现高效压缩。     

强双折射光纤中超短光脉冲压缩效应研究

研究了强双折射光纤中沿偏振主轴入射的超短光脉冲压缩效应。当考虑三阶色散效应时，三阶色散与光纤非线相互作用能增强一偏振光脉冲的压缩而抑制另一偏振光脉冲的压缩。正三阶和的强慢孤子压缩，负三阶色散增强快孤子压缩，三阶色散参量越大，脉冲压缩效果越明显。     

Gradient induced motion control of drifting solitary structures in a nonlinear optical single feedback experiment

We realize an absolute position control of drifting dissipative optical solitons by injecting an incoherent amplitude parameter gradient onto the nonlinear optical system. This allows for two-dimensional, arbitrary control patterns. The control of the soliton drift velocity is studied applying a periodic, hexagonally shaped modulation. The guiding of dissipative solitons by one- and two-dimensional parameter modulations is demonstrated. Furthermore, one-dimensional, line-shaped parameter modulations are designed to act as barriers for dissipative solitons, allowing implementations of position selectors for solitons. The interaction of dissipative optical solitons with barriers is studied for different barrier parameters.     

High-energy pulse compression by use of negative phase shifts produced by the cascade chi((2)):chi((2)) nonlinearity

We report a simple optical pulse-compression technique based on quadratic nonlinear media. Negative nonlinear phase shifts are generated by phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation, and the phase-modulated pulses are then compressed by propagation through materials with normal dispersion. Millijoule-energy pulses from a Ti:sapphire amplifier are compressed from 120 to 30 fs, and calculations indicate that compression ratios of >10 are realistically achievable by use of this approach with optimal materials. The insertion loss of the compressor can be less than 10% of the pulse energy, and scaling to higher pulse energies will be straightforward.     

Numerical study on adiabatic compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

In this paper, the compression and amplification of fundamental solitons in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are investigated by using the numerical method. The results show that the unchirped fundamental solitons can be compressed and amplified by selecting an appropriate length of the EDFA when the peak gain of the EDFA is fixed, and the compression and amplification satisfy the adiabatic condition. Furthermore, the fundamental solitons with appropriate positive chirp parameters can be compressed and amplified effectively by selecting an appropriate length of the EDFA, but the pulse compression cannot satisfy the adiabatic condition. Moreover, the compression of the fundamental solitons with negative chirp also cannot satisfy the adiabatic condition, and the compression effects are very poor. Thus, the chirp should be reduced before adiabatic compression using the EDFA.     

Solitary surface acoustic waves and bulk solitons in nanosecond and picosecond laser ultrasonics

Recent achievements of nonlinear acoustics concerning the realization of solitons and solitary waves in crystals and their surfaces attained by nanosecond and picosecond laser ultrasonics are discussed and compared. The corresponding pump-probe setups are described, which allow an all-optical contact-free excitation and detection of short strain pulses in the broad frequency range between 10 MHz and about 300 GHz. The formation of solitons in the propagating longitudinal strain pulses is investigated for nonlinear media with intrinsic lattice-based dispersion. The excitation of solitary surface acoustic waves is realized by a geometric film-based dispersion effect. Future developments and potential applications of nonlinear nanosecond and picosecond ultrasonics are discussed.     

Ultraslow optical solitons in a four-level tripod atomic system

We investigate possible formation and propagation of localized, shape-preserving nonlinear optical pulse in a resonant, lifetime-broadened four-level tripod atomic system via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We prove both analytically and numerically that although in anomalous dispersion regimes near resonance a superluminal optical soliton may appear, such soliton suffers serious absorption. However, by choosing appropriate parameters to make the system work in normal dispersion regimes and within an EIT transparency window, ultraslow optical solitons with very low light intensity can form and propagate stably in the system.