幂群与它的生成群

设г是G上的幂群,即以G的非空子集为元素,在G的子集的运算之下所成的群.P_1,P_2是这样的两个性质 P_1:对任意g∈G,存g∈G,存在A∈г,使得g∈A. P_2:对任意A,B∈г,如果A≠B,则A∩B=φ. 本文得出了群G上的幂群г分别具有性质P_1或P_2的充要条件.     

Generating Infinite Symmetric Groups

Let S = Sym(     

On Generating Discrete Orthogonal Bivariate Polynomials

In this paper we present an algorithm for recursively generating orthogonal bivariate polynomials on a discrete set S ². For this purpose we employ commuting pairs of real symmetric matrices H, K ^n×n to obtain, in a certain sense, a two dimensional Hermitian Lanczos method. The resulting algorithm relies on a recurrence having a slowly growing length. Practical implementation issues an applications are considered. The method can be generalized to compute orthogonal polynomials depending on an arbitrary number of variables.     

Note on Magic Squares and Magic Cubes on Abelian Groups

ＮｏｔｅｏｎＭａｇｉｃＳｑｕａｒｅｓａｎｄＭａｇｉｃＣｕｂｅｓｏｎＡｂｅｌｉａｎＧｒｏｕｐｓＷｅｎＹｉｈｕｉ（ＧａｎｓｕＣｏｌｅｇｅｏｆＥｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ）ＨｕｇｏＳｕｎ（ＣａｌｉｆｏｒｎｉａＳｔａｔｅＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｆｒｅｓｎｏ）Ａｂｓｔｒ...     

Compactifications of Discrete Quantum Groups

Given a discrete quantum group we construct a Hopf -algebra which is a unital -subalgebra of the multiplier algebra of . The structure maps for are inherited from and thus the construction yields a compactification of which is analogous to the Bohr compactification of a locally compact group. This algebra has the expected universal property with respect to homomorphisms from multiplier Hopf algebras of compact type (and is therefore unique). This provides an easy proof of the fact that for a discrete quantum group with an infinite dimensional algebra the multiplier algebra is never a Hopf algebra.Partially supported by Komitet Badań Naukowych grants 2P03A04022 & 2P03A01324, the Foundation for Polish Science and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Convolution-Dominated Operators on Discrete Groups

We study infinite matrices A indexed by a discrete group G that are dominated by a convolution operator in the sense that for x ∈ G and some . This class of “convolution-dominated” matrices forms a Banach-*-algebra contained in the algebra of bounded operators on ℓ ²(G). Our main result shows that the inverse of a convolution-dominated matrix is again convolution-dominated, provided that G is amenable and rigidly symmetric. For abelian groups this result goes back to Gohberg, Baskakov, and others, for non-abelian groups completely different techniques are required, such as generalized L ¹-algebras and the symmetry of group algebras. K. G. was supported by the Marie-Curie Excellence Grant MEXT-CT 2004-517154.     

Homogeneous Deformations of Discrete Groups

A linear deformation of a discrete group G is a special deformation of the group algebra of G resulting in the group algebra of a multivalued group. Basic results on linear deformations are presented. Bibliography: 5 titles.     

Stable Exponents in Discrete Groups

It is known that in a word hyperbolic group the stable exponent of every nontorsion element is an integer. We prove that this is also true in finitely generated nilpotent groups. On the other hand, we show that for any rational number 1 there exists a torsionfree CAT(0) group containing an element whose stable exponent is equal to .     

Band-dominated Fredholm Operators on Discrete Groups

No Abstract.  .     

Riesz Means on Graphs and Discrete Groups

Suppose that Γ is a weighted graph or a discrete group. Let $m_{\alpha,R}(\lambda )=\big(1-\big|\frac{\lambda}{R}\big|\big)_{+}^{\alpha}$ be the Riesz means and let Δ be the discrete Laplacian on Γ. We prove that if D is the homogeneous dimension of Γ then the operator m _α,R (Δ) is bounded on L ^p , provided that $\alpha>D|\frac{1}{p}-\frac{1}{2}|$ .     

Exactness and Uniform Embeddability of Discrete Groups

A numerical quasi-isometry invariant R() of a finitely generatedgroup is defined whose values parametrize the difference between being uniformly embeddable in a Hilbert space and () being exact.     

Discrete $$RP$$ Groups with a Parabolic Generator

We deal with the two-generator subgroups of PSL(2, ?) with real traces of both generators and their commutator. We give discreteness criteria for these groups when at least one of the generators is parabolic. We also present a list of the corresponding orbifolds.     

离散群上的Toeplitz算子代数的顺从性

设(G,G )为一个拟格序群,H为G 的一个可传、定向子集．记GH=G .H-1, 令TGH为相应的Toeplitz算子代数．利用G 的等距协变表示刻画了(G,GH)的顺从性。当 G=G .G -1时,证明了(G,GH)为顺从当且仅当G为顺从．     

Reflection Independence in Even Coxeter Groups

If (W,S) is a Coxeter system, then an element of W is a reflection if it is conjugate to some element of S. To each Coxeter system there is an associated Coxeter diagram. A Coxeter system is called reflection preserving if every automorphism of W preserves reflections in this Coxeter system. As a direct application of our main theorem, we classify all reflection preserving even Coxeter systems. More generally, if (W,S) is an even Coxeter system, we give a combinatorial condition on the diagram for (W,S) that determines whether or not two even systems for W have the same set of reflections. If (W,S) is even and (W,S) is not even, then these systems do not have the same set of reflections. A Coxeter group is said to be reflection independent if any two Coxeter systems (W,S) and (W,S) have the same set of reflections. We classify all reflection independent even Coxeter groups.Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000). 20F05, 20F55, 20F65, 51F15.     

Dunkl Operators for Complex Reflection Groups

Dunkl operators for complex reflection groups are defined inthis paper. These commuting operators give rise to a parameterizedfamily of deformations of the polynomial De Rham complex. Thisleads to the study of the polynomial ring as a module over the‘rational Cherednik algebra’, and a natural contravariantform on this module. In the case of the imprimitive complexreflection groups G(m, p, N), the set of singular parametersin the parameterized family of these structures is describedexplicitly, using the theory of non-symmetric Jack polynomials.2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 20F55 (primary), 52C35,05E05, 33C08 (secondary).     

Discrete Spectrum of Nonstationary Stochastic Processes on Groups

Vector-valued, asymptotically stationary stochastic processes on -compact locally compact abelian groups are studied. For such processes, we introduce a stationary spectral measure and show that it is discrete if and only if the asymptotically stationary covariance function is almost periodic. Using an almost periodic Fourier transform we recover the discrete part of the spectral measure and construct a natural, consistent estimator for the latter from samples of the process.     

Asymptotic Properties of Fibonacci Cubes and Lucas Cubes

It is proved that the asymptotic average eccentricity and the asymptotic average degree of both Fibonacci cubes and Lucas cubes are \({(5+\sqrt{5})/10}\) and \({(5-\sqrt{5}) /5}\) , respectively. A new labeling of the leaves of Fibonacci trees is introduced and it is proved that the eccentricity of a vertex of a given Fibonacci cube is equal to the depth of the associated leaf in the corresponding Fibonacci tree. Hypercube density is also introduced and studied. The hypercube density of both Fibonacci cubes and Lucas cubes is shown to be \({(1-1/\sqrt{5})/ \rm log_ {2}\varphi}\) , where \({\varphi}\) is the golden ratio, and the Cartesian product of graphs is used to construct families of graphs with a fixed, non-zero hypercube density. It is also proved that the average ratio of the numbers of Fibonacci strings with a 0 (a 1, respectively) in a given position, where the average is taken over all positions, converges to \({\varphi^{2}}\) , and likewise for Lucas strings.     

Silver Cubes

An n × n matrix A is said to be silver if, for i = 1,2,...,n, each symbol in {1,2,...,2n − 1} appears either in the ith row or the ith column of A. The 38th International Mathematical Olympiad asked whether a silver matrix exists with n = 1997. More generally, a silver cube is a triple (K _n ^d , I, c) where I is a maximum independent set in a Cartesian power of the complete graph K _n , and is a vertex colouring where, for v ∈ I, the closed neighbourhood N[v] sees every colour. Silver cubes are related to codes, dominating sets, and those with n a prime power are also related to finite geometry. We present here algebraic constructions, small examples, and a product construction. The nonexistence of silver cubes for d = 2 and some values of n, is proved using bounds from coding theory. Luis A. Goddyn: This research was supported by a Canada NSERC Discovery Grant. Ebadollah S. Mahmoodian: Partially supported by the institutes CECM and IRMACS and the departments of Mathematics and Computing Science at Simon Fraser University. Grateful thanks are extended here and also to the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Iran for support in the final stages of this paper.     

Some Combinatorial Results for Complex Reflection Groups

In this paper, we prove that a simple system for a subsystem Ψ of the complex root system Φ can always be chosen as a subset of the positive system Φ⁺of Φ. Furthermore, we show that a set of distinguished coset representatives can be found for every reflection subgroup of the complex reflection groups. The corresponding results for real crystallographic root systems and their reflection groups (i.e., Weyl groups) are well known (see [9]).