两亲性四硫富瓦烯衍生物的合成及其性质研究

二-(1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮-4,5-二硫)合锌酸四乙基铵盐(Zincate盐)分别与溴代十四烷和溴代十八烷在乙腈中回流,合成相应的1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮2a和2b.以亚磷酸三乙酯为偶联剂,其分别和4,5-二氰基乙硫基-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-酮(3)发生交叉偶合反应合成四硫富瓦烯(TTF)衍生物4a和4b.在氢氧化铯的存在下,4a和4b分别与2-碘乙氧基乙醇反应生成含羟基的四硫富瓦烯(TTF)衍生物5a和5b.以三乙胺为缚酸剂,其与对甲基苯磺酰氯反应,生成含活化羟基的TTF衍生物6a和6b.在氢氧化钠的存在下,6a和6b分别与巯基噻二唑反应生成含有疏水长链烷烃和亲水醚键连接的噻二唑两亲性TTF衍生物7a～7d,并对其进行了1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS的表征以及初步电化学行为和Langrnuir-Blodgett膜性能研究.     

新型含取代乙烯基香豆素衍生物的合成及其光学性能

利用Perkin反应和Wittig反应设计并合成了两个新型的香豆素衍生物——3-(4’-溴苯基)-7-(N-辛基-3’-溴咔唑-6’-乙烯基)香豆素(6a)和3-(4’-溴苯基)-7-(4’-甲氧基苯基-1’-乙烯基)香豆素(6b),其结构经UV,1H NMR,IR,MS和荧光光谱表征。研究结果表明,6a和6b具有荧光强度大和Stokes位移(分别为115 nm和122 nm)大的特点。     

萘并吖啶二酮衍生物的合成

6-氯/6-溴-2-氯甲基-3-喹啉甲酸乙酯(1a,b)分别与1-萘酚(2a)和2-萘酚(2b)反应,经"三步一锅法"合成取代的2-萘氧甲基-3-喹啉甲酸衍生物3a-d;在PPA作为闭环试剂、135℃的条件下,经Friedel-Crafts反应得到取代的氧杂卓并[3,4-b]喹啉酮衍生物4a-d;再在碱性条件下发生1,2-Wittig重排和空气氧化生成取代的萘并吖啶二酮衍生物5a-d。所合成的新化合物3a-d,4a-d,5a-d均通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱和高分辨质谱进行结构表征。     

新型5-溴嘧啶衍生物的选择性合成

对甲苯磺酰氯与三甘醇单甲酯完成酯化反应,再与对溴苯酚缩合制得对溴苯基三甘醇单甲醚(3);3与硼酸甲酯完成取代反应、酸解后在Pd(PPh3)4催化下与5-溴-2-碘嘧啶(5)在甲苯中通过Suzuki偶联反应选择性地合成了5-溴-2-对(甲基三甘醇基)苯基嘧啶(1a),收率73%。以1-十二烯和5为主要原料,通过Suzuki偶联反应,一锅法选择性地合成了5-溴-2-十二烷基嘧啶(1b),收率82%。1a和1b未见文献报道,其结构经1HNMR,13C NMR和MS表征。     

四氰乙烯齐聚体的反应;V.全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯和含硫亲核试剂的反应及其衍生物的转化

全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯(1)和含硫亲核试剂如苄硫酚、烯丙硫酚及苯硫酚等的反应及反应产物的转化可得四类异构体2,3,4,5;在-30～-60℃于乙醚中反应,得到动力学控制的产物2a～c.2a,2b与KF在DMF中,室温反应可转化为热力学稳定的产物3a,3b,在100～120℃,2a～c异构化为4a～c.后者在DMF-KF中室温反应,重排成5a～c.在DMF-NEt3中2a再和苄硫粉反应得到连二苄硫醚(6)和含氢的端基烯7a及二取代产物8a,在乙醚-三乙胺中反应得到3a和9a,2a和甲醇反应,可得少量3a和10a,2b和二乙胺反应复杂,仅得少量3b和不饱和酰胺11。     

四氟乙烯齐聚体的反应——Ⅴ.全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯和含硫亲核试剂的反应及其衍生物的转化

全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯(1)和含硫亲核试剂如苄硫酚、烯丙硫酚及苯硫酚等的反应及反应产物的转化可得四类异构体2,3,4,5;在-30～-60℃于乙醚中反应,得到动力学控制的产物2a～c。2a,2b与KF在DMF中,室温反应可转化为热力学稳定的产物3a,3b。在100～120℃,2a～c异构化为4a～c。后者在DMF-KF中室温反应,重排成5a～c。在DMF-NEt_3中2a再和苄硫酚反应得到连二苄硫醚(6)和含氢的端基烯7a及二取代产物8a,在乙醚-三乙胺中反应得到3a和9a。2a和甲醇反应,可得少量3a和10a。2b和二乙胺反应复杂,仅得少量3b和不饱和酰胺11。     

6,6'-取代1,1'-联二萘酚衍生的手性磷酸的合成

1,1'-联二萘酚(1)经溴代反应制得6,6'-二溴-1,1'-联二萘酚(2);2经苄基保护羟基制得2,2'-二苄氧基-6,6'-二溴-1,1'-联二萘(3);3经Ullmann缩合在6,6'-位引入甲氧基制得2,2'-二苄氧基-6,6'-二甲氧基-1,1'-联二萘(4b);3经Kumada偶联反应在6,6'-位引入正己基制得2,2'-二苄氧基-6,6'-二正己基-1,1'-联二萘(4c);4b和4c经还原脱去苄基制得6,6'-位取代1,1'-联二萘酚(5b和5c);2,5b和5c分别与三氯氧磷反应合成了3种1的6,6'-位取代手性磷酸(6a~6c),其结构经1H NMR和31P NMR表征。其中6c为新化合物。     

含有吡咯烷侧链的喹啉衍生物合成研究

本文报道了一类含有吡咯烷侧链的喹啉衍生物的合成方法。以5-甲氧基-2-硝基-4-[3-(吡咯烷-1-基)丙氧基]苯甲酸甲酯(2)为原料,依次经过硝基还原、酯水解、关环三步反应,合成得到目标化合物(1a～1c),并以2-氨基-5-甲氧基-4-[3-(吡咯烷-1-基)丙氧基]苯甲酸(4)与环戊酮(5a)为原料合成9-氯-7-甲氧基-6-[3-(吡咯烷-1-基)丙氧基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]喹啉(1a)的关环反应为模型,考察影响产物1a收率的主要因素,确定该关环反应的最佳条件为：物料比n(5a)∶n(4)=1.6∶1;反应温度100℃;反应时间9 h。最后,以9-氯-7-甲氧基-6-[3-(吡咯烷-1-基)丙氧基]-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(1b)为例,初步探讨目标化合物在衍生化方面的应用,发现该结构母核可用于多种结构新颖的喹啉衍生物的合成。     

Friedlander反应合成2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉及其衍生物

以6-氨基胡椒醛为原料,与邻羟基苯乙酮(2a),4-氯-2-羟基苯乙酮(2b)发生Friedlander缩合反应,得到新的喹啉衍生物2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉(3a)和2-(5-氯-2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉(3b),新的喹啉衍生物3a～3b分别经IR红外光谱,1H NMR核磁共振谱,MS质谱,元素分析予以证实.     

8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素及其衍生物的合成

以2(或4)-氯间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,通过Pechmann缩合反应,合成了新的8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素(1a或1b); 1经硫酸二甲酯甲基化得2a或2b; 以四正丁基溴化铵作相转移催化剂,1经Williamson反应合成了6个新的氯代香豆素衍生物(3a～6a, 3b, 4b),产率66%～92%.1～6的结构经1H NMR, IR和GC-MS表征.     

洞状咪唑环番的合成和晶体结构

由1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(咪唑甲基)苯与1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯直接季铵化反应高产率地合成了洞状咪唑环番3(C30H33N63+*Br－3*3H2 O), 对目标物的分子和晶体结构进行了表征. 该晶体属单斜晶系, 空间群为P21, 晶胞参数： a=0.863 4(2) nm, b=0.817 0(4) nm, c=1.088 4(2) nm, β=112.03(1)°, V=\{1.582 8(6)\} nm3, Z=2, R=0.033 6, F(000)= 780． 溴离子与水分子形成氢键． 分子和晶体结构表明化合物具有选择性识别一些阴离子或中性分子的适宜结构．     

Synthesis and X-ray structure of new spiro-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole

Spiro[5,5]undecane-3-one 1 was converted to 4 ,7-dihydrospiro[benzo[d]thiazole-6(5H),1′-cyclohexane]-2-amine 3 , which is condensed with bromomethyl (halo)phenyl ketones and cyclized to compounds 5a-5c . The X-ray crystallography of the 5b reveals that formation route for 5 is via 3-position-substituted-spiro-iminothiazole 4 .     

Synthesis of Novel Cyclodextrin Trimers

CD trimers (3 and 6) and CD dimers (4 and 7) have been synthesized by reaction of 6-deoxy-6-hydroxyethylamino-β-CD (1) with corresponding 1,3,5-tri(bromomethyl) benzene (2) or 1,3,5-tri (bromomethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene (5) in the presence of base.     

Synthesis of indan-based unusual alpha-amino acid derivatives under phase-transfer catalysis conditions

Conformationally constrained cyclic alpha-amino acid derivatives were synthesized under solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis conditions. This methodology involves the bis-alkylation of ethyl isocyanoacetate with various alpha,alpha'-dibromo-o-xylene derivatives [alpha,alpha'-dibromo-o-xylene 5, 2,3-bis(bromomethyl)-1, 4-dimethoxybenzene 6, 1,2-bis(bromomethyl)-4,5-dibromobenzene 7, 2, 3-bis(bromomethyl)naphthalene 8, 1,8-bis(bromomethyl)-naphthalene 9, 6,7-bis(bromomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1H-phenalene-1,3(2H)-dione 10, 2, 3-bis(bromomethyl)-1,4-anthraquinone 11, 6, 7-bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline 12, 3,4-bis(bromomethyl)furan 13, 1,2, 4,5-tetrakis(bromomethyl)benzene 28, and hexakis(bromomethyl)benzene 30] using potassium carbonate as a base and tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate as a phase-transfer catalyst to give corresponding isonitrile derivatives, which upon hydrolysis with HCl in ethanol gave amino esters. Using this method electron-deficient as well as electron-rich and halogen-substituted indan-based alpha-amino acids were prepared. The preparation of bis-indan as well as tris-indan alpha-amino esters is also described.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Thermally Curable Benzoxazine‐Functionalized Polystyrene Macromonomers

Summary: Thermally curable benzoxazine ring‐containing polystyrene macromonomers were synthesized and characterized. 1,4‐Dibromo‐2,5‐bis(bromomethyl)benzene and 1,4‐dibromo‐2‐(bromomethyl)benzene were used as initiators in the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene. The resulting polymers were used in combination with 3‐aminophenylboronic acid hemisulfate, for a Suzuki coupling. The obtained polymers, with amino groups in the middle or end of the chains, were reacted with formaldehyde and phenol to yield benzoxazine ring‐containing macromonomers. In addition to the glass transition temperature of the polystyrene segment observed at ca. 105 °C, differential scanning calorimetry thermograms exhibit an exotherm at ca. 276 °C corresponding to the oxazine thermal polymerization. Both macromonomers undergo thermal curing with the formation of thermosets having polystyrene segments.

Structure of the benzoxazine‐functionalized polystyrene.     

(Hetero) Arylene Polymers Having Polystyrene Chains as Branches

Summary : Four monomers; 1,4-bis(1-naphthyl) benzene ( 5 and 7 ) and 1,4-bis(2- thienyl)benzene ( 6 and 8 ) containing one or two polystyrene short chains substituted in 2 or 2, 5 positions of central phenylene ring were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction of two polystyrene based macromonomers ( 3 and 4 ) with 1-naphthalene- and 2-thiophene boronic acid, respectively. By chemical oxidative polymerization using FeCl₃ as oxidant, copolymers containing alternating phenylene and binaphthyl ( 9 , 11 ) or phenylene and bithienyl groups ( 10 , 12 ) and polystyrene as side chains have obtained. The exact control of polystyrene branch length was performed by atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene using as initiators 1,4 dibromo-2-(bromomethyl)benzene ( 1 ) and 1,4-dibromo-2,5 di(bromomethyl)benzene ( 2 ). Polymers were characterized by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy and thermal methods.     

Diazonia hexacyclic aromatic systems from bis(bromomethyl)naphthalenes

Starting with the appropriate bis(bromomethyl)naphthalenes, 14a,16a-diazoniaanthra[1,2-a]-anthracene salts ( 6 ), and the 4a,12a- ( 13, 14 ) 4a,8a-( 15 ) and 8a,16a-diazoniadibenzo[b,k]-chrysene ( 16 ) salts have been prepared for the first time.     

A novel N-N bond cleavage reaction of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole derivatives

5-Substituted-4-amino-3-thiol-1, 2, 4-triazoles (1a- b) react with orthonitrochloro- benzene or para-nitrochlorobenzene to give N-N bond cleavage products 2a-d, one structure of which (2b) has been unambiguously confirmed by an X-ray structural analysis.     

Dibromomethyl- and bromomethyl- or bromo-substituted benzenes and naphthalenes: C—Br…Br interactions

The structures of six benzene and three naphthalene derivatives involving bromo, bromomethyl and dibromomethyl substituents, namely, 1,3-dibromo-5-(dibromomethyl)benzene, C₇H₄Br₄, 1,4-dibromo-2,5-bis(bromomethyl)benzene, C₈H₄Br₆, 1,4-dibromo-2-(dibromomethyl)benzene, C₇H₄Br₄, 1,2-bis(dibromomethyl)benzene, C₈H₆Br₄, 1-(bromomethyl)-2-(dibromomethyl)benzene, C₈H₇Br₃, 2-(bromomethyl)-3-(dibromomethyl)naphthalene, C₁₂H₉Br₃, 2,3-bis(dibromomethyl)naphthalene, C₁₂H₈Br₄, 1-(bromomethyl)-2-(dibromomethyl)naphthalene, C₁₂H₉Br₃, and 1,3-bis(dibromomethyl)benzene, C₈H₆Br₄, are presented. The packing patterns of these compounds are dominated by Br…Br contacts and C—H…Br hydrogen bonds. The Br…Br contacts, shorter than twice the van der Waals radius of bromine (3.7 Å), seem to play a crucial role in the crystal packing of all these compounds. The occurrence of Type I and Type II interactions is also discussed briefly, considering the effective atomic radius of bromine, as is their impact on the packing of molecules in the individual structures.     

An efficient and convenient transformation of α-haloketones to α-hydroxyketones using cesium formate

A new safe and convenient transformation has been developed. In the presence of cesium formate in dry MeOH solution, α-haloketones underwent direct conversion reaction to afford α-hydroxyketone in excellent yields. Furthermore, this methodology can be extended and applied in 2-chloro-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)acetamide, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethylphen-yl)acetamide, 1-(bromomethylsulfonyl)benzene, and N-(bromomethyl)phthalimide to give the corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields.