准分子激光拉曼种子源

对准分子激光拉曼种子源进行了深入研究。采用波导型拉曼地增强拉曼转换，并在氢气中掺入一定比分的氦气来控制向各阶斯托克斯光的能量转换。当无掺杂时，获得一阶斯托克斯光的最大转换效率η＿（ｍａｘ）＝３７％。当在氢气中掺入氦气比分为５％时，在泵浦能量范围５０～８０ｍＪ内获得一阶高转换效率（η＇≥９５％η＿（ｍａｘ）），二阶及高阶斯托克斯光的转换受到抑制。对实验结果进行了理论分析。     

355nm Nd∶YAG激光在H_2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd∶YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2∶He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究。在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%)。由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%。通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出。对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论。     

355 nm Nd:YAG激光在H2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd:YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2:He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究.在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%).由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%.通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出.对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论.     

基于空芯光纤中氢气受激拉曼散射的1.7μm光纤激光光源研究

报道了一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤中氢气受激拉曼散射的新型1.7μm光纤激光光源。建立了仅包含泵浦光和一阶斯托克斯光的简单稳态耦合波方程,并进行了仿真计算。采用自制的1550 nm纳秒脉冲光纤放大器,泵浦一段长约3 m、充高压氢气的商用空芯光子晶体光纤,利用氢气分子的转动受激拉曼散射实现了1705 nm斯托克斯波的有效转换。气压为1.2 MPa时,最大平均输出功率约0.5 W(单脉冲能量约为2.5μJ),最大光光转换效率约为32%(相对总的泵浦功率)。研究结果为实现高功率1.7μm波段近红外激光输出提供了一条有效的新途径。     

连续波1.7 μm全光纤气体拉曼激光光源

报道了第一个连续波全光纤气体拉曼激光光源。采用实芯单模光纤与带隙型空芯光纤熔接的方法,制备了长度为50 m、充高压氢气的全光纤结构气体腔,以一个高功率连续波1540 nm光纤放大器为泵浦源,利用氢气分子的纯转动受激拉曼散射有效实现了1693 nm斯托克斯连续激光输出。进一步,通过在气体腔输出端熔接一个中心波长为1540 nm的高反射率光纤布拉格光栅,使得拉曼阈值降低了38.2%,斯托克斯光输出功率最大为2.15 W,腔内拉曼转换效率为72.2%,由于熔接损耗,相对总泵浦光功率的光光转换效率为31.7%。该研究结果为实现高效紧凑的高功率1.7μm光纤激光器提供了一条可行的技术方案。     

碘激光的H2振动受激拉曼阈值研究

首次实现了脉冲光解碘激光作为基频光的氢气振动受激拉曼变频,对碘激光的波长转换有着重要意义。在碘激光单脉冲能量100~130 mJ(脉宽100 ns)的条件下, 采用双次聚焦技术降低了高压氢气的振动受激拉曼变频的阈值,获得了波长为2900 nm中红外激光,光子转化效率最高达到8.7%。实验发现当拉曼介质氢气气压大于1 MPa后,一级斯托克斯光的拉曼转化效率不再随气压变化,并对这一现象进行了理论分析和归属。     

1064nm纳秒激光脉冲激发的外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器

研究了外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器在纳秒脉冲抽运下的输出特性。利用主动调Q的Nd:YAG激光器产生的脉冲宽度为31.4ns,最大输出能量为200mJ的1064nm激光作为抽运源。拉曼激光谐振腔采用的是平凹腔设计。测量了输出的拉曼光脉宽与抽运能量的关系,分析了输出的拉曼光脉冲波形图和光谱图,测量了输出的拉曼光脉冲能量与抽运能量的关系,计算了转换效率与抽运能量的关系。当注入抽运光能量达到42mJ时,得到了一阶斯托克斯光脉冲的最大能量和转换效率分别为10mJ和24%,获得外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器的一阶斯托克斯光脉冲波长为1177.6nm,典型的一阶斯托克斯光脉冲脉宽为20ns。     

单程高增益1.9μm光纤气体拉曼激光器

报道了基于空心光子晶体光纤中氢气分子振动受激拉曼散射(SRS)的单程高增益1.9μm光纤气体激光器。用一个线偏振1064nm亚纳秒脉冲微芯激光器抽运一段长6.5m、充高压氢气的低损耗负曲率空心光纤,实现了到氢气分子一级振动斯托克斯波1907nm的有效转换。气压为2.3MPa时最大能量转换效率大于27%,相应的量子转换效率大于48%,激光平均功率约为10mW,峰值功率大于2000W。为实现高功率、窄线宽、大范围调谐的紧凑型中红外光纤激光器提供了一条潜在的有效途径。     

圆偏振氟化氪激光在氢气中的前向受激喇曼散射

本文研究了圆偏振氟化氪激光在氢气中的前向受激喇曼散射,第一级斯托克斯线的转换效率已达44％。 关键词：     

受激旋转拉曼散射对强紫外激光相位的影响

 利用瞬态受激旋转拉曼散射（SRRS）模型及相位畸变模型，对具有空间相位畸变的强紫外激光束在空气中长程传输的SRRS效应进行了研究。详细讨论了低频和中高频空间相位畸变对SRRS阈值条件、斯托克斯光转换效率、剩余泵浦光和斯托克斯光相位的影响。研究结果表明，泵浦光的初始相位畸变对斯托克斯光相位畸变的影响较剩余泵浦光的更为明显；高频相位畸变对转换效率影响较低频相位畸变更大； SRRS效应阈值随低频相位畸变的增大而减小，随高频相位畸变的增大而增大。     

Subwatt threshold cw Raman fiber-gas laser based on H2-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

We report on what is, to our knowledge, the first cw pumped Raman fiber-gas laser based on a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber filled with hydrogen. The high efficiency of the gas-laser interaction inside the fiber allows operation in a single-pass configuration. The transmitted spectrum exhibits 99.99% of the output light at the Stokes wavelength and a pump power threshold as low as 2.25 W. The study of the Stokes emission evolution with pressure shows that highly efficient Raman amplification is still possible even at atmospheric pressure. The addition of fiber Bragg gratings to the system, creating a cavity at the Stokes wavelength, reduces the Raman threshold power below 600 mW.     

Chirped-pulse four-wave Raman mixing in molecular hydrogen

Four-wave Raman mixing (FWRM) in molecular hydrogen was studied using chirped pump and Stokes pulses emitting at 802 and 1,203 nm, respectively. The group delay dispersion (GDD) of the anti-Stokes pulse was examined employing a frequency-resolved optical gating system at different GDDs of the pump and Stokes pulses (0 or ±1,000 fs²). As a result, the energy and the sign of GDD for the anti-Stokes pulse remained unchanged, when the pump and Stokes pulses had the GDD with the same sign. When the sign was not the same, the energy decreased and only the portion useful for resonant FWRM was converted into a Raman emission. This technique has a potential for use in compensation of dispersion by passing the negatively chirped high-order Raman sidebands through the optics with positive chirps in the spectral region from the deep-ultraviolet to the near-infrared, to generate multiple transform-limited Raman pulses and then to produce an ultrashort optical pulse by a Fourier synthesis of these Raman emissions.     

新型BODIPY荧光染料的合成及光谱性质研究

传统的BODIPY荧光染料具有荧光量子效率高、摩尔消光系数大、紫外吸收和荧光发射峰窄等优点,然而这类荧光染料普遍存在荧光发射波长短和Stokes位移小的缺点,因而限制了它们在体内生物传感及成像方面的广泛应用。为了得到荧光发射波长较长和Stokes位移大的BODIPY荧光染料,以BODIPY母核为基本结构,通过在它的8位连接吸电子性质的酯基来增加分子内电荷转移程度,同时在其3,5位引入供电子的芳香取代基增加分子的π共轭结构,合成得到了一类8位酯基取代的新型BODIPY荧光染料。所得到的新型BODIPY荧光染料的化学结构经过1H NMR, 13C NMR和HR-MS得以确认。光谱测试结果表明,这类染料的紫外吸收光谱(λ_abs=536 nm)和荧光发射光谱(λ_em=592 nm)与普通的BODIPY相比都发生显著红移(80 nm),并且保持了较高的荧光量子效率(Ф=0.43)。此外,这类BODIPY荧光染料的紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱几乎完全分开,Stokes位移长达60 nm,可以有效地避免自吸收和生物样品的背景干扰。密度泛函理论计算结果表明,这种相对较大的Stokes位移主要是由于染料分子在基态和激发态下不同的几何构型所造成的。该类化合物的光物理性能受溶剂的影响小,是一类性能优良的新型荧光染料。细胞成像结果表明,染料1具有良好的细胞渗透性和光稳定性,可以实现对细胞的荧光成像。     

Widely tunable continuous-wave Raman laser in diatomic hydrogen pumped by an external-cavity diode laser

What is to the authors' knowledge the first experimental demonstration of a nonresonant cw Raman laser pumped by a tunable external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) is presented. The ECDL is phase-frequency locked to a high-finesse Raman laser cavity containing diatomic hydrogen (H(2)) by the Pound-Drever-Hall locking technique. The Stokes lasing threshold occurs at a pump power of 400 +/- 30 muW, and a maximum photon conversion efficiency of 12.0 +/- 1.3% is achieved at 1.6 mW of pump power. A 40-nm tuning range of the cw Stokes emission, 1174-1214 nm, is obtained by tuning of the wavelength of the ECDL pump source.     

A coherent light source,widely tunable down to 16 μm by stimulated Raman scattering

An infra-red emission tunable down to 16 μm is produced by a hydrogen Stokes shifted dye laser. The peak power measured at 16 μm is of ca. 50 kW in 2 ns within a one millimeter diameter beam. The corresponding light flux of the order of 5 MW cm^-2 could allow a multi-step vibrational excitation of molecules absorbing down to 16 μm. Simultaneous emissions from the laser and from the previous Stokes bands are available at: 0.76, 1.62, 2.09 μm with respective peak powers of 550, 50 and 20 MW. Spectral widths of 0.8 cm^-1 and of ca. 7 × 10^-2 cm^-1 are obtained for the dye laser and for each of the Stokes band respectively.     

Development of Raman-shifted probe laser beam for plasma diagnosis using polaro-interferometer

Optical diagnostics of laser-produced plasma requires a coherent, polarized probe beam synchronized with the pump beam. The probe beam should have energy above the background emission of plasma. Though the second harmonic probe beam satisfies most of the requirements, the plasma emission is larger at the harmonic frequencies of the pump. Hence, at high intensities we need a probe beam at non-harmonic frequencies. We have set up a Raman frequency shifted probe beam using a pressurized hydrogen cell that is pumped by the second harmonic of the Nd glass laser that operates at only one Stokes line of 673.75 nm.     

Investigation of SRS conversion of XeCl laser emission in lead vapor,methane, and hydrogen

We have thus optimized the conditions for SRS conversion of XeCl-laser emission in lead vapor, methane, and hydrogen. The greatest influence on the conversion efficiency is exerted for an SRS cell with lead by the divergence of the pump radiation, the focusing geometry, and the type of buffer gas. The maximum efficiency with respect to absorbed UV energy was ∼57% when xenon gas was used as the buffer, corresponding to 85% of the photon efficiency. The converted radiation could be continuously tuned in the 457.6–459.3 nm band. Addition of a light gas such as helium or hydrogen to methane raised the efficiency of conversion into Stokes components in methane to ∼24 %.     

Continuous-wave rotational Raman laser in H(2)

A diode-pumped, far-off-resonance cw Raman laser in H(2) with rotational Stokes emission is reported for the first time to our knowledge. The Raman laser can produce single-wavelength emission at either 830 nm (rotational Stokes) or 1180 nm (vibrational Stokes) depending on the frequency tuning of the pump laser. The mirrors for the rotational cw Raman laser are easier to produce; the laser also exhibits a wider continuous tuning range and is less sensitive to thermal effects than the previously studied vibrational Raman laser [Opt. Lett. 26, 426 (2001) and references therein].     

Influence of spontaneous emission and of finite phonon lifetime on Stimulated Raman Scattering

We study the influence of the spontaneous emission and of the damping of the molecular vibrations on Stimulated Raman Scattering in liquids starting from the Heisenberg equations for the laser wave, for the 1. Stokes wave, and for the molecular vibrations. The spontaneous emission is described by fluctuating Langevin forces. In the linearized case the Heisenberg equations are solved analytically. In order to investigate saturation effects the amplitude equations are transformed into generalized rate equations, which are solved numerically. To demonstrate the results they are plotted in several figures, showing the growth and the lineshape of the 1. Stokes wave, the ratio of Stokes photons and phonons and the saturation behaviour of the phonons and the Stokes and laser photons.     

Spectral broadening of continuous-wave monochromatic pump radiation caused by stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fiber

We experimentally show that, when stimulated Brillouin scattering is generated in optical fiber by use of monochromatic cw pump radiation, the transmitted pump radiation exhibits spectral broadening that is much narrower than the classical homogeneous gain-narrowed Brillouin bandwidth. The bandwidth is practically independent of the pump strength, fiber characteristics, and the waveguide-induced inhomogeneously broadened bandwidth of the Stokes emission. We show that these properties arise from strong parametric coupling of the Stokes and pump signals in the pump-depletion region.