Finite time blow up for a Navier-Stokes like equation

We consider an equation similar to the Navier-Stokes equation. We show that there is initial data that exists in every Triebel-Lizorkin or Besov space (and hence in every Lebesgue and Sobolev space), such that after a finite time, the solution is in no Triebel-Lizorkin or Besov space (and hence in no Lebesgue or Sobolev space). The purpose is to show the limitations of the so-called semigroup method for the Navier-Stokes equation. We also consider the possibility of existence of solutions with initial data in the Besov space . We give initial data in this space for which there is no reasonable solution for the Navier-Stokes like equation.

     

Existence and uniqueness for spatially inhomogeneous coagulation equation with sources and effluxes

We prove the local existence theorem for general Smoluchovsky's coagulation equation with coagulation kernels which allow the multiplicative growth. If the system concerned has absorption, then the local existence theorem converts into the global existence theorem provided that initial data and sources are sufficiently small. We prove uniqueness, mass conservation and continuous dependence on initial data in the domain of its existence. We show that the solution in large asymptotically tends to zero as time goes to infinity and demonstrate that, in general, the sequence of approximated solutions does not converge to the exact solution of the original problem with the multiplicative kernel. This fact reveals the limits of numerical simulation of the coagulation equation.     

Global well-posedness in the energy space for a modified KP II equation via the Miura transform

We prove global well-posedness of the initial value problem for a modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (mKP II) equation in the energy space. The proof proceeds in three main steps and involves several different techniques.

In the first step, we make use of several linear estimates to solve a fourth-order parabolic regularization of the mKP II equation by a fixed point argument, for regular initial data (one estimate is similar to the sharp Kato smoothing effect proved for the KdV equation by Kenig, Ponce, and Vega, 1991).

Then, compactness arguments (the energy method performed through the Miura transform) give the existence of a local solution of the mKP II equation for regular data.

Finally, we approximate any data in the energy space by a sequence of smooth initial data. Using Bourgain's result concerning the global well-posedness of the KP II equation in and the Miura transformation, we obtain convergence of the sequence of smooth solutions to a solution of mKP II in the energy space.

     

On inertial wave and flow structure at low Rossby number

Flow disturbances produced by the slow relative motion of an impermeable body in a large, rapidly rotating vessel are studied as an asymptotic theory for an inviscid, incompressible fluid at a small Rossby number (u _c /L1). The axial distance between the vessel wallsH is assumed to be so much larger than the body scaleL that the reduced height H/L is of unit order or greater. This flow admits a columnar structure near the body and an outer nonlinear structure of the inertial-wave type far above the forcing region, at distances along the rotation-axis (z=0(L/)). The inner boundary condition for the outer problem is provided by transferring the impermeable surface condition through the columnar structure; the outer solution in turn determines the vorticity and the solution of the columnar inner region.For thin obstacles or shallow ground topography (1), the outer solution is governed by an equation comparable to a linear one for inertial waves. The linear solutions obtained for steady transverse motion in an infinite domain () shows that, in this case, surface (perturbation) velocities are orthogonal to those in an irrotational (non-rotating) flow over the same ground topography. In the far field, i.e., ( z/L l) disturbances are confined mainly behind a wedge-shaped caustic front downstream of the rotation axis , wherein their amplitudes are comparable to , in general accord with Lighthill's result from group-velocity consideration. The field behind the caustic supports, however, lee waves extending far downstream with diminishing strength. Their wave lengths belong to orderLz/x, and therefore these waves should appear to be densely packed in the wedge-shaped region. The question on tilting of the Taylor column is delineated; the structure of the caustic zone and its upstream flow behavior are also analyzed.

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Zusammenfassung Die Strömung um einen Körper, der sich langsam in einem grossen, rotierenden Behälter bewegt, wird untersucht mit einer asymptotischen Theorie für eine reibungsfreie, inkompressible Flüssigkeit bei einer kleinen Rossby-Zahl, d.h. u _c /L1. Der axiale AbstandH zwischen den Gefässwänden wird als soviel grösser als die Körperabmessung angenommen, dass für die reduzierte Höhe =H/L 0(1) gilt. Diese Strömung erlaubt eine säulenähnliche Struktur (Taylor column) in Körpernähe und eine äussere, nichtlineare Struktur vom Wellentyp für Höhenz=0(L/) über dem Köper. Die innere Randbedingung für das äussere Problem wird erhalten, indem die Bedingung an der Wand durch die Säule verschoben wird. Die äussere Lösung bestimmt ihrerseits die Rotation und damit die Lösung im inneren, säulenartigen Bereich.Wenn Körper oder Bodenform flach sind (1), so wird die Aussenlösung durch eine Gleichung bestimmt, welche vergleichbar ist mit einer linearen Gleichung für Trägheitswellen. Lineare Lösungen werden für gleichförmige Bewegung von der Achse weg in einem unbegrenzten Bereich ) gegeben. Sie zeigen, dass die Oberflächenstromlinien orthogonal zu den Stromlinien sind, die bei rotationsfreier (nichtdrehender) Strömung über der gleichen Bodenform entstehen. Im Fernfeld ( z/L l) sind Störungen hauptsächlich auf ein keilförmiges Gebiet stromabwärts von der Rotationsachse ( ) begrenzt. In diesem Gebiet geht ihre Amplitude mit , in Uebereinstimmung mit Lighthill's Resultat, das mit der Gruppengeschwindigkeit hergeleitet wurde. Im keiförmigen Gebiet bestehen drei Familien von Lee-Wellen, welche sich mit unveränderter Stärke weit stromabwärts erstrecken. Ihre Wellenlängen gehören zur OrdnungLx/z, weshalb die Wellen im keilförmigen Bereich dicht gepackt erscheinen. Die Frage der Neigung der Taylor Säule behandelt und die Struktur des Randes vom keilförmigen Bereich wird analysiert.

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This work is dedicated to Professor Nicholas Rott on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday.     

Attractors for non-autonomous parabolic problems with singular initial data

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of non-autonomous parabolic problems with singular initial data. We first establish the well-posedness of the equation when the initial data belongs to Lr(Ω) (1<r<∞) and W1,r(Ω) (1<r<N), respectively. When the initial data belongs to Lr(Ω), we establish the existence of uniform attractors in Lr(Ω) for the family of processes with external forces being translation bounded but not translation compact in . When we consider the existence of uniform attractors in , the solution of equation lacks the higher regularity, so we introduce a new type of solution and prove the existence result. For the long time behavior of solutions of the equation in W1,r(Ω), we only obtain the uniform attracting property in the weak topology.     

2D constrained Navier–Stokes equations

We study 2D Navier–Stokes equations with a constraint forcing the conservation of the energy of the solution. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a global solution for the constrained Navier–Stokes equation on ${\mathbb{R}}^2$ and ${\mathbb{T}}^2$, by a fixed point argument. We also show that the solution of the constrained equation converges to the solution of the Euler equation as the viscosity ν vanishes.     

On the 3D Cahn–Hilliard equation with inertial term

We study the modified Cahn–Hilliard equation proposed by Galenko et al. in order to account for rapid spinodal decomposition in certain glasses. This equation contains, as additional term, the second-order time derivative of the (relative) concentration multiplied by a (small) positive coefficient . Thus, in absence of viscosity effects, we are in presence of a Petrovsky type equation and the solutions do not regularize in finite time. Many results are known in one spatial dimension. However, even in two spatial dimensions, the problem of finding a unique solution satisfying given initial and boundary conditions is far from being trivial. A fairly complete analysis of the 2D case has been recently carried out by Grasselli, Schimperna and Zelik. The 3D case is still rather poorly understood but for the existence of energy bounded solutions. Taking advantage of this fact, Segatti has investigated the asymptotic behavior of a generalized dynamical system which can be associated with the equation. Here we take a step further by establishing the existence and uniqueness of a global weak solution, provided that is small enough. More precisely, we show that there exists such that well-posedness holds if (suitable) norms of the initial data are bounded by a positive function of which goes to + ∞ as tends to 0. This result allows us to construct a semigroup on an appropriate (bounded) phase space and, besides, to prove the existence of a global attractor. Finally, we show a regularity result for the attractor by using a decomposition method and we discuss the existence of an exponential attractor.      

Self-similar solutions for active scalar equations in Fourier–Besov–Morrey spaces

We are concerned with a family of dissipative active scalar equation with velocity fields coupled via multiplier operators that can be of positive-order. We consider sub-critical values for the fractional diffusion and prove global well-posedness of solutions with small initial data belonging to a framework based on Fourier transform, namely Fourier–Besov–Morrey spaces. Since the smallness condition is with respect to the weak norm of this space, some initial data with large \(L^{2}\) -norm can be considered. Self-similar solutions are obtained depending on the homogeneity of the initial data and couplings. Also, we show that solutions are asymptotically self-similar at infinity. Our results can be applied in a unified way for a number of active scalar PDEs like 1D models on dislocation dynamics in crystals, Burgers’ equation, 2D vorticity equation, 2D generalized SQG, 3D magneto-geostrophic equations, among others.     

Inhomogeneous infinity Laplace equation

We present the theory of the viscosity solutions of the inhomogeneous infinity Laplace equation in domains in Rn. We show existence and uniqueness of a viscosity solution of the Dirichlet problem under the intrinsic condition f does not change its sign. We also discover a characteristic property, which we call the comparison with standard functions property, of the viscosity sub- and super-solutions of the equation with constant right-hand side. Applying these results and properties, we prove the stability of the inhomogeneous infinity Laplace equation with nonvanishing right-hand side, which states the uniform convergence of the viscosity solutions of the perturbed equations to that of the original inhomogeneous equation when both the right-hand side and boundary data are perturbed. In the end, we prove the stability of the well-known homogeneous infinity Laplace equation , which states the viscosity solutions of the perturbed equations converge uniformly to the unique viscosity solution of the homogeneous equation when its right-hand side and boundary data are perturbed simultaneously.     

Loss of boundary conditions for fully nonlinear parabolic equations with superquadratic gradient terms

We study whether the solutions of a fully nonlinear, uniformly parabolic equation with superquadratic growth in the gradient satisfy initial and homogeneous boundary conditions in the classical sense, a problem we refer to as the classical Dirichlet problem. Our main results are: the nonexistence of global-in-time solutions of this problem, depending on a specific largeness condition on the initial data, and the existence of local-in-time solutions for initial data $C^1$ up to the boundary. Global existence is know when boundary conditions are understood in the viscosity sense, what is known as the generalized Dirichlet problem. Therefore, our result implies loss of boundary conditions in finite time. Specifically, a solution satisfying homogeneous boundary conditions in the viscosity sense eventually becomes strictly positive at some point of the boundary.     

A note on global solution to stochastic differential equation based on a semimartingale with spatial parameters

We give here some criterions for the existence and uniqueness of a global solution to a stochastic differential equation based on a semimartingale with spatial parameters of the form

Regular solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations with an initial data in $$ L(3,\infty )$$

We consider the Navier–Stokes initial boundary value problem in exterior domains \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n\), \(n\ge 3\). We assume that the initial data belongs to \({\mathbb {L}}(n,\infty )\) suitable subspace of \(L(n,\infty )\) Lorentz space. We are able to prove on an interval (0, T) the existence of a unique regular solution, global in time for small data. The solution enjoys some new estimates and a new approach to the proof is exhibited.     

Global existence for some radial, low regularity nonlinear Schrödinger equations

We prove the nonlinear Schrödinger equation has a local solution for any energy - subcritical nonlinearity when u₀ is the characteristic function of a ball in Rn. Additionally, we establish the existence of a global solution for n?3 when and α?2. Finally, we establish the existence of a global solution when the initial function is radial, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation has an energy subcritical nonlinearity, and the initial function lies in Hρ+?(Rn)∩H1/2+?(Rn)∩H1/2+?,1(Rn).     

Existence of Solutions for the Debye-Hückel System with Low Regularity Initial Data

In this paper we study existence of solutions for the Cauchy problem of the Debye-Hückel system with low regularity initial data. By using the Chemin-Lerner time-space estimate for the heat equation, we prove that there exists a unique local solution if the initial data belongs to the Besov space $\dot{B}^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ for $-\frac{3}{2}<s\leq-2+\frac{n}{2}$ , $p=\frac{n}{s+2}$ and 1≤q≤∞, and furthermore, if the initial data is sufficiently small then the solution is global. This result improves the regularity index of the initial data space in previous results on this system. The blow-up criterion of solutions is also established.     

Periodic boundary-value problem for a fourth-order differential equation

In the present paper we obtain sufficient conditions for solvability of a periodic boundary-value problem for a fourth-order ordinary differential equation. The research technique is based on a solvability theorem for a quasi-linear operator equation in the resonance case. We formulate sufficient conditions for existence of periodic solutions in terms of the initial equation. The main result of the paper clarifies the existence theorem established by B. Mehry and D. Shadman in Sci. Iran. 15 (2), 182–185 (2008).     

The Cauchy Problem for an Axially Symmetric Equation and the Schwarz Potential Conjecture for the Torus

We present our results in this paper in two parts. In the first part, we consider the Cauchy problem for the axially symmetric equation with entire Cauchy data given on an initial plane (see Eq. (2.1)). We solve the Cauchy problem and obtain its solutions in two cases, depending on whether k is a positive even integer or k is a positive odd integer. For k odd, we demonstrate that the solution has more singularities due to the propagation of the singularities of the coefficients. In the second part, the Cauchy problem for the same equation is considered, but instead, its entire Cauchy data are given on an initial sphere (see Eq. (3.1)). Whenever k is a positive even integer, we obtain the global existence of the solution and determine all possible singularities. Whenever k is a positive odd integer, we discuss both local and global solutions. As a consequence of our results in this paper, we show that the Schwarz Potential Conjecture (see the Introduction) for the even dimensional torus is true.     

On the heat flow equation of surfaces of constant mean curvature in higher dimensions

In this paper, we consider the heat flow for the Hsystem with constant mean curvature in higher dimensions. We give sufficient conditions on the initial data such that the heat flow develops finite time singularity. We also provide a new set of initial data to guarantee the existence of global regular solution to the heat flow, that converges to zero in W 1,n with the decay rate t 2/(2-n) as time goes to infinity.     

Power concavity on nonlinear parabolic flows

Our object in this paper is to show that the concavity of the power of a solution is preserved in the parabolic p‐Laplace equation, called power concavity, and that the power is determined by the homogeneity of the parabolic operator. In the parabolic p‐Laplace equation for the density u, the concavity of u^(p?2)/p is considered, which indicates why the log‐concavity has been considered in heat flow, p = 2. In addition, the long time existence of the classical solution of the parabolic p‐Laplacian equation can be obtained if the initial smooth data has ‐concavity and a nondegenerate gradient along the initial boundary. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Remark on the global existence and large time asymptotics of solutions for the quadratic NLS

We study the global in time existence of small solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with quadratic interactions (0.1) We prove that if the initial data u₀ satisfy smallness conditions in the weighted Sobolev norm, then the solution of the Cauchy problem (0.1) exists globally in time. Furthermore, we prove the existence of the usual scattering states and find the large time asymptotics of the solutions.     

Dirichlet problem with degeneration of the input data on the boundary of the domain

We define an R_?-generalized solution of the first boundary value problem for a second-order elliptic equation with degeneration of the input data on the entire boundary of the two-dimensional domain and prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution in the weighted set Open image in new window.