将功能纳米材料发展前沿融入实验教学——隐形荧光墨水的制备

为了让学生了解纳米材料的性质和用途,开发了一个研究型综合性实验——隐形荧光墨水的制备。通过微波反应快速地制备了一种新型的氮掺杂碳量子点,克服了碳量子点制备繁琐的难题,使碳点的制备能够在实验教学中得以实现,利用透射电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱以及X射线能谱对碳点的结构和形貌进行表征,利用紫外-可见-近红外光谱仪和荧光光谱仪研究碳点的稳定性和光化学性能;并将该碳点制作成隐形荧光墨水,增加了实验的趣味性和实用性。学生实验证明该综合性实验适用于本科生实验教学。     

新显色剂α—喹啉偶氮桑色素与Fe（Ⅲ）的褪色反应及其应用

铁的光度测定方法很多,有的方法灵敏度也很高,但偶氮类试剂作为测定Fe(Ⅲ)的显色剂,达10~5数量级的不多,本法使用的显色剂α—喹啉偶氮桑色素(α—QAM),性能稳定,制备简便,对某些金属离子的定性试验表明,显色或褪色反应灵敏,本文研究了α—QAM与Fe(Ⅲ)的褪色反应,在pH 5.6的KH_2PO_4介质中,Fe(Ⅲ)与α—QAM形成黄色络合物,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.15×10~5。方法用于茶叶中微量Fe(Ⅲ)的测定,结果满意。 1 试验部分 1.1 主要仪器与试剂 721型分光光度计(上海第三分析仪器厂) pHS—3C型酸度计 Fe(Ⅲ)标准溶液:用高纯铁按常规方法配成100μg·ml~(-1),用时逐级稀释成2μg·ml~(-1)溶液。     

食用色素的性质及其应用

本文主要概述了我国食用色素的现状,以及食用天然色素的分类,着重叙述了我国已经工业化生产的19种食用天然色素的结构、性质及其适用范围。     

天然多功能食用色素的研究进展

介绍了天然多功能食用色素的新品种、制备方法、纯化方法和改性研究的进展,并分析了天然多功能食用色素的发展趋势。     

基于科学风险认知的文身墨水系列探究实验

文身在青少年中的认可度逐渐提高,但可能存在一定的健康隐患。设计了一系列实验,分别探究了高档和低档文身墨水的重金属元素、颗粒大小、着色性、对细胞活性的影响、对植物生长的影响等性质。结果表明,文身墨水具有潜在的健康风险,且低档墨水的健康风险大于高档墨水。该实验带领学生在生活中认识化学,培养学生运用化学思维认识科学风险并决策的能力。     

紫甘蓝色素作为酸碱指示剂的应用

紫甘蓝色素是从紫甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.f.rubra Thell.)中提取的一种天然色素,性质比较稳定,能做试剂较长期保存,其颜色随pH改变而发生鲜明的变化,并能准确地指示酸碱滴定终点,因此可作为一种天然的酸碱指示剂.     

以实践创新为导向的天然药物化学教学模式的研究

基于教学实践,从理论研究与实践探索2个方面开展研究并探讨天然药物化学的新颖教学模式。分别从构建新型的天然药物实验平台课程、改革课程的教学方式和方法、着力发挥人文教育作用和推广现代教育技术手段应用等多方面积极推进。旨在构建多模块立体式实践教学体系,在实践中培养创新型中药人才。     

果汁中天然色素紫胶红的UPLC/TUV定量检测及UPLC - MS/MS结构确证

建立了天然色素紫胶红各组分的UPLC/TUV定量检测及UPLC - MS/MS结构确证方法,并将所建立的分析方法应用于果汁中紫胶红色素的定性定量检测.通过Oasis(R) HLB小柱固相萃取技术净化、提取果汁饮料样品中的紫胶红色素.使用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP C18(1.7 ...     

有机天然产物化学实验的教学改革与实践

Natural product chemistry experiments, which train the students to master the basic skills for extraction, separation and identification of the active components of natural products, and acquaint with the research methods of natural product chemistry, are an important part of organic chemistry laboratory. This paper analyzes the common problems related to the current natural products chemistry laboratories in domestic universities. In recent years, we carried out the reforms of the teaching contents, teaching conditions, and teaching methods. The teaching practices show that the students' learning interest and efficiency, the abilities to analyze and solve problems, and the scientific research abilities have been trained and strengthened. The teachers' experimental teaching level and teaching quality have been greatly improved.     

Stimuli‐Responsive Naphthalene Diimide as Invisible Ink: A Rewritable Fluorescent Platform for Anti‐Counterfeiting

Herein, we report an approach to combat counterfeiting and storage of valuable information based on the solid‐state fluorescence switching behavior of isoniazid functionalized naphthalene diimide (ISO_NDI) in response to an external stimuli (i. e., HCl vapor). The unique feature of ISO_NDI is further utilized to develop an invisible ink (ISO_NDI‐PVA) with commercial polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A solid‐state fluorescence recovery was observed while loading with HCl vapors. This exclusive property of the material could be applied directly as a security ink for confidential data storage purpose. Based on above strategy, we successfully realized the rewritable application by using ISO_NDI‐PVA ink and confirm its practical efficacy on various substrates by creating different patterns. The solid‐state fluorescence switching behavior of ISO_NDI‐PVA ink exhibited reversible on/off signal for multiple cycles under the influence of HCl/NH₃ vapors. Mechanistic investigation supports a clear participation of intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) phenomenon in the solid‐state fluorescence switching property. The ease of fabricating the ink with invisible to visible characteristics in response to HCl vapors provides new opportunities for exploring the application of ISO_NDI‐PVA as invisible ink for targeted security applications.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法分离鉴定天然红心鸭蛋黄中的红色素

采用薄层色谱、高效液相色谱-质谱-质谱(HPLC-MS-MS)及高分辨电子轰击质谱(EI-MS)方法,分离鉴定了天然红心鸭蛋（简称红心蛋）蛋黄中红色素的分子组成和结构。以甲醇-水(体积比为99.5∶0.5)为流动相,用C18柱从红心蛋的红色素中分离出4个峰。光电二极管阵列检测器(PDA)扫描图显示,4个峰均为单峰,最大吸收波长分别为482,488,496,501 nm。HPLC-MS-MS分析结果表明,红心蛋中的红色素的各个峰具有相同的相对分子质量(Mr=562),其二级质谱具有紫杉紫素(rhodoxan     

Plant-Derived Natural Products as Lead Agents against Common Respiratory Diseases

Never has the world been more challenged by respiratory diseases (RDs) than it has witnessed in the last few decades. This is evident in the plethora of acute and chronic respiratory conditions, ranging from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, pneumonia, influenza, and more recently, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. Unfortunately, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of pathogens, drug toxicity and side effects are drawbacks to effective chemotherapeutic management of RDs; hence, our focus on natural sources because of their unique chemical diversities and novel therapeutic applications. This review provides a summary on some common RDs, their management strategies, and the prospect of plant-derived natural products in the search for new drugs against common respiratory diseases.     

Future Prospective of Radiopharmaceuticals from Natural Compounds Using Iodine Radioisotopes as Theranostic Agents

Natural compounds provide precursors with various pharmacological activities and play an important role in discovering new chemical entities, including radiopharmaceuticals. In the development of new radiopharmaceuticals, iodine radioisotopes are widely used and interact with complex compounds including natural products. However, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds with iodine radioisotopes has not been widely explored. This review summarizes the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds using iodine radioisotopes in the last 10 years, as well as discusses the challenges and strategies to improve future discovery of radiopharmaceuticals from natural resources. Literature research was conducted via PubMed, from which 32 research articles related to the development of natural compounds labeled with iodine radioisotopes were reported. From the literature, the challenges in developing radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds were the purity and biodistribution. Despite the challenges, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds is a golden opportunity for nuclear medicine advancement.     

两类荧光可调碳点的制备及在防伪油墨上的应用

以不同的氯代烃和胺类为反应原料,在相同反应条件下制备了2类荧光发射波长随激发波长变化而变化的碳点.其中一类碳点的荧光强度随着激发波长的红移呈现类似于高斯曲线的变化趋势(类型Ⅰ),另一类碳点的荧光强度随激发波长变化不规律(类型Ⅱ).通过荧光光谱、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和红外光谱对2类碳点的结构和性质进行了表征和比较.考察了类型Ⅱ碳点作为一种新型的荧光油墨在多重防伪领域的应用性能.     

Design and Synthesis of Hydrazine and Oxadiazole-containing Derivatives of Sorafenib as Antitumor Agents

A series of hydrazine and oxadiazole analogs of Sorafenib was designed, synthesized and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance(¹H NMR) spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS). The antiproliferative activities of these compounds against human colorectal carcinoma(HCT-116) and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) tumor cell lines were evaluated in vitro by MTT method[MTT=3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. The bioassay results suggest that most of the synthesized compounds have antitumor potential to HCT-116 cell line compared with MDA-MB-231 cell line. Compounds 8a,8b,8d, 8e,9f and 9j competitive with Sorafenib demonstrated antiproliferative activities on HCT-116 cell line.     

Secret Paper with Vinegar as an Invisible Security Ink and Fire as a Decryption Key for Information Protection

Security inks based on photoluminescent materials are mostly investigated for security applications, such as information encryption and decryption, anti-counterfeiting, and data storage. Although they are invisible to the naked eye under ambient light, they can be detected under ultraviolet or near-infrared light. Herein, a new kind of secret paper made from network-structured ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and cellulose fibers has been developed. White vinegar, a common cooking ingredient, is used as an invisible security ink. Covert information on the secret paper written with white vinegar is totally invisible under natural light, but it can be decrypted and clearly read after exposure to fire; the response time to fire is short (<10 s). The ways of writing on the secret paper are diverse by using various pens loaded with white vinegar.     

Discovery of Cysteine and Its Derivatives as Novel Antiviral and Antifungal Agents

Based on the structure of the natural product cysteine, a series of thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acids were designed and synthesized. All target compounds bearing thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid were characterized by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and HRMS techniques. The antiviral and antifungal activities of cysteine and its derivatives were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results of anti-TMV activity revealed that all compounds exhibited moderate to excellent activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. The compounds cysteine (1), 3–4, 7, 10, 13, 20, 23, and 24 displayed higher anti-TMV activities than the commercial plant virucide ribavirin (inhibitory rate: 40, 40, and 38% at 500 μg/mL for inactivation, curative, and protection activity in vivo, respectively), especially compound 3 (inhibitory rate: 51%, 47%, and 49% at 500 μg/mL for inactivation, curative, and protection activity in vivo, respectively) with excellent antiviral activity emerged as a new antiviral candidate. Antiviral mechanism research by TEM exhibited that compound 3 could inhibit virus assembly by aggregated the 20S protein disk. Molecular docking results revealed that compound 3 with higher antiviral activities than that of compound 24 did show stronger interaction with TMV CP. Further fungicidal activity tests against 14 kinds of phytopathogenic fungi revealed that these cysteine derivatives displayed broad-spectrum fungicidal activities. Compound 16 exhibited higher antifungal activities against Cercospora arachidicola Hori and Alternaria solani than commercial fungicides carbendazim and chlorothalonil, which emerged as a new candidate for fungicidal research.     

Natural product hybrids as new leads for drug discovery

Natural products play an important role in the development of drugs, especially for the treatment of infections and cancer, as well as immunosuppressive compounds. However, the number of natural products is limited, whereas millions of hybrids as combinations of parts of different natural products can be prepared. This new approach seems to be very promising in the development of leads for both medicinal and agrochemical applications, as the biological activity of several new hybrids exceeds that of the parent compounds. The advantage of this concept over a combinatorial chemistry approach is the high diversity and the inherent biological activity of the hybrids.