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逆向教学设计被称为“通过设计促进理解”的教学设计。教学过程中,教师结合课程标准相关要求进行单元逆向教学设计,有助于学生提升学科核心素养,引发深度学习。围绕“钠及其化合物”开展了逆向设计的相关探索。根据逆向设计模板,同时,结合本单元学生需要获取的目标、知识和表现性任务,设计了4个课时的教学任务。单元教学过程整体实现了初始培养学生从微观结构出发,结合实验事实认识钠的性质,进而到学生分析物质性质的相似性和差异性,然后到学生结合相关资料实现鉴别实验方案的设计,最终学生结合相关资料进行纯碱制备工业应用。通过总结学生在“钠及其化合物”单元教学各环节中的表现情况,包括课堂实录、完成表现性任务、以及针对授课学生、同行专家的调研问卷情况,整理了“钠及其化合物”单元教学过程中的相关收获以及反思。相关单元设计的认识可为今后落实“素养为本”的教学提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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为探讨不同发展阶段的高中化学教师对于“物质的量”主题的认识,聚焦学科教学知识(PCK)的2个基本组成部分:(1)学生理解的知识,(2)教学策略和表征知识。基于PCK课堂观察量表和CoRe模型,对比分析新手、熟手、专家型教师关于“物质的量”主题的PCK表征。研究结果表明,不同发展阶段化学教师的PCK存在差异,教师对学生知识的理解影响了教学策略和表征方式的决策。 相似文献
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在分析高中新课程对元素化合物知识的安排及其在新课程体系中地位的基础上,探讨了新课程下高中元素化合物知识的教学策略。在必修教学中通过多种途径促进学生获得有关物质及性质的事实;在选修教学中采用“先行组织者”策略将元素化合物知识融入学科知识体系。 相似文献
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高中化学新教材在内容的编排上体现了“螺旋式”上升的特点,教学中如何体现这个特点?需要教师整体把握同一内容在不断阶段的层级发展,分层落实知识。本文提出了高中学习元素化合物知识的4个阶段,每个阶段的知识和认识的层级是不同的,并结合氨气的教学实例进行了阐述。 相似文献
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试论元素化合物教学中的几种关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
元素化合物知识在中学化学教材中占有重要地位。调查了解发现,有部分中学化学教师对元素化合物知识的重要性认识不足,认为元素化合物知识内容多、头绪多,仅是描述性教材,学生自己能看懂,没有什么好讲的;用不着认真钻研教材和大纲,用不着仔细考虑教学方法。并认为元素化合物知识远不及化学概念、化学理论、化学计算讲起来生动活泼。 相似文献
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无机化学元素化合物教学中的兴趣培养 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对无机化学元素化合物知识多而杂、难以掌握的特点,沿教学过程的顺序从5个方面探讨了如何激发、培养、强化、增添、发展学生学习兴趣,以期改善元素化合物知识的教学状况,使学生在愉快的氛围中掌握繁琐的知识。 相似文献
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以“氯的单质及化合物”单元教学为例,研究了旨在培养学生核心素养的教学活动设计,提出了教学活动设计的一般原则、教学活动的一般类型,总结了教学活动设计的灵感来源。通过一系列连续的教学活动,提升了学生教学过程的参与度和学习效率,调动了学生学习和创新的积极性,培养了核心素养。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%. 相似文献
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Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields. 相似文献
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Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction
Laurent Gavara Thomas Boisse Jean-Pierre Hénichart Adam Daïch Philippe Gautret 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7544-5571
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments. 相似文献
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The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula. 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Burton Mandy L. CrowtherNeal J. Fazakerley Shaun M. FilleryBarry M. Hayter Jason G. KettleCaroline A. McMillan Paula PerkinsPeter Robins Peter M. SmithEmma J. Williams Gail L. Wrigley 《Tetrahedron letters》2013
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines. 相似文献
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KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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N. A. Nedolya 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2008,44(10):1165-1219
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff
at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry
of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee.
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008. 相似文献
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A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL. 相似文献
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Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products. 相似文献
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A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions. 相似文献