有机化学教学改革探索

有机化学教学改革探索胡秀贞（南京师范大学化学系２１００２４）在近年的《有机化学》教学中，我体会到教学改革的一个核心问题：必须调动“教”与“学”两个方面的积极性。“教”的积极性就是教师要有强烈的责任感；而“学”的积极性是在教师的主导作用下启迪学生的学习...     

对高师《有机化学》课教材改编的建议

对高师《有机化学》课教材改编的建议鹿笃仁王道林（牡丹江师范学院化学系１５７０１１）目前在高等师范院校里存在一种“向综合性大学看齐风”和“考研热”，使高师一些课程的教学“拔高”，在知识面上向考研倾斜，深度、广度脱离中学教学的实际需要。有机化学课也存在这...     

介绍一本《有机化学实验》新教材

由上海市教育委员会组编 ,焦家俊编著 ,上海交通大学出版社出版的《有机化学实验》(2 0 0 0年 2月第一版 ) ,是按照国家教育部“面向 2 1世纪应用化学类专业教学内容和课程体系改革”的要求编写的一本有机化学实验教材。该书在编写过程中 ,试图对传统有机化学实验强调实验操作技能训练的教学模式进行改革 ,努力突出“新概念” ,即以实践能力与创新精神培养为目标 ,从学习实验通法入手 ,着力将基本理论学习、综合能力训练及创新精神培养融为一体。　　全书分为以下 3部分 :　　第一部分为反应与制备 ,包括卤化反应、磺化反应、硝化反应、付 …     

F. A. Carey的《有机化学》第4版评介

Ｆ .Ａ .Ｃａｒｅｙ的《有机化学》第 4版于 2 0 0 0年由ＭｃＧｒａｗ ＨｉｌｌＨｉｇｈｅｒＥｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ出版。Ｆ .Ａ .Ｃａｒｅｙ教授长期从事大班 (3 0 0名以上学生 )普通化学和有机化学的教学工作 ,现任ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＶｉｒｇｉｎｉａ教授 ,曾与Ｒ .Ｊ.Ｓｕｎｄｂｅｒｇ教授合编《高等有机化学》 ,并且与Ｒ .Ｃ .Ａｔｋｉｎｓ教授合编用于有机化学导论课程的《有机化学》。从 1 993年起Ｃａｒｅｙ教授任美国化学ＧＲＥ考试委员会成员。　　《有机化学》第 4版是为本科有机化学两个学期课程编写的 ,它主要是以官能团的…     

中学与大学有机化学教学衔接的探讨

针对中学与大学在有机化学课程教学上的衔接性和相互渗透性,调查统计了2015-2017年中6个专业共10个班的296名学生的教学反馈,从教学内容和教学模式2个方面对当前中学和大学有机化学教学中存在的问题进行探讨,并提出了一些建议,以期及时澄清科学概念,合理设置课程内容,达到提高教学效果的目的。     

优化课程结构体系改革师范院校有机化学教学

本文针对师范院校有机化学教学中存在的问题,提出了一套教学改革方案。实践证明,本方案能衔接好各门有机化学课程的教学内容,利于课程内容结构化、系统化。     

探析反应机理与理解反应条件——中英高中化学“烯烃与溴的加成反应”内容比较

有机化学模块是高中化学的重要组成部分,了解有机化学反应机理有利于从微观角度探析物质的结构与性质。目前国内各版本高中化学教材对烯烃与溴加成反应的描述过于简洁。参考了英国高中化学教材和我国的《基础有机化学》,综合分析不同教材的特点,以期更合理地讲解加成反应过程。     

新课程背景下高中生具备的有机化学知识基础探析——基于高考选拔和大学课程学习的需要角度

高中化学新课程有机化学的内容分别设置在“化学2”必修模块和“有机化学基础”等选修模块中。2007年新课程化学高考大纲将“有机化学基础”定为选考模块,新课程高中生学习的有机化学知识与以往相比发生了哪些改变,能否满足他们在大学学习的要求,对此,作者从高中课程标准、高考大纲、中学化学教材和大学化学课程等几个方面对学生的有机化学知识基础进行了分析,并结合新课程实施的具体情况初步论证了高中化学新课程中学生获得的有机化学知识基础与高考选拔和大学课程学习需要之间的适切性。     

“3+1”中外合作办学中有机化学课程的教学实践与思考

介绍了食品科学与工程专业“3+1”中外合作办学项目中有机化学的教学与合作方美方在教材、教学内容和成绩评定方式等教学实践上的差异,以及结合国内教学条件进行的合理调整。探讨了关于有机化学教学中美不同教学理念的优缺点,为提高生命相关专业有机化学基础课的教学质量提供了新思路。     

基础有机化学“模块化–微课式”教材建设的探索与实践

《基础有机化学反应》和《基础有机化学合成》两部教材将基础有机化学中的核心内容——有机反应和有机合成的知识点进行“模块化”,并采用“微课式”编排。本文介绍了此系列教材的编写情况。     

Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives embedded with benzimidazole moiety as potent antioxidants

Fourteen novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety ( 7a-n ) have been synthesized using the one-pot nitro reductive cyclization method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), ¹³C NMR, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), mass spectrum, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was examined using DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The results demonstrated that compound 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-6-4-tolyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 7c ) was potent in scavenging both DPPH and nitric oxide radical with IC₅₀ values of 13.57 and 18.55 μg/ml when compared to the standard with IC₅₀ values of 23.75 and 23.14 μg/ml, respectively, which was due to the presence of electron-donating groups. The activity was found to decline when electron-donating groups were replaced by electron-withdrawing groups. Moderate scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide radical. Structure activity relationship and physiochemical properties were studied for all the derivatives.     

Novel arylpyridine‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Synthesis,antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory evaluation

In view of developing novel bioactive compounds, a series of 2‐(5‐[2‐methyl‐6‐arylpyridin‐3‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐ylthio)‐1‐arylethanones (6a–n) were designed and synthesized in good yield. Novel compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Compounds 6a , 6b , 6c , 6h , and 6i displayed the highest antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25–12.5 μg/mL in comparison with the standard Ciprofloxacin. The results of anti‐inflammatory activity of carrageenan‐induced footpad edema assay indicated that tested compounds exhibited remarkable anti‐inflammatory activity with percentage of inhibition of 63.9–70.1% (potency 96.8–106.20% of indomethacin activity) after 3 hr. Particularly, 6c – e and 6j – l were found to be excellent inhibitors of inflammation, with potential higher than that of the standard, Indomethacin.     

Exploring recent developments on 1,2,4-triazole: Synthesis and biological applications

Triazoles are nitrogen-bearing heterocycles. In the last few decades, researchers have focused on fused heterocycles, as they have better pharmacological effect compared to triazoles alone. Among the two isomers of triazole, this article aims to explore the work carried out on 1,2,4-triazole and N-bridged heterocycles derived from 1,2,4-triazole in last 18 years, highlight different synthetic pathways, and present a brief summary of the different biological activities possessed by 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The information collected in this article is expected to help researchers to discover novel therapeutic agents for better applications in the field of pharmaceutical science.     

Cytomimetic Organic Chemistry: Early Developments

This article describes how chemical and physical stimuli cause a simple system, the giant vesicle, to undergo a variety of “cytomimetic” transformations such as fusion, fission, endocytosis, budding, aggregation, birthing, and foraging. For example, when a giant vesicle, which happens to have a smaller vesicle inside it, is exposed to octyl glucoside, the smaller vesicle can pass through the outer membrane into the external medium (“birthing”). The resulting injury to the membrane of the host vesicle heals immediately. Addition of cholic acid, on the other hand, induces a feeding frenzy in which a vesicle grows rapidly as it consumes its smaller neighbors. After the food is gone, the giant vesicle then self-destructs (a case of “birth, growth, and death”). Such lifelike morphological changes were obtained by using commercially available chemicals; thus these processes should be assigned to organic chemistry, and not to biology or even biochemistry, and not to biology or even biochemistry. Experimental details (e.g. the preparation and observation of the vesicles) are included in this review in hopes of helping others enter this undeveloped field.     

有机化学课程中的绿色化学教育

介绍了在有机化学课程教学实践中对学生进行绿色化学教育的做法和建议,其中包括反应试剂的绿色化,反应条件的绿色化,目标产物绿色化。     

2002年有机化学闪光点

介绍了全球有机化学领域在2002年所取得的重大进展,包括“在钯膜上实现由 苯到苯酚的直接转化”等13个闪光点。