单烯烃分子结构有限元方法及定量结构-沸点相关性研究

按照有限元方法, 将烯烃分子中的“C—C”单键和“C＝C”双键当作两种不同的线性杆元处理, 构建单烯烃分子的刚度矩阵, 连同质量矩阵求解相应的特征方程, 得到单烯烃分子的结构特征参量——固有频率, 将其用于定量结构-沸点预测模型, 对150个单烯烃分子的沸点实验测定值进行多元回归分析, 结果表明, 单烯烃分子结构与沸点性质间存在高相关性, 说明该方法是合理可行的.     

热场效应下聚酰亚胺纤维力学性质有限元分析

利用COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3软件构建了聚酰亚胺纤维三维有限元模型。 该模型实现了固体传热和表面对表面辐射传热产生的温度场中聚酰亚胺纤维固体力学的计算,重点分析了孔洞的大小、位置和热膨胀系数的差异对聚酰亚胺纤维力学性能的影响。 结果表明,聚酰亚胺(PI)纤维在两端固定约束的条件下,在固体传热和表面对表面辐射传热产生的温度场中呈现相似的应力变化趋势,即聚酰亚胺纤维出现孔洞,使纤维的力学性能降低,孔洞越大,应力分布越不均衡,越不利于纤维性质的稳定;温度越高,应力越大;但随着负轴向热膨胀系数的增加,应力逐渐减小。     

基于核酸分子识别的电化学分析方法与应用

核酸作为生物体遗传信息的载体以及分子生物学和生物分析化学中重要的功能分子,近年来在电化学分析中受到了越来越多的重视。本文以作者所在研究组的工作为实例,对核酸分子识别的电化学分析方法作出简要的评述,内容涉及核酸序列和基因变异的电化学分析以及核酸作为功能分子进行识别检测的电化学分析等等。     

比较分子场分析方法研究的最新进展*

比较分子场分析方法(CoM FA ) 是目前在三维定量构效关系(3D2Q SAR) 中应用最为广泛的方法之一。但传统的比较分子场分析方法在具体的实现过程中还存在着一些缺陷和不足, 包括分子场势能函数的选择, 活性构象的确定, 分子的叠合以及分子场变量的选取等等。本文结合我们科研组的工作, 就近几年CoM FA 方法的最新进展做了较为详细的阐述, 同时对CoM FA 的发展前景及其在药物设计中的应用进行了展望。     

八乙基卟啉及其锌配合物的分子和晶体结构

测定了中位(meso)取代八乙基卟啉和无轴向配位卟啉锌(II)配合物的结构, 讨论了锌离子配位前后卟啉环的平面性, 并比较了有锌和无锌配位卟啉阴离子的几何构型。研究结果表明卟啉骨架的构型不仅决定于卟啉骨架中央孔穴的大小, 配位离子的尺寸和电子结构, 而且还决定于骨架上的取代基团。本文还分析了在卟啉骨架上取代硝基的几何构型以及它们在卟啉共轭效应中的作用。     

超分子结构水杨酸根插层水滑石的组装及结构与性能研究

以锌铝水滑石ZnAl-CO3 LDHs为前体（主体），以乙二醇为分散介质，用离子 交换法组装了水杨酸根（客体）插层水滑石ZnAl-[o-HO(C6H4)COO]LDHs，并用XRD ，FT-IR，TG-DTA等手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明，能过控制离子交换条件， 水杨酸根阴离子可取代锌铝水滑石前体层间的CO3^2-离子，组装得到晶体结构良好 的水杨酸根插层水滑石。通过研究发现，主体水滑石层板与客体以静电力和氢键相 互作用，得到的超分子结构材料紫外阻隔作用增强并具有较好的稳定性，从而成为 一种集屏蔽和吸收双重功能的新型无机-有机得合紫外阻隔材料。     

[Cr(H2O)3(NCS)3](18-冠-6)的分子和晶体结构

本文报道了[Cr(H2O)3(NCS)3](18-冠-6)配合物的单晶X射线结构 分析 , 并基于分析结果, 对分子的结构特点和晶胞中的堆积方式进行了讨论.     

二维网状结构超分子化合物[Cu(dafo)2(H2O)2](Cl04)2的两种同分异构体的合成与表征

用4，5—二氮芴-9-酮（dafo）、邻苯二甲酸、高氯酸铜和4，5—二氯芴—9— 酮(dafo)、苯甲酸、高氯酸铜进行混和反应时分别得到亮蓝色和蓝绿色晶体，它们 的结构通过单晶X射线衍射法测定。其单晶结构表明，这两种化合物是同分异构体 ，组成都是C22H16Cl2CuN4O12。这两种化合物是通过氢键形成的具有二维网状结构 的超分子化合物，并通过元素分析、红外光谱、热分析对两种化合物进行了表征。     

[Ba(18-冠-6)(H2O)(OH)][Fe(NCS)4]的分子和晶体结构

本文用凝胶法培养出18-冠-6钡和硫氰酸铁的配合物单晶, 并用X射线衍射分析了其晶体和分子结构.     

Correlation between thermal conductivity and bond length alternation in carbon nanotubes: A combined reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics—Crystal orbital analysis

The thermal conductivity (λ) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with chirality indices (5,0), (10,0), (5,5), and (10,10) has been studied by reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) simulations as a function of different bond length alternation patterns (Δr_i). The Δr_i dependence of the bond force constant (k_rx) in the molecular dynamics force field has been modeled with the help of an electronic band structure approach. These calculations show that the Δr_i dependence of k_rx in tubes with not too small a diameter can be mapped by a simple linear bond length–bond order correlation. A bond length alternation with an overall reduction in the length of the nanotube causes an enhancement of λ, whereas an alternation scheme leading to an elongation of the tube is coupled to a decrease of the thermal conductivity. This effect is more pronounced in carbon nanotubes with larger diameters. The formation of a polyene‐like structure in the direction of the longitudinal axis has a negligible influence on λ. A comparative analysis of the RNEMD and crystal orbital results indicates that Δr_i‐dependent modifications of λ and the electrical conductivity are uncorrelated. This behavior is in‐line with a heat transfer that is not carried by electrons. Modifications of λ as a function of the bond alternation in the (10,10) nanotube are explained with the help of power spectra, which provide access to the density of vibrational states. We have suggested longitudinal low‐energy modes in the spectra that might be responsible for the Δr_i dependence of λ. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

The thermal conductivity of alumina nanoparticles dispersed in ethylene glycol

The thermal conductivities of several nanofluids (dispersions of alumina nanoparticles in ethylene glycol) were measured at temperatures ranging from 298 to 411 K using a liquid metal transient hot wire apparatus. Our measurements span the widest range of temperatures that have been investigated to date for any nanofluid. A maximum in the thermal conductivity versus temperature behavior was observed at all mass fractions of nanoparticles, closely following the behavior of the base fluid (ethylene glycol). Our results confirm that additional temperature contributions inherent in Brownian motion models are not necessary to describe the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Our results also show that the effect of mass or volume fraction of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids can be correlated using the Hamilton and Crosser or Yu and Choi models with one adjustable parameter (the shape factor in the Hamilton and Crosser model, or the ordered liquid layer thickness in the Yu and Choi model).     

A molecular mechanics and semiempirical conformational analysis of the herbicide diuron inhibitor of photosystem II

The potential energy surface (PES) for the herbicide diuron (DCMU), a photosystem II inhibitor, has been extensively investigated using the quantum-mechanical semiempirical molecular orbital methods AM1 and PM3 and molecular mechanics method. A detailed conformational search has been carried out which revealed the occurrence of four genuine minimum energy structures. The relative stability of the conformers and rotational barriers to conformational interconversion were evaluated using distinct theoretical approaches. The results showed that thetrans form of the diuron molecule is more stable than thecis form in all methods, and so it may possibly be the biologically active isomer.     

Deterministic global optimization of molecular structures using interval analysis

The search for the global minimum of a molecular potential energy surface is a challenging problem. The molecular structure corresponding to the global minimum is of particular importance because it usually dictates both the physical and chemical properties of the molecule. The existence of an extremely large number of local minima, the number of which may increase exponentially with the size of the molecule, makes this global minimization problem extremely difficult. A new strategy is described here for solving such global minimization problems deterministically. The methodology is based on interval analysis, and provides a mathematical and computational guarantee that the molecular structure with the global minimum potential energy will be found. The technique is demonstrated using two sets of example problems. The first set involves a relatively simple potential model, and problems with up to 40 atoms. The second set involves a more realistic potential energy function, representative of those in current use, and problems with up to 11 atoms.     

Synthesis, structure, and conductivity of molecular conductor (PyEt)[Ni(dmit)_2]_2

A new electrical conductive crystal PyEt[Ni(dmit)2]2 (dmit=4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2-thione) has been synthesized and its X-ray structure has been determined to be in monoclinic system, C2/c space group. In PyEt[Ni(dmit)2]2 crystal, the conducting component [Ni(dmit)2]0.5- is face-to-face packed forming molecular column along the c-direction, and these molecular columns are then side-by-side extended along the a-direction forming a kind of two-dimensional conducting sheet on (010). The measured conductivity at room temperature along a certain direction on (010) plane is 10 S .cm-1. From 282 to 269 K, the crystal shows metallic behavior but changes to semiconductor below 269 K. Based on the measured crystal structure and calculated band structure, this conductor-semiconductor phase transformation can be primarily interpreted: The metallic conductivity is corresponding to the uniform molecular column and the atomic-lattice-chain structure of Ni chain, while the semi-conductive behavior to staggered mo     

Conformational analysis of synthetic neolignans active against leishmaniasis,using the molecular mechanics method (MM2)

Conformational analysis of 20 neolignans was performed to determine the most probable conformer that may fit the receptor. The molecular mechanics method (MM2) was employed to construct conformational maps in both a vacuum and a biological environment. Boltzmann's distribution among several local minima was calculated. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 18: 712–721, 1997     

Conformational analysis of methylphenidate: comparison of molecular orbital and molecular mechanics methods

Summary Methylphenidate (MP) binds to the cocaine binding site on the dopamine transporter and inhibits reuptake of dopamine, but does not appear to have the same abuse potential as cocaine. This study, part of a comprehensive effort to identify a drug treatment for cocaine abuse, investigates the effect of choice of calculation technique and of solvent model on the conformational potential energy surface (PES) of MP and a rigid methylphenidate (RMP) analogue which exhibits the same dopamine transporter binding affinity as MP. Conformational analysis was carried out by the AM1 and AM1/SM5.4 semiempirical molecular orbital methods, a molecular mechanics method (Tripos force field with the dielectric set equal to that of vacuum or water) and the HF/6-31G* molecular orbital method in vacuum phase. Although all three methods differ somewhat in the local details of the PES, the general trends are the same for neutral and protonated MP. In vacuum phase, protonation has a distinctive effect in decreasing the regions of space available to the local conformational minima. Solvent has little effect on the PES of the neutral molecule and tends to stabilize the protonated species. The random search (RS) conformational analysis technique using the Tripos force field was found to be capable of locating the minima found by the molecular orbital methods using systematic grid search. This suggests that the RS/Tripos force field/vacuum phase protocol is a reasonable choice for locating the local minima of MP. However, the Tripos force field gave significantly larger phenyl ring rotational barriers than the molecular orbital methods for MP and RMP. For both the neutral and protonated cases, all three methods found the phenyl ring rotational barriers for the RMP conformers/invertamers (denoted as cte, tte, and cta) to be: cte, tte> MP > cta. Solvation has negligible effect on the phenyl ring rotational barrier of RMP. The B3LYP/6-31G* density functional method was used to calculate the phenyl ring rotational barrier for neutral MP and gave results very similar to those of the HF/6-31G* method.     

Analysis of thermal behaviour of high power semiconductor laser arrays by means of the finite element method (FEM)

New results of steady-state two-dimensional finite-element computations of temperature distributions of high power semiconductor laser arrays are presented. The influence of different thermal loads on the 2D temperature distribution in AlGaAs/GaAs gain-guided laser arrays is investigated. TheFEM model is tested by comparing it with analytical solutions. For numerical convenience, the latter is rewritten in a novel form, which is free of overflow problems. The maximum temperatures calculated by both methods agree within 1%. Several factors determining the thermal resistance of the device are quantitatively examined: the ratio of light emitting to non-emitting areas along the active zone, the amount of Joule losses, the current spreading, the solder thickness, and voids in the solder. This yields design rules for optimum thermal performance.     

A constitutive material model for a commercial PMMA bone cement using a combination of nano-indentation test and finite element analysis

To obtain accurate mechanical properties of an orthopedic Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-based) bone cement, nanomechanical testing was performed. Due to visoelastic characteristics of this polymer-like bone cement, the mechanical properties cannot be identified using conventional indentation methods. A well-known two-layer viscoplasticity model was selected and simulated in a finite element solver. A complete analogical study between the results of the finite element simulation and the experimental data was made to reach the best optimized parameters for the selected model. It is shown that the proposed model can be used to obtain the constitutive material relationship for polymeric materials.