高中必修阶段“化学键”教学问题的确立与分析

确立教学问题并主动寻求解决途径,对提高课堂教学质量具有重要意义。以高中化学必修阶段化学键教学内容为研究对象,从教学案例、教科书文本对比分析以及学生学习效果分析等多方面确立教学问题,并以问卷调查、教学实证研究、理论分析为依据对所确立的教学问题进行了阐释分析,为必修阶段化学键教学问题的确立和分析提供参考,供一线教师借鉴确立、分析其他教学问题。     

讨论式教学在仪器分析课程中的实践探索

为提高课堂教学质量,发挥专业课程育人功能,基于仪器分析课程特点,尝试探索小组讨论式教学在仪器分析课程中的教学实践。从课程简介、教学设计、教学过程、教学评价等方面对讨论式教学进行总结,为化学专业课堂教学探索提供借鉴。     

基于产教研融合视角的“粘合剂与助剂”课程教学案例的构建与应用

“粘合剂与助剂”课程承担培养学生“分析评价能力”的任务。为了达成深度分析评价能力,课程从产学研融合的角度,构建与产业发展关联度高的教学案例。教学案例从课程引导、理论应用、问题分析、性能预测到技术创新,分布于课程教学的全过程。提出“原理分析法”和“拆解分析法”,用于分析能力训练。教学案例及深度分析方法经历多轮次教学实践,学生的课程综合能力考核成绩明显提升。基于产学研视角的全过程案例教学,对学生高层次分析和实践创新能力的达成起到有效推动作用。     

“三维立体”教学设计在中药化学中的应用

立足三维立体教学目标,结合中药化学的学科特点,从课程特点、学情分析、三维教学目标、重点与难点、教学策略、教学手段、教学过程、教学评价与反思等8个方面阐述三维立体式教学设计在中药化学中的应用。     

巧用案例分析法进行化学化工教学

案例分析教学有助于锻炼学生的观察和思维能力。以自制氢气球为教学案例,进行问题设计和教学,引导学生从安全、定量、速度控制、工程工艺等方面进行案例分析。     

基于问卷调查和成绩分析转变教学模式——环境类专业有机化学课程

为解决环境类专业有机化学课程教学时间紧、学习难度大、学生接受程度低等诸多问题,积极开展了教学模式改革。基于实践对传统课堂教学、在线教学、加强式课堂教学和线上线下混合式教学等4种教学模式的优缺点进行了对比分析,并基于问卷调查、考试成绩和评教结果对教学效果、学生认可程度等问题进行了具体的分析。分析结果表明加强式课堂教学和混合式教学相较传统课堂教学和在线教学的优势更为突出,其中混合式教学具有更好的教学效果,学生的认可程度最高。此次教学模式的转变取得了较好的成效,混合式教学将成为该课程重点实践的教学模式。     

基于翻转课堂-PBL的混合式“金课”教学*——以“药物分析”为例

以创新应用能力及岗位需求重构课程标准,更新教学方法和教学手段,从教学设计、教学实施、教学评价、教学效果等4个方面系统地探索了基于翻转课堂-PBL教学的药物分析课程教学模式建设与应用,旨在形成多元化、多层次的药物分析教学新体系,将“以教师教为主”的教学模式转变为“以学生学为主”,让学生化“被动”为“主动”学习,锻炼学生自主学习能力,增强学生团队协作及分析解决问题的能力,启发学生创新应用能力。     

基于"产学研用"背景下的仪器分析课程教学机制研究

"产学研用"是高等教育实现人才培养目标的重要途径。本文在"产学研用"教学一体化背景下,为提高仪器分析课程教学效果,强化课程对学生专业能力、科研能力和解决企业实际问题的能力培养,在分析目前课程教学存在问题的基础上,对仪器分析"产学研用"教学机制、教学方法、资源共享平台建设、教学团队建设、教学考核等问题进行一体化建设探索,以期通过"产学研用"教学建设促进人才培养质量进一步提升,并对高校培养人才与企业实际需求人才的有效衔接问题提供一定的解决思路。     

基于科学本质的“元素周期律”教学设计

促进学生对科学本质的理解是科学教育的重要目标之一。以元素周期律为例,从教材分析、学情分析、教学方法、教学过程和教学反思等方面探讨了基于科学本质的教学设计。     

基于问题学习法在仪器分析教学中的应用初探

结合教学实践 ,介绍了一个利用基于问题学习法进行仪器分析教学的典型教案 ,包括教学目标、问题的提出、教学方法、考核方法和教学中的常见问题及解决方法等     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.