Zinc telluride under high pressure: An x-ray absorption study

Abstract

The local structure of ZnTe has been studied up to 30 GPa by x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Zn K-edge. Phase transitions were observed at 9.5±0.5 and 12.±0.5 GPa. From the EXAFS and XANES studies it is deduced that ZnTe-II has as tetrahedral structure and ZnTe-III a distorted octahedral. A first order Mumaghan equation of state has been fitted to the first neighbors distances in phase I, giving a bulk modulus of 56 GPa.     

Combined X-ray absorption and X-ray diffraction under high pressure

ABSTRACT

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are two complementary structural techniques. Their combination improves the understanding of the effect of pressure on materials as illustrated by examples taken from studies on different types of materials (semiconductors, molecular solid, ferroelectric perovskite and gas mixture). The introduction of nanopolycrystalline diamonds anvils has extended XAS to high-energy edges with the possibility to use energy-scanning XAS beamlines where XRD can be performed in addition to XAS experiments.     

HCN气体在金属Cu、Zn表面吸附的密度泛函研究

基于密度泛函理论方法研究了HCN气体在Cu(100)、Cu(110)、Cu(111)、Zn(100)、Zn(110)、Zn(111)表面上不同吸附位点的吸附性质,计算并分析了吸附能、电荷转移、电子态密度的特征。研究表明：HCN在Cu不同表面的吸附能分布在-0.42~-0.29 eV区间内,为物理吸附。HCN在Zn不同表面的吸附能相差较大,Zn(111)表面Hollow吸附位点的吸附能为-1.57 eV,为化学吸附。吸附能较大时对应的HCN的键长键角变化率较大。HCN在Zn表面的吸附要强于在Cu表面的吸附。HCN吸附在金属表面后,电子从吸附剂表面转移到HCN上,同一吸附剂表面不同吸附位点的吸附能越大,电子转移数量越多。吸附后HCN态密度曲线整体向低能级移动,峰值降低,其结构变得更加稳定。     

Cu,Zn-SOD在银电极上的原位表面增强Raman光谱

本文应用原位共焦拉曼光谱技术观察了Cu ,Zn -SOD分子在经表面增强处理后的银电极上 ,吸附状态随电位跃迁变化的过程。结果表明在 -0 2V～ 0 1V的电位区间内 ,Cu,Zn -SOD分子经由羧酸根离子吸附于银电极表面 ,而在 0 2～ 0 4V电位区间内发生脱附 ,表面吸附的物种改变为缓冲溶液中的磷酸根离子。上述结果为SOD分子在固体电极表面电子传递机制的探索提供了依据。     

A new cell for X-ray absorption spectroscopy study under high pressure

X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the investigation of the local environment around selected atoms in condensed matter. XAFS under pressure is an important method for the synchrotron source. We design a cell for a high pressure XAFS experiment. Sintered boron carbide is used as the anvils of this high pressure cell in order to obtain a full XAFS spectrum free from diffraction peaks. In addition, a hydraulic pump was adopted to make in-suit pressure modulation. High quality XAFS spectra of ZrH2 under high pressure (up to 13 Gpa) were obtained by this cell.     

A new cell for X-ray absorption spectroscopy study under high pressure

X-ray absorption fine structure （XAFS） spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the investigation of the local environment around selected atoms in condensed matter. XAFS under pressure is an important method for the synchrotron source. We design a cell for a high pressure XAFS experiment. Sintered boron carbide is used as the anvils of this high pressure cell in order to obtain a full XAFS spectrum free from diffraction peaks. In addition, a hydraulic pump was adopted to make in-suit pressure modulation. High quality XAFS spectra of ZrH2 under high pressure （up to 13 GPa） were obtained by this cell.     

空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定烟草中锌、铜、镉

空气 -乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定烟草样品中的锌、铜、镉 ,探讨了烟草样品的前处理与试液制备。方法快速、简便 ,干扰少 ,测定结果令人满意。     

XRF测定铅锌矿选矿流程中铅,锌,铜

本文叙述一个ＸＲＦ粉末法测定铅锌矿选矿流程中铅，锌，铜的方法，选用精，中矿和原，尾矿两个标准系列。ＲｈＫａ康普顿散射线作内标克服质量吸收系数变化带来的影响，用经验系数法校正基体效应，与化学分析方法相比，本法县有测定组分含量范围广，简便，快速，准确和成本低等特点，配合选矿试验大大加快造矿周期，提高工效数倍。     

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr

比较近海海洋沉积物成分分析标准物质(GBW 07314)在HNO3-HCl-H2O2体系微波消解和HNO3-HCl-HF-HClO4体系电热板消解下,用原子吸收分光光度计来测定样品中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr含量,分析结果与标准值的差异情况.结果显示,两种方法消解样品,检测值在标准值范围内,但由于电热板消解方法的繁琐性,我们选择微波消解方法来前处理样品.通过对GBW 07314样品采用HNO3-HCl-H2O2体系微波消解,平行样测定(n=6),测定结果的相对标准偏差和回收率都得到满意的结果.     

ICP-MS测定土壤样品中的有效锰、铜和锌

以DTPA提取土壤中的有效锰、铜、锌,不经分离富集,电感耦合等离子体质谱直接测定土壤样品中的有效锰、铜和锌,方法检出限分别可达0.042μg/L、0.039μg/L、0.028μg/L.通过对国家土壤有效态一级标准物质测试,测定结果基本一致;GBW 07412标准物质11次测定锰、铜和锌的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.49%、3.72%、5.65%.     

FAAS法测定银杏胶囊中镁、锰、锌和铜

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了银杏胶囊中Mg、Mn、Zn和Cu 4种金属元素的含量.结果表明,银杏胶囊中含有丰富的Mg、Mn、Zn、Cu元素,元素含量Mg＞Zn＞Mn＞Cu,测定结果为探讨中成药中金属元素与治疗心脑血管病之间的关系提供了有用的数据.     

ICP－AES法测定儿童血液中的Zn、Ca、Fe、Cu和Mg

本文研究了全血中锌、钙、铁、铜、镁微量元素的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法的测定。方法简便，具有良好的精密度和准确度，相对标准偏差分别为Ｚｎ１．６％、Ｃａ１．４％、Ｆｅ１．１％、Ｃｕ２．１％、Ｍｇ１．１％。回收率在９５％－１０５％之间。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定阳春砂仁中铜、锌、锰和铁

样品经灰化处理后,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定样品中铜、锌、锰和铁的含量,平均加标回收率为85.5%-99.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.70%-2.70%.在给定范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.998,方法简便,快速,结果可靠.     

光谱、波谱法研究铜锌超氧歧化酶与氯化钴(Ⅱ)、组氨酸钴(Ⅱ)相互作用

我们首次发现的铜锌超氧歧化酶（Ｃｕ２Ｚｎ２ＳＯＤ）与氨基酸等发生直接相互作用的现象,是一种前人未研究过的重要的生化新现象［１］。在此新发现的基础上,本文用ＩＣＰ,ＶＩＳ,ＮＭＲ和酶活性测定等方法,又从不同角度拓展研究了Ｃｕ２Ｚｎ２ＳＯＤ酶与两类不同化合物,即无机氯化钴（ＣｏＣｌ２）、有机组氨酸钴（Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）（Ｈｉｓ）ｎ）的直接相互作用,发现酶活性中心金属离子同样与外加的这两类不同化合物发生相互作用,相应地影响了酶的催化活性。还发现Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）（Ｈｉｓ）ｎ比ＣｏＣｌ２与酶相互作用更强、更快,Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）（Ｈｉｓ）ｎ中的Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）更易进入酶中,更影响了酶的催化活性。     

Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the fluorescence of indole derivatives

Effects of hydrostatic pressure on the fluorescence emission of L-tryptophan, N-acetyl-L-trytophanamide and indole were investigated. An increase in pressure ranging from 1 bar to 2.4 kbar results in reversible red-shifts of the emission of the three fluorophores. The pressure-induced redshift amounts to about 170 cm^–1 at 2.4 kbar, and appears related to changes in Stokes shift of the fluorophores caused by pressure effects on the dielectric constant and/or refractive index of the medium. As the pressure range investigated here is the range commonly used in studies of protein subunit association and/or folding, these observations raise the need for caution in interpreting pressure-induced spectral shifts. The significance of these observations to pressure studies of proteins is illustrated by investigation of pressure effects on human Cu,Zn Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and azurin fromPseudomonas aeruginosa. A reversible 170 cm^–1 red-shift of the emission of SOD was observed upon pressurization to 2.4 kbar. This might be interpreted as pressure-induced conformational changes of the protein. However, further studies using SOD that had been fully unfolded by guanidine hydrochloride, and fluorescence anisotropy measurements indicated that the observed red-shift was likely due to a direct effect of pressure on the fluorescence of the single tryptophan residue of SOD. Similar pressure-induced red-shifts were also observed for the buried tryptophan residue of azurin or for azurin that had been previously denatured by guanidine hydrochloride. These observations further suggest that the effective dielectric constant of the protein matrix is affected by pressure similarly to water.     

ICP-AES法测定人发中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn和Ca

本文报导了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定人发中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ和Ｃａ的方法。确定了仪器工作条件，并对酸度等的影响进行了探讨。人发标准物质的测定值与标准值很好地吻合。     

67Zn Mössbauer study of Cu−Zn alloys at high pressure

The high-resolution 93.3-keV Mössbauer resonance in⁶⁷Zn was used to investigate Cu?Zn alloys (brass) containing 16.6 wt.% Zn (α-phase) and 50.5 wt.% Zn (β'-phase) at pressures up to 6.2 GPa and at 4.2 K. The recoil-free fraction and the center shift change linearly with reduced volume. The decrease of the center shift is due to the second-order Doppler effect which is partially compensated by the increase of the s-electron density at the⁶⁷Zn nucleus when the conduction electrons are compressed. In α-brass short-range order leads to four different Cu?Zn configurations. One of them exhibits a center shift which nearly coincides with that of the β'-phase.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中有效态Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn

用稀HCl溶液提取土壤中有效态Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn,采用原子吸收光谱法测定其含量.样品加标回收率为93.0%-102.4%,相对标准偏差小于5.0%.该方法简便、快速,灵敏度高,检出限低,干扰小,结果令人满意.     

Local structure of Mn in (Ga,Mn)As probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Local structure of Mn atoms in Ga_1−xMn_xAs epilayers was studied using the X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at Mn K-edge. X-ray near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) techniques were used. XAFS spectra for different Mn sites has been calculated and compared with the experimental data. Multi-parameter fitting of the EXAFS data indicates that 15-25% of Mn atoms are in interstitial sites in the as grown films. The Mn-As bond length has been found longer than Ga-As bond length in GaAs for both substitutional (Mn_Ga) and interstitial (Mn_I) sites.