Pressure-induced phase transition of wulfenite

The in-situ high-pressure structures of wulfenite have been investigated by means of angular dispersive X-ray diffraction with diamond anvil cell and synchrotron radiation. In the pressure up to 22.9 GPa, a pressure-induced scheelite-to-fergusonite transition is observed at about 10.6 GPa. The pressure dependence for the lattice parameters of wulfenite is reported, and the axial compression coefficients Ka₀=－1.36×10^－3 GPa^－1 and Kc₀= －2.78×10^－3 GPa^－1 are given. The room-temperature isothermal bulk modulus is also obtained by fitting the P-V data using the Murnaghan equation of state.

     

Characterization of the fcc-distorted fcc-structural transition in lanthanum in an extended pressure and temperature range

Abstract

The displacive transition in La is studied in the pressure range up to 26 GPa and under temperatures up to 630 K with angular dispersive X-ray diffraction at the ESRF and with energy dispersive X-ray diffraction in HASYLAB to elucidate further details of this transition with an extension of the transition line up to 22.5(5) GPa and 590(10) K and a determination of the order parameter down to a level of η ≈=5· 10^?4.     

Successive phase transitions in the highly ordered complex perovskite PbLu1/2Nb1/2O3

The structural phase transitions and the electrical behaviour of the complex perovskite PbLu_1/2Nb_1/2O₃ have been investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, dielectric constant measurements, differential scanning calorimetry and measurement of the polarisation as a function of applied electric field. The high-temperature paraelectric phase is highly ordered. A first-order paraelectric-antiferroelectric phase transition occurs at 270°C and an antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition, characterised by dispersion in the curves of dielectric constant as a function of temperature, occurs at ≈ 30°C. The antiferroelectric phase is isostructural with the orthorhombic form of PbYb1/₂Nb1/₂O₃. The low-temperature ferroelectric phase also has an orthorhombic crystal structure.     

Domain population in SrTiO3 below the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition

High-angle double-crystal X-ray diffractometry (HADOX) has been applied to measure the intensity around three reciprocal lattice points: 400, 040 and 004 of SrTiO₃. Each point splits into two in the tetragonal phase according to the appearance of three kinds of domains; the temperature dependence of the intensity of component peaks at these points was measured under identical conditions. The results show that the domain population varies with temperature in a range of about 20 K below the transition. It is found, however, that the total intensities of 400 and 004 of the tetragonal phase are constant; this is observed by summing up the relevant intensity at the three reciprocal lattice points.     

Structural phase transition in substituted La2CuO4 and Pr2CuO4−y

The structural phase transition from orthorhombic (T) phase to tetragonal (T′) phase in substituted La_2−x R _x CuO₄ (R = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) and T′ to T-phase in Pr_2−x M _x CuO_4−y (M = Sr, Ca) has been studied by X-ray diffraction technique. The T-phase of La₂CuO₄ is transferred to T′ phase abruptly atx=0.8, 0.4, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.4 respectively for substitution of Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd for La in La₂CuO₄ without evidence of the T* phase. The T′ structure of Pr₂CuO₄ (x = 0.0) gets transformed to the T* structure at 30% Ca doping (x=0.6) and then to the T structure at 50% Ca doping (x=1.0), while for Sr-contentx=0.0, 0.4 and 1.0 it shows T′, T* and T structure respectively.     

Fe-doping induced Griffiths-like phase in La0.7Ba0.3CoO3

The effect of Fe-doping on the magnetic properties of the ABO3-type perovskite cobaltites La0.7Ba0.3Co1 yFeyO3 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.80) is reported.With no apparent structural change in any doped sample,the Curie temperature (TC) and the magnetization (M) are greatly suppressed for y ≤ 0.30 samples,while a distinct increase in TC for the y = 0.40 sample is observed.With the further increase of Fe concentration,TC increases monotonically.Griffiths-like phases in 0.40 ≤ y ≤ 0.60 samples are confirmed.The formation of the Griffiths-like phase is ascribed to B-site disordering induced isolation of ferromagnetic (FM) clusters above TC.     

High pressure X-ray diffraction study of CaMnO3 perovskite

Using a diamond anvil cell device and synchrotron radiation,the in-situ high-pressure structure of CaMnO3 has been investigated.In the pressure up to 36.5 GPa,no pressure-induced phase transition is observed.The pressure dependence on the lattice parameters of CaMnO3 is reported,and the relationship of the axial compression coefficients is βa 〉 βc 〉 βb.The isothermal bulk modulus K298=224（25） GPa is also obtained by fitting the pressure-volume data using the Murnaghan equation of state.     

High pressure X-ray diffraction study of CaMnO3 perovskite

Using a diamond anvil cell device and synchrotron radiation,the in-situ high-pressure structure of CaMnO3 has been investigated.In the pressure up to 36.5 GPa,no pressure-induced phase transition is observed.The pressure dependence on the lattice parameters of CaMnO3 is reported,and the relationship of the axial compression coefficients is βa >βc > βb.The isothermal bulk modulus K298=224(25)GPa is also obtained by fitting the pressure-volume data using the Murnaghan equation of state.     

High pressure X-ray diffraction study of SrMnO3 perovskite

Using a diamond anvil cell device and synchrotron radiation, the in-situ high-pressure structure of SrMnO3 has been investigated. At pressure up to 28.6 GPa, no pressure-induced phase transition is observed. The lattice parameters as a function of pressure is reported, and the relationship of the axial compression coefficients is β<,a>> β<,c>. The isothermal bulk modulus K<,298>=266(4) GPa is also obtained by fitting the pressure- volume data using the Murnaghan equation of state.     

A-site ordered quadruple perovskite oxides AA'_3B_4O_(12)

The A-site ordered perovskite oxides with chemical formula AA'_3B_4O_(12)display many intriguing physical properties due to the introduction of transition metals at both A and B sites. Here, research on the recently discovered intermetallic charge transfer occurring between A-site Cu and B-site Fe ions in La Cu_3Fe_4O_(12) and its analogues is reviewed, along with work on the magnetoelectric multiferroicity observed in La Mn_3Cr_4O_(12) with cubic perovskite structure. The Cu–Fe intermetallic charge transfer(LaCu_3~(3+)Fe_4~(3+)O_(12)→ LaCu_3~(2+)Fe_4~(3.75+)O_(12)) leads to a first-order isostructural phase transition accompanied by drastic variations in magnetism and electrical transport properties. The La Mn_3Cr_4O_(12) is a novel spindriven multiferroic system with strong magnetoelectric coupling effects. The compound is the first example of cubic perovskite multiferroics to be found. It opens up a new arena for studying unexpected multiferroic mechanisms.     

High pressure X-ray diffraction study of SrMnO3 perovskite

Using a diamond anvil cell device and synchrotron radiation, the in-situ high-pressure structure of SrMnO₃ has been investigated. At pressure up to 28.6 GPa, no pressure-induced phase transition is observed. The lattice parameters as a function of pressure is reported, and the relationship of the axial compression coefficients is β_a>β_c. The isothermal bulk modulus K₂₉₈=266(4) GPa is also obtained by fitting the pressure-volume data using the Murnaghan equation of state.     

Thermal expansion and spontaneous strain of KMnF3 near the 186 K-structural phase transition

Abstract

By means of high-angle double-crystal X-ray diffractometry (HADOX), the thermal expansivity of KMnF₃ has been determined. The linear thermal expansion coefficient along each crystallographic axis exhibits a divergent anomaly at the structural phase transition at 186 K. The critical exponents of these coefficients are determined: in the cubic phase α = 0.21 ± 3, and in the tetragonal phase α′ = 0.19 ± 3 for the a axis and α″ = 0.35 ± 3 for the c axis.

In addition, the critical exponent of the spontaneous strain, c/a ? 1, is determined to be 0.4248 ± 8, which is smaller than that of the order parameter 2β = 0.5714 ± 12. These values are reasonable if the transition occurs in the vicinity of a tricritical point.     

A study of disorder in the arrangement of Pb atoms of the PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 single crystals above the curie point

A precision X-ray diffraction study of PbFe_0.5Nb_0.5O₃ crystal in a paraelectric phase at 160°C has shown the presence of small disordered displacements of the Pb atoms from their sites in the ideal perovskite structure. Several models of such displacements were considered. The lowest discrepancy factor R is 0.0472.     

铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷的X射线衍射与相变分析

分析了斜方相、四方相铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷材料的结构和X射线衍射图谱的特点. 对于铌酸钾钠基压电材料斜方相结构, 从构成晶胞的一个单斜原胞进行分析, 计算出X射线衍射谱上每个衍射角附近的衍射峰数目和相对强度. 提出了2θ在20°—60°范围内根据(1 0 2)衍射峰(52°附近)和(1 2 1)衍射峰(57°附近)劈裂的数目区分斜方和四方相的新方法. 对于多晶陶瓷粉末, 可以更简便的由22°(或45°)附近前后峰的相对高低来判断斜方、四方相. 关键词： 铌酸钾钠 无铅压电陶瓷 X射线衍射 相变     

Dielectric response of PVC polymer loaded with Ba0.3Na0.7Ti0.3Nb0.7O3 ceramic powder

Dielectric response of poly(vinyl chloride), (PVC), loaded with different amount of Ba_0.3Na_0.7Ti_0.3Nb_0.7O₃ (BNTN) ceramic powders was investigated in frequency range 100 Hz–1 MHz and temperature range 100–450 K. Ceramic solid solution of barium titanate and sodium niobate with composition Ba_0.3Na_0.7Ti_0.3Nb_0.7O₃ was obtained from BaCO₃, TiO₂, Na₂CO₃ and Nb₂O₅ by conventional method. Powders were prepared by grinding of ceramics. The obtained ceramics, used to produce BNTN–PVC composites, are characterized by the relaxor behaviour with a broad peak of dielectric permittivity ε′ at T _m ≈ 230 K. The microstructure of the powders was observed and the grain size was estimated using scanning electron microscope Hitachi S-4700. The EDS analysis confirms the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of powders and ceramics. The BNTN–PVC composite samples of 0-3 connectivity were prepared from ceramic and polymer powders by hot-pressing method. The dielectric response of the composites displays features originated from the PVC polymer modified by those of BNTN ceramics. The relaxation time of the α-process of PVC obeys the Vogel–Fulcher law and decreases with increasing volume fraction of the ceramics.     

Pressure effect on phase transition in ferroelectic polymers

Pressure effects of phase transition behaviour in two kinds of ferroelectric polymers of poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, and copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, (VDF/TrFE), are discussed. In the case of PVDF, several high-pressure treatments including a high-pressure annealing and a uniaxial compression were shown to induce a crystal transformation from a non-polar Form II crystal to a polar Form I crystal, which has ferroelectric characteristics and high piezoelectric activity. In addition, substantial pressure effects on ferroelectric phase transition points as well as crystal structures were observed for (VDF/TrFE) copolymers with different VDF contents. The most significant pressure effects were observed for copolymer samples with unstable ferroelectric structures at atmospheric pressure. From high-pressure X-ray and Raman scattering studies, these pressure effects were suggested to originate from the pressure-induced conformational transition from gauche to trans in the molecular chains.     

Dielectric properties of Pb(Mg1/4Zn1/4Nb1/2)O11/4

Polycrystalline samples of Pb(Mg_1/4Zn_1/4Nb_1/2)O_11/4 have been synthesized by high temperature columbite precursor solid state reaction technique. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, compound formation in single phase cubic structure was observed and XRD analysis provided preliminary structural data. Detailed studies of dielectric properties of the compound reveal that this compound has high dielectric constant and diffuse phase transition in a wide range of temperatures around the Curie temperature. The charge deficiency of the compound presumably gets compensated in the high temperature columbite precursor process of sample preparation which is supported by single phasic form of the material.     

基于La_(1.4)Ca_(1.6)Mn_2O_7结构、电输运及磁性研究(英文)

我们制备了名义成分是La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7的多晶样品,并且研究了它的结构、磁性和电性.利用Rietveld方法对X射线衍射数据进行精修的结果表明,该La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7是由钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.66 Ca0.34 MnO3和氧化钙CaO组成的复相混合物.其中,La0.66 Ca0.34 MnO3占相成分的大部分,而CaO占小部分.我们对比了该名义组分样品La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7和La0.7 Ca0.3 MnO3的铁磁居里转变温度和绝缘体-金属转变温度,结果表明该La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7的磁输运性质是由其中的钙钛矿相成分决定的.所有的这些结果表明,名义组分样品La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7实际上并没有形成所谓的Sr3Ti2O7型的双层结构,而实际形成的是以钙钛矿结构作为主相的复相混合物.     

Structural phase transitions at high-temperature in double perovskite Sr2GdRuO6

The crystal structure evolution of the Sr₂GdRuO₆ complex perovskite at high-temperature has been investigated over a wide temperature range between 298 K≤T≤1273 K. Powder X-ray diffraction measurements at room temperature and Rietveld analysis show that this compounds crystallizes in a monoclinic perovskite-type structure with P2₁/n (#14) space group and the 1:1 ordered arrangement of Ru⁵⁺ and Gd³⁺ cations over the six-coordinate M sites, with lattice parameters a=5.81032(8) Å, b=5.82341(4) Å, c=8.21939(7) Å, V=278.11(6) Å³ and angle β=90.311(2)^o. The high-temperature analysis shows that this material suffers two-phase transitions. At 373 K it adopts a monoclinic perovskite structure with I2/m space group, and lattice parameters a=5.81383(2) Å, b=5.82526(4) Å, c=8.22486(1) Å, V=278.56(2) Å³ and angle β=90.28(2)^o. Above of 773 K, it suffers a phase transition from monoclinic I2/m to tetragonal I4/m, with lattice parameters a=5.84779(1) Å, c=8.27261(1) Å, V=282.89(5) Å³ and angle β=90.02(9)^o. The high-temperature phase transition from monoclinic I2/m to tetragonal I4/m is characterized by strongly anisotropic displacements of the anions.     

室温下Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3薄膜的瞬态光响应特性

在室温下利用波长532nm，脉冲宽度7ns的纳秒脉冲激光研究了不同电压和激光能量密度作用下Pr_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃薄膜的瞬态光响应特性.在激光能量密度为275.16mJ/cm²时，其最大电阻变化率达到92.3%，响应时间约36ns.室温下电压变化对薄膜的光响应特性影响不大，而诱导光能量密度的影响则很明显，能量密度越大，电阻变化越大，响应时间越短，并且电阻变化和响应时间均与激光能量密度呈非线性关系.这种光响应来源于薄膜中的光致非稳态绝缘体-金属相变，有望在新型光电器件上获得应用.