Pressure induced resistivity changes in diluted magnetic semiconductors of (Hg,Fe)Se and (Hg,Mn)Te

Abstract

Electrical resistance measurements have been performed on samples of Hg_1-xFe_xSe and Hg_1-xMn_xTe for × ≤ 0.30 as a function of pressure to 7.0 GPa. Both materials crystallize in the B3 structure at atmospheric pressure and room temperature and belong to the class of materials known as diluted magnetic semiconductors. At elevated pressures, HgTe undergoes a phase change from the B3 to B9 phase which is accompanied by an increase in the electrical resistivity of several orders of magnitude. The results reported here are that increasing × in both materials serves to increase the B3-B9 transition pressure. The implication being that partial replacement of the Hg-bonds by Fe-Se and Mn-Te, respectively, increases the stability range of the B3 phase     

Electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of UP1−xSx

UP, US, and their solid solutions of several compositions were prepared, and the electrical resistivities of these samples were measured from liquid nitrogen temperature to 1000 K and the thermal diffusivities from 300 to 1000 K. It was shown that the resistivity of UP_1?xS_x at the paramagnetic region arose mainly from the scattering of conduction electrons by disordered spins localized at uranium ion sites. The resistivity of UP_0.4S_0.6 showed another anomaly below the transition temperature. A gentle hump of the thermal diffusivity of UP was observed at about 650 K. This was concluded to be due to the anomalous negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity observed above the Néel temperature up to about 550 K. The composition dependence of thermal conductivity of UP_1?xS_x was compared with that of UC_1?xN_x by separating the total conductivity into electronic and phonon contributions.     

High-pressure phases of plutonium monoselenide studied by X-ray diffraction

Abstract

Plutonium monoselenide was studied under high pressure up to 47 GPa, at room temperature, using a diamond anvil cell in an energy dispersive X-ray diffraction facility. At ambient pressure, PuSe has the NaC1-type (B1) structure. The compound has been found to undergo a second-order crystallographic phase transition at around 20 GPa. This phase can be described as a distorted B1 structure, with a rhombohedral symmetry. PuSe transforms to a new phase at around 35 GPa, which can be indexed in the cubic CsCl-type (B2). The volume collapse at this phase transition is 11%. When releasing pressure, we observed a strong hysteresis to the inverse transformation down to 5 GPa. From the pressure-volume relationship, the bulk modulus has been determined to B ₀ = 98 GPa and its pressure derivative as B ₀ = 2.6. These results are compared to those obtained with other actinide monmictides and monochalcogenides.     

High-pressure studies on nanocrystalline borderline Co1–xFexS2 (x = 0.4 and 0.5) using Mössbauer spectroscopic and electrical resistivity techniques up to 8 GPa

ABSTRACT

Like bulk, Co_1–xFe_xS₂ nanoparticles also display an anomaly at x = 0.5. The borderline contiguous Co_1–xFe_xS₂ (x = 0.4 and 0.5) nanoparticles were synthesized with colloidal method and characterized for pyrite structure using various techniques, viz., X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), S K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy. The report presents the effect of high pressure on the borderline compositions using the Mössbauer spectroscopic and electrical resistivity techniques. Magnetic measurements on the system showed drastic lowering of Tc due to nanosize of the particles. With increased pressure, quadrupole splitting showed an expected trend of increase to attain a peak representing a second-order phase transition between 4 and 5 GPa for both the compositions. The pressure coefficient of electrical resistivity varied from –0.02 GPa to –0.06 GPa across transition pressure indicating a sluggish nature of transition. This is the first report of pressure effect on nanosized borderline compositions.     

Dependence of T<Subscript>c</Subscript> on hydrostatic pressure in a 123 superconductor

Hydrostatic pressure studies on the tetragonal 123 superconductor (La_1-xCa_x) (Ba_1.75-xLa_0.25+x)Cu₃O_y for x =0.1 and variable oxygen content y show that increases rapidly under pressure (+5 K/GPa) for underdoped, optimally doped and overdoped samples. This points to a common cause for the pressure-induced changes in the superconductivity at all levels of doping, with negligible effects from charge transfer. Weak relaxation behavior in is observed only for the most underdoped sample. Received 26 August 1999     

High pressure structural phase transition and elastic properties of Ga<Subscript>1-x</Subscript>In<Subscript>x</Subscript>As semiconducting compounds

The present paper addresses the high-pressure phase transformation and mechanical properties of Ga_1-xIn_xAs (x = 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75) by formulating an effective interionic interaction potential. This potential consists of the long-range Coulomb and charge transfer caused by the deformation of the electron shells of the overlapping ions and the Hafemeister and Flygare type short-range overlap repulsion extended upto the second neighbor ions and the van der Waals (vdW) interaction. The estimated values of phase transition pressure and the vast volume discontinuity in pressure-volume (PV) phase diagram indicate the structural phase transition from zinc blende (B3) to rock salt (B1). The equation of state curves plotted between V (P)/ V (0) and pressure are for both the zincblende (B3) and rocksalt (B1) structures. Further, the variations of the second and third order elastic constants with pressure have followed a systematic trend, which are almost identical to those exhibited by the observed data measured for other compounds of this family.     

Hg1-xCdxTe在高压下的结构、状态方程与相变

 利用X射线粉末衍射方法,在室温高压下观察到了Hg_1-xCd_xTe（x=0.19）的相变。实验是在DAC高压装置上完成的,压力从0逐步加至10.1 GPa。在常温常压下Hg_1-xCd_xTe（x=0.19）具有闪锌矿结构。从实验结果看到,在压力为3 GPa和6.8～8.3 GPa之间有两个结构相变存在。初步认为,后一个相变与Hg_1-xCd_xTe（x=0.19）的金属化有密切关系。通过计算,得到了它在相变前的状态方程,并且与二元HgTe化合物在相变规律上进行了比较。     

Cd1-xZnxTe在高压下的电学性质、状态方程与相变

 在金刚石压砧装置上,采用电阻和电容测量方法研究了Cd_1-xZn_xTe（x=0.04）在室温下、17 GPa内的电阻、电容与压力的关系。实验结果表明,它在3.1 GPa左右和5 GPa左右发生了两次电子结构相变,而在3.1 GPa以上和5.7 GPa左右发生了两次晶体结构相变。同时,还在活塞-圆筒测量装置上研究了Cd_1-xZn_xTe（x=0.04）在室温下、4.5 GPa内的p-V关系。实验结果表明它在3.8 GPa左右发生了相变。本工作还给出了它在相变前后的状态方程,以及它的Grüneisen参数γ₀、体弹模量B₀ 与B₀ 的压力导数B₀′。     

Pressure effect on structural,electronic optical and thermodynamic properties of cubic AlxIn1-xP: a first-principles study

ABSTRACT

First-principles total energy calculations have been performed using the full potential linearised augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2k code based on the density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the Al-doping effects on the structural, electronic and optical properties of Al_xIn_1-xP ternary alloys in the zinc-blende (ZB) phase. Different approximations of exchange-correlations energy were used such as the local density approximation (LDA), the generalised gradient approximation within parameterisation of Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE-GGA), and the Wu-Cohen (WC-GGA). In addition, we have calculated the band structures with high accuracy using the Tran-Blaha modified Becke–Johnson (TB-mBJ) approach. The pressure dependence of the electronic and optical properties of binary AlP, InP compounds and their related ternary alloys Al_xIn_1-xP were also investigated under hydrostatic pressure for (P?=?0.0, 5.0,10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0?GPa), where it is found that InP compound change from direct to indirect band gap for P?≥?9.16?GPa. Furthermore, we have calculated the thermodynamic properties of InP and AlP binary compounds as well as the Al_xIn_1-xP solid solutions, where the quasi-harmonic Debye model has been employed to predict the pressure and temperature dependent Gibbs free energy, heat capacity, Debye temperature and entropy.     

High pressure electrical resistivity studies on Ga-Te glasses

Abstract

Bulk, semiconducting Ga_xTe_100-x (17 ≤ x ≤ 25) glasses are prepared by the meltingh quenching method and electrical resistivity measurements are carried out at high pressures up to 8 GPa and low temperatures down to 77 K in a Bridgman anvil system. It is found that all the Ga_xTe_100-x, glasses exhibit metallization under pressure, with a continuous decrease in electrical resistivity and activation energy for conduction. Further, the high pressure metallic phases of Ga_xTe_100-x samples are found to be crystalline.     

Pressure and photo-induced phase transitions in sulphur investigated by Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

The phase transition of orthorhombic sulphur α-S₈ to a high pressure amorphous sulphur allotrope (a-S) has been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The conversion is found to be induced by the absorption of laser light and can be discussed in terms of ring opening followed by cis-trans conversion of the dihedral angle of S₈ molecules. Laser energy and transition pressure are correlated due to the pressure tuned red shift of the absorption edge of α-S₈. The amorphous (a-S) phase is observed up to 15 GPa at laser intensities below 30μW/μm² at 514.5 and 488.0 nm. Above this threshold power a-S transforms into a second photo-induced phase (p-S), whose discrete Raman spectrum implies an ordered molecular and crystalline structure. By further increasing pressure crystalline S₆ can be created which is found to be the dominant molecular species at pressures above 10 GPa and low temperatures. A phase diagram in the range T < 300 K and p < 15 GPa is also presented.     

Pressure effect on the magnetic phase diagram of Hf1-xTaxFe2 alloys

Abstract

The lattice constants of Hf_1-xTa_xFe₂ with C14 structure were measured at room temperature under pressure up to 5 GPa. The magnetic phase diagram obtained as a function of pressure was compared with that obtained as a function of Ta concentration x. It is shown that changes in lattice constants by applying pressure and /or by substituting Ta for Hf affect remarkably the magnetic phase stability, which is consistent qualitatively with a recent theoretical prediction based on the local spin density approximation.     

Structural phase transition in superconducting BaPb0.75Bi0.25O3

The room temperature crystallographic properties of distorted perovskite-type system BaPb_1-xBi_xO₃ were examined by using X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, structural temperature changes were investigated for superconducting BaPb_0.75Bi_0.25O₃ crystals with T_c=11.4K. It was found that the room temperature structure of BaPb_1-xBi_xO₃ has an orthorhombic symmetry in the range of O≤×?0.9 and a monoclinic one in 0.9?×≤1, and that superconducting BaPb_0.75Bi_0.25O₃ shows a structural transition from an orthorhombic to a monoclinic phase at about 160K.     

Pressure dependence electrical resistivity in DVT grown molybdenum dichalcogenides

Abstract

Single crystals of MoS _x Se_2?x (x=0, 1, 2) have been grown by direct vapour transport method. Pressure-dependent d.c. electrical resistivity measurements have been carried out on the grown crystals to check the possibility of phase transition up to 8 GPa. However, no such transition is observed in the present case but a decrease in resistivity is found with increase in pressure. The observed results have been analysed and discussed on the basis of band structure.     

Structural and magnetic phase transitions in Pr<Subscript>0.7</Subscript>Ca<Subscript>0.3</Subscript>MnO<Subscript>3</Subscript> at high pressures

The crystal structure and Raman spectra of Pr_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ manganite at high pressures of up to 30 GPa and the magnetic structure at pressures of up to 1 GPa have been studied. A structural phase transition from the orthorhombic phase of the Pnma symmetry to the high-pressure orthorhombic phase of the Imma symmetry has been observed at P ∼ 15 GPa and room temperature. Anomalies of the pressure dependences of the bending and stretching vibrational modes have been observed in the region of the phase transition. A magnetic phase transition from the initial ferromagnetic ground state (T _C = 120 K) to the A-type antiferromagnetic state (T _N = 140 K) takes place at a relatively low pressure of P = 1 GPa in the low-temperature region. The structural mechanisms of the change of the character of the magnetic ordering have been discussed.     

Structure and magnetism in compressed iron–cobalt alloys

Combined Co K-edge XANES-XMCD and XRD measurements were used to shed light on the magnetic and structural phase diagram of the Fe_1?x Co _x alloy under HP in the Co-rich region (x≥0.5). At 0.5≤x≤0.75, the alloy shows a pressure-induced structural/magnetic phase transition from bcc-FM to hcp-non-FM phase just like pure iron but at higher pressures. The x=0.9 sample has an fcc structure in the pressure range investigated but presents an FM to non-FM transition at P=64 GPa, a significantly lower pressure compared with pure Co (predicted ≈120 GPa), showing that Fe impurities strongly affect the HP Co response.     

A high pressure Raman study of TeO2 to 30 GPa and pressure-induced phase changes

The effect of pressure on the Raman modes in TeO₂ (paratellurite) has been investigated to 30GPa, using the diamond cell and argon as pressure medium. The pressure dependence of the Raman modes indicates four pressure-induced phase transitions near 1 GPa, 4.5 GPa, 11 GPa and 22 GPa. Of these the first is the well studied second-order transition fromD ₄ ⁴ symmetry toD ₂ ⁴ symmetry, driven by a soft acoustic shear mode instability. The remarkable similarity in the Raman spectra of phases I to IV suggest that only subtle changes in the structure are involved in these phase transitions. The totally different Raman spectral features of phase V indicate major structural changes at the 22GPa transition. It is suggested that this high pressure-phase is similar to PbCl₂-type, from high pressure crystal chemical considerations. The need for a high pressure X-ray diffraction study on TeO₂ is emphasized, to unravel the structure of the various high pressure phases in the system.     

高压下半磁半导体Cd1-xMnxSe的相变研究

利用金刚石对顶砧高压装置,并分别用光吸收和X射线衍射实验方法测量了Cd_1-xMn_xSe样品在高压下的相变,发现该样品的高压相变是不可逆,常压下Cd_1-xMn_xSe具有纤维锌矿结构,高压下变为NaCl结构,而卸压后成为闪锌矿结构,同时给出了Cd_1-xMn_xSe样品的相变压力及其与组分x的关系。 关键词：     

Superconducting and magnetic properties of Nb/Pd 1-xFex/Nb triple layers

The superconducting and magnetic properties of Nb/Pd_1-xFe_x/Nb triple layers with constant Nb layer thickness d_Nb=200 ? and different interlayer thicknesses 3 ?≤ d_PdFe ≤ ? are investigated. The thickness dependence of the magnetization and of the superconducting transition temperature shows that for small iron concentration x the Pd_1-xFe_x layer is likely to be in the paramagnetic state for very thin films whereas ferromagnetic order is established for x ≥ 0.13. The parallel critical field B_c2||(T){B_{c2||}}(T) exhibits a transition from two-dimensional (2D) behavior where the Nb films are coupled across the interlayer, towards a 2D behavior of decoupled Nb films with increasing d_PdFeand/or x. This transition allows a determination of the penetration depth x_F{\xi _F} of Cooper pairs into the Pd_1-xFe_x layer as a function of x. For samples with a ferromagnetic interlayer x_F{\xi _F} is found to be independent of x.     

Lanthanum-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics prepared by high-pressure technique

We present an effective way in this paper to increase the density of lanthanum doped bismuth titanate ceramics, Bi4-xLaxTi3O12 (BLT), thereby significantly improving the performance of the BLT ceramics. Dense BLT ceramicses, Bi4-xLaxTi3O12 (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0), are prepared by using nanocrystalline powders fabricated by a-gel method and high-pressure technique. The microstructures of the BLT ceramicses prepared separately by conventional-pressure and high-pressure techniques are investigated by using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. The influence of La-doping on the densification of bismuth titanate ceramics is investigated. The experimental results indicate that the phase compositions of all samples with various lanthanum dopings sintered at 900°C possess layer-structure of Bi4Ti3O12 . The green compacts are pressed under 2.5 GPa, 3.0 GPa, 3.5 GPa and 4.0 GPa, separately. It is found that the density of BLT ceramics is significantly increased due to the decreasing of porosity in the green compacts by high-pressure process.