The symmetry of the CS condition on one-sided ideals in a prime ring

Let R be a prime ring and e∈R be an idempotent. We show that eR_R is nonsingular, CS and if and only if is nonsingular, CS and .     

On hyper-singular integral operators with variable kernels

Let n?2, Sn−1 be the unit sphere in Rn. For 0?α<1, m∈N₀, 1<p?2, and Ω∈L^∞(Rn)×Hr(Sn−1) with (where Hr is the Hardy space if r?1 and Hr=Lr if 1<r<∞), we study the singular integral operator, for r?1, defined by

     

Singularly perturbed nonlinear Neumann problems with a general nonlinearity

Let Ω be a bounded domain in Rn, n?3, with the boundary ∂Ω∈C³. We consider the following singularly perturbed nonlinear elliptic problem on Ω

     

Concentrating solutions in a two-dimensional elliptic problem with exponential Neumann data

We consider the elliptic equation -Δu+u=0 in a bounded, smooth domain Ω in R² subject to the nonlinear Neumann boundary condition . Here ?>0 is a small parameter. We prove that any family of solutions u_? for which ?∫_∂Ωe^u is bounded, develops up to subsequences a finite number m of peaks ξ_i∈∂Ω, in the sense that as ?→0. Reciprocally, we establish that at least two such families indeed exist for any given m?1.     

Jensen's inequality for the lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope and relaxation of multidimensional control problems

Assume that K⊂Rnm is a convex body with o∈int(K) and is a function with f|K∈C⁰(K,R) and f|(Rnm?K)≡+∞. We show that its lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope

     

Schauder estimates for parabolic nondivergence operators of Hörmander type

Let X₁,X₂,…,Xq be a system of real smooth vector fields satisfying Hörmander's rank condition in a bounded domain Ω of Rn. Let be a symmetric, uniformly positive definite matrix of real functions defined in a domain U⊂R×Ω. For operators of kind

     

Continued fractions, special values of the double sine function, and Stark units over real quadratic fields

Let F be a real quadratic field and m an integral ideal of F. Two Stark units, εm,1 and εm,2, are conjectured to exist corresponding to the two different embeddings of F into R. We define new ray class invariants and associated to each class C₊ of the narrow ray class group modulo m and dependent separately on the two different embeddings of F into R. These invariants are defined as a product of special values of the double sine function in a compact and canonical form using a continued fraction approach due to Zagier and Hayes. We prove that both Stark units εm,1 and εm,2, assuming they exist, can be expressed simultaneously and symmetrically in terms of and , thus giving a canonical expression for every existent Stark unit over F as a product of double sine function values. We prove that Stark units do exist as predicted in certain special cases.     

Haj?asz-Sobolev imbedding and extension

The author establishes some geometric criteria for a Haj?asz-Sobolev -extension (resp. -imbedding) domain of Rn with n?2, s∈(0,1] and p∈[n/s,∞] (resp. p∈(n/s,∞]). In particular, the author proves that a bounded finitely connected planar domain Ω is a weak α-cigar domain with α∈(0,1) if and only if for some/all s∈[α,1) and p=(2−α)/(s−α), where denotes the restriction of the Triebel-Lizorkin space on Ω.     

Solution of a tridiagonal operator equation

Let H be a separable Hilbert space with an orthonormal basis {e_n/n∈N}, T be a bounded tridiagonal operator on H and T_n be its truncation on span ({e₁, e₂, … , e_n}). We study the operator equation Tx = y through its finite dimensional truncations T_nxⁿ = y_n. It is shown that if and are bounded, then T is invertible and the solution of Tx = y can be obtained as a limit in the norm topology of the solutions of its finite dimensional truncations. This leads to uniform boundedness of the sequence . We also give sufficient conditions for the boundedness of and in terms of the entries of the matrix of T.     

Mesh geometries of root orbits of integral quadratic forms

Integral quadratic forms q:Zⁿ→Z, with n≥1, and the sets R_q(d)={v∈Zⁿ;q(v)=d}, with d∈Z, of their integral roots are studied by means of mesh translation quivers defined by Z-bilinear morsifications b_A:Zⁿ×Zⁿ→Z of q, with Z-regular matrices A∈M_n(Z). Mesh geometries of roots of positive definite quadratic forms q:Zⁿ→Z are studied in connection with root mesh quivers of forms associated to Dynkin diagrams A_n,D_n,E₆,E₇,E₈ and the Auslander-Reiten quivers of the derived category D^b(R) of path algebras R=KQ of Dynkin quivers Q. We introduce the concepts of a Z-morsification b_A of a quadratic form q, a weighted Φ_A-mesh of vectors in Zⁿ, and a weighted Φ_A-mesh orbit translation quiver Γ(R_q,Φ_A) of vectors in Zⁿ, where R_q?R_q(1) and Φ_A:Zⁿ→Zⁿ is the Coxeter isomorphism defined by A. The existence of mesh geometries on R_q is discussed. It is shown that, under some assumptions on the morsification b_A:Zⁿ×Zⁿ→Z, the set admit a Φ_A-orbit mesh quiver , where Φ_A:Zⁿ→Zⁿ is the Coxeter isomorphism defined by A. Moreover, splits into three infinite connected components , , and , where are isomorphic to a translation quiver Z⋅Δ, with Δ an extended Dynkin quiver, and has the shape of a sand-glass tube.     

Fonction asymptotique de Samuel des sections hyperplanes et multiplicité

Let (A,m_A,k) be a local noetherian ring and I an m_A-primary ideal. The asymptotic Samuel function (with respect to I) : A?R∪{+∞} is defined by , ∀x∈A. Similarly, one defines, for another ideal J, as the minimum of as x varies in J. Of special interest is the rational number . We study the behavior of the asymptotic Samuel function (with respect to I) when passing to hyperplane sections of A as one does for the theory of mixed multiplicities.     

On the existence of local strong solutions for the Navier-Stokes equations in completely general domains

There are only very few results on the existence of unique local in time strong solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations for completely general domains Ω⊆R³, although domains with edges and corners, bounded or unbounded, are very important in applications. The reason is that the L^q-theory for the Stokes operator A is available in general only in the Hilbert space setting, i.e., with q=2. Our main result for a general domain Ω is optimal in a certain sense: Consider an initial value and a zero external force. Then the condition is sufficient and necessary for the existence of a unique local strong solution u∈L⁸(0,T;L⁴(Ω)) in some interval [0,T), 0<T≤∞, with u(0)=u₀, satisfying Serrin’s condition . Note that Fujita-Kato’s sufficient condition u₀∈D(A^1/4) is strictly stronger and therefore not optimal.     

On an eigenvalue problem involving variable exponent growth conditions

We study the problem in Ω, u=0 on ∂Ω, where Ω is a bounded domain in R^N, is a continuous function and λ and ε are two positive constants. We prove that for any ε>0 each λ∈(0,λ₁) is an eigenvalue of the above problem, where λ₁ is the principal eigenvalue of the Laplace operator on Ω. Moreover, for each eigenvalue λ∈(0,λ₁) it corresponds a unique eigenfunction. The proofs will be based on the Banach fixed point theorem combined with adequate variational techniques.     

On an inhomogeneous slip-inflow boundary value problem for a steady flow of a viscous compressible fluid in a cylindrical domain

We investigate a steady flow of a viscous compressible fluid with inflow boundary condition on the density and inhomogeneous slip boundary conditions on the velocity in a cylindrical domain Ω=Ω₀×(0,L)∈R³. We show existence of a solution , p>3, where v is the velocity of the fluid and ρ is the density, that is a small perturbation of a constant flow (, ). We also show that this solution is unique in a class of small perturbations of . The term u⋅∇w in the continuity equation makes it impossible to show the existence applying directly a fixed point method. Thus in order to show existence of the solution we construct a sequence (vn,ρn) that is bounded in and satisfies the Cauchy condition in a larger space L_∞(0,L;L₂(Ω₀)) what enables us to deduce that the weak limit of a subsequence of (vn,ρn) is in fact a strong solution to our problem.     

Simple arguments on consecutive power residues

By some extremely simple arguments, we point out the following:

(i)

If n is the least positive kth power non-residue modulo a positive integer m, then the greatest number of consecutive kth power residues mod m is smaller than m/n.

(ii)

Let OK be the ring of algebraic integers in a quadratic field with d∈{−1,−2,−3,−7,−11}. Then, for any irreducible π∈OK and positive integer k not relatively prime to , there exists a kth power non-residue ω∈OK modulo π such that .

     

Density of constant radius normal binary covering codes

A binary code with covering radius R is a subset C of the hypercube Q_n={0,1}ⁿ such that every x∈Q_n is within Hamming distance R of some codeword c∈C, where R is as small as possible. For a fixed coordinate i∈[n], define to be the set of codewords with a b in the ith position. Then C is normal if there exists an i∈[n] such that for any v∈Q_n, the sum of the Hamming distances from v to and is at most 2R+1. We newly define what it means for an asymmetric covering code to be normal, and consider the worst-case asymptotic densities ν^*(R) and of constant radius R symmetric and asymmetric normal covering codes, respectively. Using a probabilistic deletion method, and analysis adapted from previous work by Krivelevich, Sudakov, and Vu, we show that and , giving evidence that minimum size constant radius covering codes could still be normal.     

Solutions with spikes at the boundary for a 2D nonlinear Neumann problem with large exponent

We consider the elliptic equation −Δu+u=0 in a bounded, smooth domain Ω in R², subject to the nonlinear Neumann boundary condition . Here p>1 is a large parameter. We prove that given any integer m?1 there exist at least two families of solutions up developing exactly m peaks ξi∈∂Ω, in the sense that , as p→∞.