紫外分光光度法测定维拉帕米与牛血清白蛋白相互作用结合常数

采用紫外分光光度法对维拉帕米与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用进行研究,测定两者的结合常数K_b。实验结果表明,随着药物浓度的增大,蛋白与药物混合溶液的最大吸收波长出现红移,说明两者之间形成了配合物。通过线性拟合求得25℃时,维拉帕米与BSA的K_b值为4.41×10~3M~(-1),ΔG为-20.80 kJ·mol~(-1),ΔH为29.37kJ·mol~(-1),ΔS为168.27J·mol~(-1)。37℃时K_b值为6.98×10~3M~(-1),ΔG为-22.82kJ·mol~(-1),ΔH为29.37kJ·mol~(-1),ΔS为168.27J·mol~(-1)。热力学参数均表明维拉帕米与BSA之间的结合属自发过程,两者之间的作用力以疏水作用为主。     

毛细管电泳法对盐酸维拉帕米与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

本研究采用亲和毛细管电泳法(Affinity capillary electrop Horesis,ACE)对维拉帕米与牛血清白蛋白(Bovine Serum Albumin,BSA)的相互作用进行研究。以BSA为样品,以添加不同浓度药物的磷酸盐缓冲液(p H7.4,20 mmol·L~(-1))为背景缓冲溶液,采用以药物为添加剂的ACE方法,分别在25~oC和37~oC下进行毛细管电泳分离。根据各组分迁移时间,由Scatchard方程计算两个温度下药物与蛋白的结合常数K_b。实验结果表明,在ACE法中,随着药物浓度的增大,BSA与内标物的电泳迁移时间差值变大,由Scatchard方程计算得到维拉帕米与BSA在25~oC和37~oC时的K_b值分别为4.28×10~3M~(-1),ΔG为-20.73 k J·mol~(-1),ΔH为26.03 k J·mol~(-1),ΔS为157 J·mol~(-1)。在37℃时K_b值为6.43×10~3M~(-1),ΔG为-22.82 k J·mol~(-1),ΔH为26.03 k J·mol~(-1),ΔS为157 J·mol~(-1)。     

光谱法研究9-甲氧基喜树碱与BSA的相互作用

本文用吸收、荧光、圆二色等光谱法研究了9-甲氧基喜树碱(9-MCPT)与BSA的相互作用。随着9-MCPT的导入,BSA的吸收光谱发生位移,BSA的荧光发生猝灭并使荧光发射峰蓝移,说明9-MCPT与BSA发生了相互作用,且其产物是复合物。298K下体系的猝灭常数、结合常数和结合位点数分别为9.550×10~(4 )L·mol~(-1)、2.589×10~(4 )L·mol~(-1)和0.8949;并且猝灭常数随温度升高而减小,表明9-MCPT以静态方式猝灭BSA的荧光、结合比为1∶1。该体系的ΔH和ΔS均为负值,分别为-5.791 KJ·mol~(-1)、-2.636 J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1),说明BSA与9-MCPT的结合主要是氢键和范德华力所使,ΔG0表明9-MCPT自发与BSA发生作用。同步荧光光谱数据显示,9-MCPT接近BSA中酪氨酸残基。位点竞争实验显示9-MCPT-BSA的结合位点处于在BSAⅡA亚域内的SiteⅠ位点上。CD光谱中BSA的α-螺旋结构比例减少、β-折叠比例增加,表明9-MCPT改变了BSA的二级结构。     

邻苯二甲酸二乙酯与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱学研究

采用荧光光谱法与紫外光谱法研究了邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用机制。荧光猝灭结果表明,在模拟生理条件(pH=7.4)下,DEP对BSA主要为静态猝灭过程;298 K时的结合常数与结合位点数分别为2.69×10~4 L·mol~(-1)和0.93;热力学参数焓变(ΔH)与熵变(ΔS)均为正数,说明DEP与BSA之间主要为疏水作用力。依据F?rster非辐射能量转移理论求得DEP与BSA之间的结合距离为2.12nm,两者之间极有可能发生非辐射能量转移,由紫外光谱、同步荧光光谱和三维荧光光谱实验结果可知DEP诱导BSA分子构象发生变化。     

维生素E与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用及金属离子对其影响的研究

用光谱法研究了维生素E(VE)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。实验结果表明:VE能导致BSA的内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机制为静态猝灭。在294K和310K时,荧光猝灭速率常数(Ksv)分别为2.41×10~5 L·mol~(-1)和1.24×105 L·mol~(-1)、结合常数(KA)分别为1.33×10~4 L·mol~(-1)和1.49×10~3 L·mol~(-1)及结合位点数(n)分别为0.77和0.65。通过计算热力学参数可推断VE与BSA之间的主要作用力为氢键和范德华力。同步荧光的结果表明VE的存在改变了牛血清白蛋白的分子构象。讨论了金属离子对维生素E与BSA的相互作用的影响。     

重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用研究

本研究分别采用紫外分光光度法和亲和毛细管电泳法研究了重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素(NE-B)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。紫外光谱结果表明,NE-B与BSA形成结合物而使BSA的紫外吸收增强。亲和毛细管电泳结果表明,37℃与25℃时时二者的结合常数(K)为分别为K_1=1.03×10~4L·mol~(-1),K_2=9.14×10~3L·mol~(-1)。由热力学参数计算结果可知,NE-B与BSA之间的结合属自发过程,二者之间的作用力以疏水作用为主。     

光谱法与分子模拟对左旋紫草素和人血白蛋白键合作用的研究

采用荧光光谱法、紫外吸收光谱法和圆二色性光谱(CD)研究了模拟生理条件下左旋紫草素和人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用,计算了反应的结合常数、结合位点数和热力学参数,并探讨了左旋紫草素对人血清白蛋白二级结构的影响.在温度为292、303、310和318 K时,根据Scatchard方程测得左旋紫草素和HSA的结合常数分别为3.118×10~6、0.249×10~6、0.112×10~6 和0.102×10~6 L·mol~(-1),结合位点数分别为1.308、1.094、1.026和1.018;焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)分别为-104.82 kJ·mol~(-1)、-238.18 J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1),左旋紫草素在人血清白蛋白上的结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离为2.66 nm.分子模型研究表明,左旋紫草素与HSA在亚结构域ⅡA结合,二者间的作用力主要为疏水和氢键作用力.CD结果表明,左旋紫草素与HSA的键合使HSA中α-螺旋结构含量从55.80%降到52.31%.     

盐酸异丙肾上腺素与牛血清蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

本研究采用紫外和荧光光谱分析法研究了生理pH条件下盐酸异丙肾上腺素(HAI)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在不同温度(25℃和37℃)下的相互作用。实验结果表明,HAI使BSA紫外吸收峰增强,并使BSA的特征荧光峰猝灭,表明HAI与BSA形成结合物。HAI对BSA荧光猝灭机制为静态猝灭,属于单位点结合。25℃时两者之间的结合常数为7.41×103L·mol-1,ΔG为-22.10 kJ·mol-1,ΔH为25.86 kJ·mol-1,ΔS为940 J·mol-1。37℃时的结合常数为4.26×105L·mol-1,ΔH和ΔS与25℃时相同,ΔG为-33.41 kJ·mol-1。以上热力学参数表明HAI与BSA之间的结合属自发过程,两者之间的作用力以疏水作用为主。根据Fster非辐射能量转移理论计算出HAI与BSA间的结合距离为2.503nm。     

荧光光谱法研究除草醚与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

运用荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱研究水溶液中除草醚(NP)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.结果表明,NP与BSA形成基态复合物导致BSA内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭和非辐射能量转移.运用位点模型计算298 K、308 K、318 K时结合常数K_A分别为6.97×10~4、5.25×10~4 、4.96×10~4 L·mol~(-1),结合位点数n分别为0.98、0.92、0.96.根据热力学参数确定其作用力以疏水作用和静电作用为主;运用F(o)rster偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移原理,测定了NP与BSA的结合距离r为2.19 nm;用同步荧光技术初步考察了NP对BSA构象的影响.     

薰衣草花色苷与牛血清蛋白非共价相互作用研究

采用荧光光谱和紫外-可见光谱法研究了薰衣草花色苷与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用。结果表明:薰衣草花色苷对BSA有较强的内源荧光猝灭作用,其猝灭机制为静态猝灭,并伴有非辐射能量转移。在298,303和310 K时,荧光猝灭速率常数分别为1.65×10~4、0.98×10~4和0.78×10~4L·mol~(-1)、结合常数(Ka)分别为40680.85、14789.38和7598.01 L·mol~(-1)及对应的结合位点数(n)分别为1.09116、1.06521和0.97505。通过计算热力学参数可推断薰衣草花色苷与BSA之间的主要作用力为氢键和范德华力。同步荧光光谱和紫外-可见光谱表明薰衣草花色苷主要影响BSA氨基酸残基所处的微环境,特别是疏水作用减弱,从而改变了BSA的分子构象。另外,通过加入外源性金属Zn~(2+)离子,进一步证明了以上研究结果。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.