共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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醌霉素是一类由链霉菌产生的环状寡肽抗生素,结构上拥有一对特征性喹喔啉-2-甲酰基或3-羟基喹啉-2-甲酰基单元.醌霉素选择性插入到DNA分子的碱基对之间,抑制DNA的复制和转录,因而具有良好的肿瘤抑制活性.综述了近十年来醌霉素家族抗生素的生物合成研究进展,通过比较醌霉素不同代表成员的基因簇,归纳这些化合物与其它类型天然产物生物合成以及色氨酸分解代谢中的相似反应,并剖析催化这些反应的酶的功能特性,揭示了醌霉素的化学结构特征和其不同成员之间结构差异的形成原因.在此基础上,还介绍了在异源宿主大肠杆菌中用组合生物合成的方法产生醌霉素类非天然的天然产物的范例,展示了该类抗生素工业化生产的潜力. 相似文献
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灯台生物碱具有复杂多样的结构和显著的生理活性,针对此类分子的化学合成引起了有机化学界的广泛关注。其中的代表性化合物strictamine在结构上具有笼状的methanoquinolizidine核心骨架和C7位全碳季碳手性中心,在合成上具有重要挑战。关于该化合物的全合成已有超过40年的研究历史,而直到最近两年才取得突破性的进展。本文针对2016年以来关于strictamine的三条全合成和四条形式合成路线进行简要介绍,主要剖析了各条合成路线中的关键策略和反应,并对进一步的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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百部生物碱是从直立百部(Stemona sessilifolia)和其近缘植物的根部分离得到一类生物碱。在分子结构上,这类生物碱通常具有[1, 2-b]吡咯并[1, 2-a]氮杂卓的母核结构,并且由于在母核的多个位置有不同的取代基,从而表现出结构及生物活性的多样性,因而百部生物碱的全合成研究引起国内外化学家的关注。但是由于百部生物碱结构中具有复杂的多环结构及多个手性中心,此类天然产物的全合成研究具有较大的挑战。近年来,化学家们相继开发并应用高对映选择性的反应及串联反应等高效的策略,完成了多个百部生物碱的全合成研究,为百部生物碱进行深入生物活性研究及开发利用奠定了坚实的基础。本文基于本课题组的相关研究内容,综述了各种类型百部生物碱近年来的全合成研究进展。 相似文献
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单萜吲哚生物碱的仿生合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
单萜吲哚生物碱因其骨架和官能团的丰富变化,加上它们的生物活性,多年来 一直哟引着一代又一代的化学家对其进行结构和合成研究,它们的共同生物合成前 体strictosidine是由色胺和单萜苷secologanin缩合形成的。自从secologanin可 以大量得到以后,以它为原料沿着可能的生物合成路线合成天然生物碱即仿生合成 就成为一个重要的研究领域。它对于理解和阐释生物碱的生物合成过程,为提供天 然来源极少的生物碱供药理试验及对促进有机合成化学的发展等都是有重要意义。 这方面的研究也取得了许多重要进展,成功合成了一些重要的单萜吲哚生物碱,如 育亨宾类、钩藤碱、异钩藤碱、卡得宾、利血平类似物、喜树碱等。 相似文献
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Shinji Kishimoto Yuta Tsunematsu Michio Sato Kenji Watanabe 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2017,17(11):1095-1108
During the last decade, we have revealed biosynthetic pathways responsible for the formation of important and chemically complex natural products isolated from various organisms through genetic manipulation. Detailed in vivo and in vitro characterizations enabled elucidation of unexpected mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis. This personal account focuses on our recent efforts in identifying the genes responsible for the biosynthesis of spirotryprostatin, aspoquinolone, Sch 210972, pyranonigrin, fumagillin and pseurotin. We exploit heterologous reconstitution of biosynthetic pathways of interest in our study. In particular, extensive involvement of oxidation reactions is discussed. Heterologous hosts employed here are Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus nidulans and A. niger that can also be used to prepare biosynthetic intermediates and product analogs by engineering the biosynthetic pathways using the knowledge obtained by detailed characterizations of the enzymes. (998 char.) 相似文献
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Cong Wang Weisheng Du Huanyun Lu Jianzhou Lan Kailin Liang Shugeng Cao 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(9)
Marine actinomycetes, Streptomyces species, produce a variety of halogenated compounds with diverse structures and a range of biological activities owing to their unique metabolic pathways. These halogenated compounds could be classified as polyketides, alkaloids (nitrogen-containing compounds) and terpenoids. Halogenated compounds from marine actinomycetes possess important biological properties such as antibacterial and anticancer activities. This review reports the sources, chemical structures and biological activities of 127 new halogenated compounds originated mainly from Streptomyces reported from 1992 to 2020. 相似文献
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Khorshed Alam Md. Mahmudul Islam Caiyun Li Sharmin Sultana Lin Zhong Qiyao Shen Guangle Yu Jinfang Hao Youming Zhang Ruijuan Li Aiying Li 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(24)
Microbial genome sequencing has uncovered a myriad of natural products (NPs) that have yet to be explored. Bacteria in the genus Pseudomonas serve as pathogens, plant growth promoters, and therapeutically, industrially, and environmentally important microorganisms. Though most species of Pseudomonas have a large number of NP biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in their genomes, it is difficult to link many of these BGCs with products under current laboratory conditions. In order to gain new insights into the diversity, distribution, and evolution of these BGCs in Pseudomonas for the discovery of unexplored NPs, we applied several bioinformatic programming approaches to characterize BGCs from Pseudomonas reference genome sequences available in public databases along with phylogenetic and genomic comparison. Our research revealed that most BGCs in the genomes of Pseudomonas species have a high diversity for NPs at the species and subspecies levels and built the correlation of species with BGC taxonomic ranges. These data will pave the way for the algorithmic detection of species- and subspecies-specific pathways for NP development. 相似文献
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金丝矮陀陀植物中甾体生物碱的分离与化学结构 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
最近,我们研究了云南产的金丝矮陀陀植物中的甾体生物碱。对植物样品的乙醇提取物作了系统分离,从中得到22个甾体生物碱, 相似文献
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The crude extract of Houttuyniae cordata showed potent anti-platelet and cytotoxic activities. The constituents of this plant, two pyridine alkaloids 1 and 2, along with three aporphine related alkaloids, cepharanone B (3), cepharadione B (4) and 7-choloro-6-demethyl cepharadione B (5) were characterized by spectral methods. Among them, long chain substituted pyridine alkaloids 1 and 2 are rare in nature, and the 7-choloro-6-demethyl cepharadione B (5) is isolated for the first time. 相似文献
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Phytochemical investigation of the bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of a new highly conjugated alkaloid of veratramine type identified as 3β,23β-dihydroxy-7,12(14)-dien-5α- veratramin-6-one (1), together with two known alkaloids, ebeinine (2) and zhebeinine (3), which were isolated for the first time from F. hupehensis. The structures of alkaloids 1-3 were established by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectral analyses. 相似文献