液相色谱/质谱大气压化学电离源鉴定深海鱼油中长链不饱和脂肪酸

以1,2-苯并-3,4-二氢咔唑-9-乙基苯磺酸酯为衍生化试剂,在充氮的气氛下对鱼油进行皂化处理,所得皂化产物经正己烷萃取处理后进行柱前衍生化,再以HPLC/MS分离和鉴定。通过对长链脂肪酸分子的标记处理,其衍生物分子在质谱分析中呈现出双键位置的规范信息。通过建立模型计算式,借助不饱和脂肪酸的分子离子峰和特征碎片离子峰的质量数,计算不饱和的碳碳双键位置。共鉴定出23种脂肪酸。结果表明深海鱼油主要由C12-C22的脂肪酸组成,多不饱和脂肪酸含量占67.08%(峰面积百分比,下同),其中C16∶19-十六碳烯酸(11.7%);C16∶44,7,10,13-十六碳四烯酸(2.91%);C18∶112-十八碳烯酸(11.1%);C18∶46,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸(3.62%);C20∶113-二十碳烯酸(1.21%);C20∶55,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸(16.71%);C22∶62,5,8,11,14,17-二十二碳六烯酸(10.53%)。所建立的方法为不饱和脂肪酸碳链中双键位置的确定提供了新的技术手段。     

葵子油脂肪酸2-氨基-2-甲基-丙醇化学修饰气相色谱-质谱分析

以2-氨基-2-甲基-丙醇为脂肪酸的化学修饰试剂,气相色谱一电子轰击质谱（GC-EI MS）分析葵子油脂肪酸。2-氨基-2-甲基-丙醇将脂肪酸羧基修改为含氮杂环,使在EI源中避免了链烯基中碳碳双键的移动。解析了葵子油脂肪酸2-氨基-2-甲基-丙醇化学修饰产物的EI质谱图,讨沦了烯酸中碳碳双键的定位规则,确定了葵子油脂肪酸中碳碳双键的位置。鉴定出葵子油6种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为89．41％,其中人体必需脂肪酸9,12-十八碳二烯酸含量占65．30％。本方法为不饱和脂肪酸中双键的定位提供了新的技术手段。     

小茴香超临界CO_2萃取产物脂肪酸成分分析

通过脂肪酸的衍生化处理，再利用色谱（GC）和色谱一质谱（GC－MS）等分析手段，对小茴香超临界CO2萃取产物的脂肪酸成分进行了剖析，共鉴定出九种脂肪酸，其中，十八碳一烯酸、十八碳二烯酸和棕榈酸是其主要成分，分别占脂肪酸总量的75．12％、15．18％和5．34％．     

邻氨基苯酚化学修饰试剂用于气相色谱/质谱分析花粉脂肪酸

采用邻氨基苯酚作为脂肪酸的化学修饰试剂,将羧基修改为含氮杂环,使在EI源中避免链烯基中碳碳双键的移动。以气相色谱／EI质谱分析花粉脂肪酸,解析脂肪酸邻氨基苯酚化学修饰产物的EI质谱图;讨论了烯酸中碳碳双键的定位规则;鉴定出巨日花粉12种脂肪酸,由C12-C24脂肪酸组成,不饱和脂肪酸的含量占73．94％,其中多不饱和脂肪酸含量占47．61％,多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸之比达1.85,还检出了在其他花粉中极为少见的人体必需脂肪酸15-二十四烯酸(神经酸)。     

2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇化学修饰试剂用于气相色谱-质谱分析不饱和脂肪酸

以2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇为脂肪酸的化学修饰试剂,将不饱和脂肪酸羧基化学修饰成含氮杂环,从而避免了链烯基中碳碳双键在EI源中的移动,并使质谱呈现显示双键位置的规范信息。通过解析不饱和脂肪酸2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇化学修饰产物的EI质谱图,得到了不饱和脂肪酸中碳碳双键的定位规则,从而为分析不饱和脂肪酸精细结构提供了手段。用脂肪酸2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇化学修饰气相色谱-EI质谱法分析了螺旋藻脂肪酸,鉴定出9种不饱和脂肪酸,确定了螺旋藻脂肪酸中碳碳双键的位置,结果与文献一致。     

超临界萃取蝼蛄脂肪酸成分及其气相色谱-质谱分析

采用超临界CO2萃取蝼蛄总脂肪酸，对影响萃取效果的各个因素应用正交设计试验，优化了各萃取参数。各个因素的影响顺序为：压力〉温度〉时间〉流量。萃取的优化条件为压力35MPa，温度50℃，时间1h，流量45kg／h。运用该萃取条件改善了萃取物的物理性状，脂肪酸的纯度提高，总脂肪酸的含量可达83.29％；而采用常规的有机溶剂提取法，脂肪酸的纯度仅为60％左右。甲酯化采用气相色谱-质谱分析技术对其中的16个成分进行了鉴定，并测定了相对含量，其中主要有油酸甲酯（30．40％）、十六烷酸甲酯（14．19％）、9，12-十八碳二烯酸甲酯（11．99％）、油酸乙酯（11．75％）、9-十六碳烯酸甲酯（7．77％）、十六烷酸乙酯（5．97％）、9，12-十八碳二烯酸乙酯（4．53％）及9-十六碳烯酸乙酯（2．87％）等。     

气相色谱/质谱法分析孔石莼中的脂肪酸

建立了孔石莼脂肪酸的气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)测定方法。使用Folch法提取了孔石莼中的总脂,经过2 mol/L HCl-甲醇溶液的甲酯化处理后,采用GC/MS法对其脂肪酸组成进行了分离分析,同时结合有机质谱学规律,分别对饱和脂肪酸甲酯、单不饱和脂肪酸甲酯和多不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的裂解规律和质谱特征进行了分析归纳。通过质谱数据库检索和标准品对照,鉴定出孔石莼中的24种脂肪酸,其中9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸、4,7,10,13-十六碳四烯酸和6,9,2,15-十八碳四烯酸3种主要多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸含量的45.14%。通过对孔石莼中脂肪酸的分析,表明特征离子在脂肪酸甲酯尤其是多不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的定性方面具有很好的应用价值。     

油松籽油脂的提取及其脂肪酸组成与含量的评价

采用索氏提取法提取油松籽中的油脂,得油率为42.9%;对油脂进行甲酯化处理后用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测其中的脂肪酸组成及含量。实验结果表明,油松籽油中含有7种脂肪酸,分别为肉豆蔻酸10.38%、硬脂酸3.05%、油酸21.98%、亚油酸(13,16-十八碳二烯酸)3.53%、亚油酸(9,12-十八碳二烯酸)38.38%、亚麻酸20.06%和二十碳三烯酸2.62%,其中饱和脂肪酸含量为13%,不饱和脂肪酸含量为87%。     

气相色谱-质谱测定红树植物桐花树叶中的挥发油和脂肪酸的组成

采用气相色谱-质谱联用分析法,分析测定了红树植物桐花树AegicerasCorniculatum叶子中挥发油和脂肪酸的成分.结果表明:挥发油中分离出24个峰,鉴定出8种化合物,2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚含量丰富,占挥发油总量的20.60%;脂肪酸中分离出16个峰,鉴定出10种脂肪酸,其中主要成分有十六酸(棕榈酸,16.17%)、9,12-十八碳二烯酸(亚油酸,25.73%)、9-十八碳烯酸(油酸,41.52%)等.     

一种氨基哌嗪功能化的丹磺酰氯荧光衍生试剂的合成及其在高效液相色谱法定量分析微藻油脂中的应用北大核心CSCD

自制氨基哌嗪功能化丹磺酰氯(DNS-CL)荧光衍生试剂(DNS-Pi-NH_(2)),并用其衍生化小球藻中碳原子数为10~20的典型脂肪酸[十二烷酸、十四烷酸、顺-9,12-十八(碳)烯酸、顺-7,10,13-十六(碳)烯酸、十六烷酸、顺-9-十八(碳)烯酸、十八烷酸、二十烷酸],用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定8种脂肪酸的含量。将小球藻脂肪酸甲酯样品用含氢氧化钾的乙醇溶液于79℃皂化60 min,滴加盐酸溶液,直至酚酞指示剂由红色变为无色。蒸发除去乙醇,所得固体经水清洗、离心、振荡、过滤,即制得小球藻脂肪酸样品。以DNS-CL和N-(2-氨基乙基)哌嗪为原料制备DNS-Pi-NH_(2),并用红外光谱、核磁共振碳谱、质谱对其结构进行表征。取制备好的DNS-Pi-NH_(2)、二丙基二硫醚、三苯基磷的乙腈溶液和1.0 mg小球藻脂肪酸样品在室温下振荡衍生10 min,所得溶液用90%(体积分数,下同)乙腈溶液稀释后,用HPLC测定其中脂肪酸衍生物的含量。以Eclipse XDB C_(8)色谱柱为固定相,以90%乙腈溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,分离得到的目标物用荧光检测器检测。结果显示:8种脂肪酸衍生物在30 min内可实现完全分离;各脂肪酸的浓度在2.0×10^(-10)~2.0×10^(-4)mol·L^(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为21~65 pmol·L^(-1);对微藻培养液样品进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为95.3%~102%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.7%~2.6%;方法用于小球藻脂肪酸甲酯样品的分析,检出了十六烷酸、顺-9,12-十八(碳)烯酸、顺-7,10,13-十六(碳)烯酸、顺-9-十八(碳)烯酸,检出量分别为3.08,0.64,0.83,2.57 mg·g^(-1)。     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Syntheses,Spectroscopic Studies,and Crystal Structures of Me2Sn(O2PPh2)2, Ph2Pb(O2PMe2)2, and Ph2Pb(O2PPh2)2

Me₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 1 ), Ph₂Pb(O₂PMe₂)₂ ( 2 ), and Ph₂Pb(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 3 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of Me₂SnCl₂ or Ph₃PbCl with the corresponding diorganophosphinic acid in methanol. X‐ray diffraction studies show that the diorganophosphinate groups behave as double bridges between the metal atoms leading to polymeric ring‐chain structures with M₂O₄P₂ (M = Pb, Sn) eight‐membered rings. The organic groups bonded to the metal atoms are in trans‐position in the resulting octahedral arrangement around the metal atoms. The IR and the mass spectra were reported and discussed.     

Thermal decomposition of Me3SnO2PCl2, Me2Sn(O2PCl2)2 and Ph3SnO2PCl2

TG and DTA studies on Me₃SnO₂PCl₂, Me₂Sn(O₂PCl₂)₂ and Ph₃SnO₂PCl₂ were carried out under dynamic argon atmosphere. The results show that the decomposition proceeds in different stages leading to the formation of Sn₃(PO₄)₂ as a stable product. This compound was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Decomposition schemes involving reductive elimination reactions were proposed.