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1.
An efficient CO2 adsorbent with a hierarchically micro-mesoporous structure and a large number of amine groups was fabricated by a two-step synthesis technique. Its structural properties, surface groups, thermal stability and CO2 adsorption performance were fully investigated. The analysis results show that the prepared CO2 adsorbent has a specific hierarchically micro-mesoporous structure and highly uniformly dispersed amine groups that are favorable for the adsorption of CO2. At the same time, the CO2 adsorption capacity of the prepared adsorbent can reach a maximum of 3.32 mmol-CO2/g-adsorbent in the actual flue gas temperature range of 303–343 K. In addition, the kinetic analysis results indicate that both the adsorption process and the desorption process have rapid adsorption/desorption rates. Finally, the fitting of the CO2 adsorption/desorption experimental data by Avrami’s fractional kinetic model shows that the CO2 adsorption rate is mainly controlled by the intra-particle diffusion rate, and the temperature has little effect on the adsorption rate.  相似文献   

2.
《先进技术聚合物》2018,29(1):319-328
The equilibrium adsorption isotherms of carbon dioxide and nitrogen on the nitrogen doped activated carbon (NAC) prepared by the chemical activation of a pine cone‐based char/polyaniline composite were measured using a volumetric technique. CO2 and N2 adsorption experiments were done at three different temperatures (298, 308, and 318 K) and pressures up to 16 bar, and correlated with the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips models. The Sips isotherm model presented the best fit to the experimental data. The N‐doped adsorbent showed CO2 and N2 adsorption capacity of 3.96 mmol·g−1 and 0.86 mmol·g−1, respectively, at 298 K and 1 bar. The selectivity predicted by ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) model was achieved 47.17 for NAC at 1 bar and yN2 = 0.85 which is a composition similar to flue gas. The results showed that NAC adsorbent has a high CO2‐over‐N2 selectivity in a binary mixture. The relatively fast sorption rate of CO2 on NAC compared to N2 indicates the stronger affinity between CO2 and amine groups. The isosteric heat of adsorption of CO2 by the NAC demonstrated the physico‐chemical adsorption of CO2 on the adsorbent surface. These data showed that prepared NAC could be successfully applied in separation of CO2 from N2.  相似文献   

3.
The adsorption of CO2 on pore-expanded SBA-15 mesostructured silica functionalized with amino groups was studied. The synthesis of conventional SBA-15 was modified to obtain pore-expanded materials, with pore diameters from 11 to 15 nm. Post-synthesis functionalization treatments were carried out by grafting with diethylenetriamine (DT) and by impregnation with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI). The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption at 77 K, elemental analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy. CO2 capture was studied by using a volumetric adsorption technique at 45 °C. Consecutive adsorption–desorption experiments were also conducted to check the cyclic behaviour of adsorbents in CO2 capture. An improvement in CO2 adsorption capacity and efficiency of amino groups was found for pore-expanded SBA-15 impregnated materials in comparison with their counterparts prepared from conventional SBA-15 with smaller pore size. PEI and TEPA-based adsorbents reached significant CO2 uptakes at 45 °C and 1 bar (138 and 164 mg CO2/g, respectively), with high amine efficiencies (0.33 and 0.37 mol CO2/mol N), due to the positive effect of the larger pore diameter in the diffusion and accessibility of organic groups. Pore-expanded SBA-15 samples grafted with DT and impregnated with PEI showed a good stability after several adsorption–desorption cycles of pure CO2. PEI-impregnated adsorbent was tested in a fixed bed reactor with a diluted gas mixture containing 15 % CO2, 5 % O2, 80 % Ar and water (45 °C, 1 bar). A noteworthy adsorption capacity of 171 mg CO2/g was obtained in these conditions, which simulate flue gas after the desulphurization step in a thermal power plant.  相似文献   

4.
Global warming is considered as one of the great challenges of the twenty‐first century. Application of CO2 capture and storage technologies to flue gas is considered to be a useful method of lessening global warning. Highly porous carbon has played an important role in tackling energy and environmental problems. We attempted to synthesize a highly porous carbon adsorbent by carbonizing a highly crystalline metal–organic framework (MOF) without any carbon precursors and focused on the adsorption of CO2 and CH4 gases and CO2/CH4 selectivity at 298, 323 and 348 K using a volumetric apparatus. The MOF‐derived porous carbon (MDC) was prepared by direct carbonization of MOF‐199 as a template at 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. Amino‐impregnated MDC samples exhibited enhanced adsorption capacities by a combination of physical and chemical adsorption. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was selected as the amine source, which was found to greatly enhance CO2 capture when supported on the porous carbon. Novel PEI‐impregnated MDC nanocomposites were synthesized by wetness impregnation and then characterized using various methods.  相似文献   

5.
The stability of amine-functionalized silica sorbents prepared through the incipient wetness technique with primary, secondary, and tertiary amino organosilanes was investigated. The prepared sorbents were exposed to different gaseous streams including CO2/N2, dry CO2/air with varying concentration, and humid CO2/air mixtures to demonstrate the effect of the gas conditions on the CO2 adsorption capacity and the stability of the different amine structures. The primary and secondary amine-functionalized adsorbents exhibited CO2 sorption capacity, while tertiary amine adsorbent hardly adsorbed any CO2. The secondary amine adsorbent showed better stability than the primary amine sorbent in all the gas conditions, especially dry conditions. Deactivation species were evaluated using FT-IR spectra, and the presence of urea was confirmed to be the main deactivation product of the primary amine adsorbent under dry condition. Furthermore, it was found that the CO2 concentration can affect the CO2 sorption capacity as well as the extent of degradation of sorbents.  相似文献   

6.
A new Cu(II)‐imprinted salen functionalized silica gel adsorbent was synthesized by surface imprinting technique and was employed as a selective solid phase extraction material for Cu2+ removal from aqueous solutions. The samples were characterized by FT‐IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, CHNS and DTG techniques. The BET surface area of the silica gel was also determined. The adsorbent was then used for removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions under different experimental conditions. It was concluded that the synthesized imprinted silica gel had higher selectivity and capacity compared to the non‐imprinted silica gel and the maximal adsorption capacity of 67.3 and 56.5 mg.g?1 was obtained respectively for ion‐imprinted and non‐imprinted adsorbents. The relative selectivity factor (β) of 50.32 and 31.94 was obtained respectively for Cu2+/Ni2+ and Cu2+/Zn2+ pairs. The dynamic adsorption capacity of the imprinted adsorbent was close to the static adsorption capacity due to the fast kinetic of adsorption. Furthermore, the ion‐imprinted adsorbent was recovered and repeatedly used and satisfactory adsorption capacity with acceptable precision was obtained. Each experiment was repeated at least for three times and the mean and the standard deviation for each measurement were calculated. The applicability of the method was examined for Zayandehrood water as real sample. Acceptabe standard deviation was obtained.  相似文献   

7.
Silica supported amine materials are promising compositions that can be used to effectively remove CO2 from large stationary sources, such as flue gas generated from coal‐fired power plants (ca. 10 % CO2) and potentially from ambient air (ca. 400 ppm CO2). The CO2 adsorption characteristics of prototypical poly(ethyleneimine)–silica composite adsorbents can be significantly enhanced by altering the acid/base properties of the silica support by heteroatom incorporation into the silica matrix. In this study, an array of poly(ethyleneimine)‐impregnated mesoporous silica SBA‐15 materials containing heteroatoms (Al, Ti, Zr, and Ce) in their silica matrices are prepared and examined in adsorption experiments under conditions simulating flue gas (10 % CO2 in Ar) and ambient air (400 ppm CO2 in Ar) to assess the effects of heteroatom incorporation on the CO2 adsorption properties. The structure of the composite adsorbents, including local information concerning the state of the incorporated heteroatoms and the overall surface properties of the silicate supports, are investigated in detail to draw a relationship between the adsorbent structure and CO2 adsorption/desorption performance. The CO2 adsorption/desorption kinetics are assessed by thermogravimetric analysis and in situ FT‐IR measurements. These combined results, coupled with data on adsorbent regenerability, demonstrate a stabilizing effect of the heteroatoms on the poly(ethyleneimine), enhancing adsorbent capacity, adsorption kinetics, regenerability, and stability of the supported aminopolymers over continued cycling. It is suggested that the CO2 adsorption performance of silica–aminopolymer composites may be further enhanced in the future by more precisely tuning the acid/base properties of the support.  相似文献   

8.
Adsorption properties of amine-functionalized mesoporous silica NH2-SBA-15, zeolite-like imidazole framework ZIF-8, and amine-functionalized metal-organic polymer NH2-MIL-53 have been investigated. Non-modified mesoporous adsorbent SBA-15 has a higher sorption capacity for CO2 than microporous ZIF-8, although microporous sample is characterized by a larger surface area and the values of total pore volume are close. When amine groups are present on the surface of the adsorbents, the chemical adsorption contributes more then the physical one. The adsorption capacity increases with increasing concentration of the functional groups which, in its turn, correlates with adsorbent surface area. Among the studied samples, the best adsorption properties demonstrate amine-functionalized adsorbents, aminefunctionalized mesoporous silica NH2-SBA-15, and amine-functionalized metal-organic polymer NH2-MIL-53.  相似文献   

9.
A new chitosan imprinting adsorbent using diatomite as core material was prepared by using the surface molecular imprinting technology with the Pb2+ as imprinted ion. The preparation process conditions of the surface molecular imprinting adsorbent were studied. The adsorbent was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. FTIR spectrum indicated that it was cross-linked by epichlorohydrin. The new imprinting adsorbent could provide a higher adsorption capacity for Pb2+, which reached 139.6 mg/g increasing 32.3% compared with cross-linking chitosan adsorbent (the initial Pb2+ concentration of 600 mg/L). The adsorption velocity was quick and the equilibration time of the imprinting adsorbent for Pb2+ was 3 h that shortened about 40% compared with cross-linking chitosan adsorbent. It had a more wide pH range of 5–7 than that of cross-linking chitosan adsorbent. The new imprinting adsorbent can be reused for up to ten cycles without loss of adsorption capacity. In the kinetics and isotherm study, the pseudosecond order model and Langmuir model could represent the adsorption process.  相似文献   

10.
Cu‐BTC–ethylenediamine (EDA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) adsorbents were synthesized using a protophilic solvent‐assisted solvothermal method. EDA was introduced to enhance the degree of activation due to its lower boiling point allowing it to be removed easily compared with dimethylformamide. A contrast experiment was done by introducing PEI to the solvothermal solution considering its higher boiling point. Powder X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopic characterizations were performed to investigate the effect of EDA/PEI on crystallinity and morphology of the adsorbents. 1H NMR characterization and elemental analysis were performed to study the removal rate of organic guest molecules and the degree of activation. Nitrogen physical adsorption and CO2 adsorption isotherms were used to measure the surface area and CO2 adsorption capacities. The CO2 adsorption mechanism of the synthesized adsorbents is mainly dependent on physisorption determined by surface area. Furthermore, open metal sites generated by the enhancement of degree of activation also promote the CO2 adsorption performance. Therefore, adsorbents synthesized using the protophilic solvent‐assisted solvothermal method exhibit excellent CO2 adsorption performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

11.
Removal of carbonyl sulfide (COS) from CO2 stream is significant for the production and utilization of food grade CO2. This study investigates the adsorption performance of Ag/NaZSM-5 as adsorbent prepared by incipient wetness impregnation for the removal of COS from a CO2 stream in a fixed-bed adsorption apparatus. Effects of various conditions on the preparation of adsorbent, adsorption and desorption were intensively examined. The results revealed that COS can be removed to below 1×10?9 from a CO2 stream (1000 ppm COS/CO2) using Ag/NaZSM-5 (10 wt% AgNO3) with an adsorption capacity of 12.86 mg-g?1. The adsorbent can be fully regenerated using hot air at 450 °C. The adsorption ability remained stable even after eight cycles of regeneration.  相似文献   

12.
The oxidative degradation of CO2 adsorbents consisting of amine‐grafted pore‐expanded mesoporous MCM‐41 silica was investigated. The adsorbents were treated under flowing air at various temperatures, and the degree of deactivation was evaluated through the measurement of their CO2 adsorption capacity prior and subsequent to exposure to air. To decipher the chemical structure of surface species upon air‐deactivation of grafted amines, a solvent extraction procedure was developed using a deuterated basic solution. The obtained solutions were analyzed by a variety of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy techniques, such as 29Si, 13C, 1H, [1H,15N] HMBC, [1H,13C] HMQC, COSY and DOSY. The surface species generated by oxidative degradation of amine‐grafted silica were found to contain functional groups such as imine, amide and carboxylic groups. Several structural units were conclusively demonstrated.  相似文献   

13.
A new fluorescent hybrid porous polymer (HPP) is synthesized by an anhydrous FeCl3‐mediated oxidative coupling reaction of octa[4‐(9‐carbazolyl)phenyl]silsesquioxane (OCPS). The polymer possesses a surface area of 1741 m2 g?1 and hierarchical bimodal micropores (1.41 and 1.69 nm) and mesopores (2.65 nm). The material serves as an excellent adsorbent for CO2 and dyes with high adsorption capacity for CO2 (8.53 wt %,1.94 mmol g?1), congo red (1715 mg g?1) and rhodamine B (1501 mg g?1). In addition, the presence of peripheral cabozolyl groups with extended π‐conjugation in the crosslinked framework imparts luminescent character to the polymer and offers the detection of nitroaromatic compounds.  相似文献   

14.
以P123为模板,1,2-二(三甲氧基硅基)乙烷(BTME)为硅源合成了介孔氧化硅纳米管(E-SNTs).将ESNTs经过聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)修饰后制得吸附剂用于捕捉CO2.对吸附剂进行了透射电镜(TEM)、物理吸附、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、热重分析(TGA)等表征.E-SNTs-PEI吸附剂的最佳CO2吸附温度为75°C.吸附剂的CO2吸附量随着PEI负载量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中50%为最佳负载量,此时吸附剂的吸附量最大为3.32 mmol·g-1.相比较SBA-15基吸附剂,E-SNTs基吸附剂具有更优异的吸附性能.在有水汽的存在下,吸附剂E-SNTs-50的CO2吸附量达到3.75 mmol·g-1.经过四次循环吸脱附实验测试E-SNTs-PEI吸附剂的稳定性能,结果表明其CO2吸附量基本不变,该吸附剂表现出较好的稳定性和可再生能力.  相似文献   

15.
The ability to capture, store, and use CO2 is important for remediating greenhouse‐gas emissions and combatting global warming. Herein, Au nanoparticles (Au‐NPs) are synthesized for effective electrochemical CO2 reduction and syngas production, using polyethylenimine (PEI) as a ligand molecule. The PEI‐assisted synthesis provides uniformly sized 3‐nm Au NPs, whereas larger irregularly shaped NPs are formed in the absence of PEI in the synthesis solution. The Au‐NPs synthesized with PEI (PEI?Au/C, average PEI Mw=2000) exhibit improved CO2 reduction activities compared to Au‐NPs formed in the absence of PEI (bare Au NPs/C). PEI?Au/C displays a 34 % higher activity toward CO2 reduction than bare Au NPs/C; for example, PEI?Au/C exhibits a CO partial current density (jCO) of 28.6 mA cm?2 at ?1.13 VRHE, while the value for bare Au NPs/C is 21.7 mA cm?2; the enhanced jCO is mainly due to the larger surface area of PEI?Au/C. Furthermore, the PEI?Au/C electrode exhibits stable performance over 64 h, with an hourly current degradation rate of 0.25 %. The developed PEI?Au/C is employed in a CO2‐reduction device coupled with an IrO2 water‐oxidation catalyst and a proton‐conducting perfluorinated membrane to form a PEI?Au/C|Nafion|IrO2 membrane‐electrode assembly. The device using PEI?Au/C as the CO2‐reduction catalyst exhibits a jCO of 4.47 mA/cm2 at 2.0 Vcell. Importantly, the resulted PEI?Au/C is appropriate for efficient syngas production with a CO ratio of around 30–50 %.  相似文献   

16.
ZSM-5 type zeolite with mesoporous structure was prepared and then amine-functionalized with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) by wet impregnation method to form a series of CO2 adsorbents (ZTx). The structural properties of ZSM-5 and ZTx were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA/DTG, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, SEM and EDX techniques. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents with different amine loading was measured at a temperature from 40 to 100 °C and the adsorption capacity of ZT7 was 1.80 mmol/g at 100 °C. The adsorption process and mechanism were studied by fitting the experimental data used the three adsorption kinetic models, and a complex physical and chemical mixing process was produced as the amine entered the surface and pore size of the zeolite. The high adsorption selectivity at 10% CO2 concentration and the stability of the five adsorption desorption cycles indicated that ZT7 is a suitable and promising CO2 adsorbent for the purification of industrial flue gas.  相似文献   

17.
The development of different classes of porous polymers by linking organic molecules using new chemistries still remains a great challenge. Herein, we introduce for the first time the synthesis of covalent quinazoline networks (CQNs) using an ionothermal synthesis protocol. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) was used as the solvent and catalyst for the condensation of aromatic ortho‐aminonitriles to produce tricycloquinazoline linkages. The resulting CQNs show a high porosity with a surface area up to 1870 m2 g?1. Varying the temperature and the amount of catalyst enables us to control the surface area as well as the pore size distribution of the CQNs. Furthermore, their high nitrogen content and significant microporosity make them a promising CO2 adsorbent with a CO2 uptake capacity of 7.16 mmol g?1 (31.5 wt %) at 273 K and 1 bar. Because of their exceptional CO2 sorption properties, they are promising candidates as an adsorbent for the selective capture of CO2 from flue gas.  相似文献   

18.
A protein imprinting approach for the synthesis of core–shell structure nanoparticles with a magnetic core and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shell was developed using a simple distillation–precipitation polymerization method. In this work, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were first synthesized through a solvothermal method and then were conveniently surface‐modified with 3‐(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxylsilane as anchor molecules to donate vinyl groups. Next a high‐density MIP shell was coated onto the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles by the copolymerization of functional monomer acrylamide (AAm), cross‐linking agent N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN), and protein in acetonitrile heated at reflux. The morphology, adsorption, and recognition properties of the magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and rebinding experiments. The resulting MIP showed a high adsorption capacity (104.8 mg g?1) and specific recognition (imprinting factor=7.6) to lysozyme (Lyz). The as‐prepared Fe3O4@Lyz‐MIP nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 320 nm were coated with an MIP shell that was 20 nm thick, which enabled Fe3O4@Lyz‐MIP to easily reach adsorption equilibrium. The high magnetization saturation (40.35 emu g?1) endows the materials with the convenience of magnetic separation under an external magnetic field and allows them to be subsequently reused. Furthermore, Fe3O4@Lyz‐MIP could selectively extract a target protein from real egg‐white samples under an external magnetic field.  相似文献   

19.
《Journal of Energy Chemistry》2017,26(5):1030-1038
The objective of this work is to study the influences of silica supports and PEG additive on the sorption performance of molecular basket sorbent(MBS) for CO_2 capture consisting of polyethylenimine and one of the following supports: SBA-15(2-D structure), TUD-1(3-D sponge-like structure) and fumed silica HS-5(3-D disordered structure). Effects of the supports regarding pore structures and pore properties, the PEI loading amount as well as the sorption temperature were examined. Furthermore, polyethylene glycol(PEG) was introduced as an additive into the sorbents and its effect was investigated at different PEI loadings and sorption temperatures. The results suggest that the pore properties of MBS(after PEI loading) play a more important role in the CO_2 sorption capacity, rather than those of the supports alone.MBS with 3D pore structure exhibits higher CO_2 sorption capacity and amine efficiency than those with 2D-structured support. Among the sorbents studied, fumed silica(HS-5) based MBS showed the highest CO_2 sorption capacity in the temperature range of 30-95 °C, probably due to its unique interstitial pores formed by the aggregation of polymer-loaded SiO_2 particles. It was found that the temperature dependence is directly related to the PEI surface coverage layers. The more PEI surface coverage layers, the higher diffusion barrier for CO_2 and the stronger temperature dependence of CO_2 capacity. 3D MBS exceeds 2D MBS at the same PEI coverage layers due to lower diffusion barrier. Adding PEG can significantly enhance the CO_2 sorption capacity and improve amine efficiency of all MBS, most likely by alleviating the diffusion barrier within PEI bulk layers through the inter-molecular interaction between PEI and PEG.  相似文献   

20.
An open metal site framework named UTSA‐16 was synthesized and modified as a high‐capacity adsorbent for reversible CO2 capture. Partial substitution of intrinsic Co2+ sites of UTSA‐16 with Ni2+ centres was realized in the molar composition range 0–75% Ni with the aim of increasing CO2 uptake. Synthesized bimetallic Nix‐UTSA‐16 (x = 0, 20, 50, 75) materials were characterized using various techniques to assess the influence of chemical composition on CO2 binding affinity and any subsequent physical change in morphology, crystal size and porosity on the total uptake. Experimental isotherm adsorption studies showed the following trend for CO2 adsorption capacity employing the Nix‐UTSA‐16 series: Ni20‐UTSA‐16 > UTSA‐16 > Ni50‐UTSA‐16 > Ni75‐UTSA‐16. According to the dynamic breakthrough CO2 profiles measured for a mixture of CO2 and CH4 (15/85 molar ratio), Ni20‐UTSA‐16 exhibited 2 times the breakthrough time with 1.5 times the loading capacity at 75 Nml min?1 feed flow rate, compared to the parent UTSA‐16. In addition, the Ni20‐UTSA‐16 bimetallic metal–organic framework exhibited lower isosteric heat of adsorption compared to UTSA‐16 (ΔHave = 28.54 versus 46.85 kJ mol?1). As a result, more than 95% of its capacity was restored by applying a partial vacuum for only 1 h at room temperature without involving any other time‐ and energy‐consuming regenerative step.  相似文献   

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