3-取代硫基-5-(2-羟基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑类化合物抑菌活性的定量构效关系和结构修饰的理论研究

用DFT-B3LYP 方法, 在基组6-31G 水平, 对24 种3-取代硫基-5-(2-羟基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑类化合物分子进行几何优化, 并计算了E_HOMO, E_LUMO, E_NHOMO, E_NLUMO, Q_C1～Q_C8, Q_N1～Q_N3, Q_O, Q_S和ΔE₁, ΔE₂, ΣQ 等量子化学描述符(q_c). 通过最佳变量子集回归建立13 种上述化合物对大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等抑菌活性(A_J: A_e, A_m 和A_s) 的QSAR 模型. 对于大肠杆菌的A_e 模型的相关系数(R²)和逐一剔除法交叉验证系数R_cv² 依次为0.930 和0.871, 相应白色念珠菌A_m 模型为0.926 和0.869, A_s 模型为0.781 和0.572. 通过R_adj², F, R_cv², VIF, AIC, FIT 等检验, 上述模型具有令人满意的稳健性和预测能力. 结果显示ΔE₁ 和ΣQ 直接影响这些化合物的生物活性: ΣQ 增大, 其抑菌活性增强; ΔE₁ 越高, A_J 下降. 据此提出三唑类化合物分子可能的抑菌机理. 由此发现, 在三唑类化合物分子的R 中合适部位选用吸电子能力较强的取代基团进行结构修饰, 有利于提高被修饰后分子的抑菌活性. 根据对R 进行结构修饰(共提出11 种化合物), 得出4 种抑菌活性均超出100%的三唑类化合物(质量分数为0.01%), 希望将来得到生物实验的证实.     

明胶/Fe2S3纳米生物复合物形成反应的热力学及明胶构象变化

在pH=7.40条件下,采用一锅化学反应法制得水溶性明胶/Fe₂S₃纳米生物复合物,扫描电镜照片显示Fe₂S₃颗粒为棒状.根据吸光度与Fe₂S₃浓度关系,由Benesi-Hildebrand方程计算了不同温度下反应的形成常数K (293 K: 14.47×10² L·mol^-1; 297 K: 9.24×10² L·mol^-1; 309 K: 1.70×10² L·mol^-1)及对应温度下反应的热力学参数(Δ_rG_m = -17.88/-16.68/-13.09 kJ·mol^-1; Δ_rH_m = -105.57 kJ·mol^-1; Δ_rS_m = -299.28 J·K^-1·mol^-1),结果表明明胶/Fe₂S₃纳米生物复合物的形成反应是自发的放热过程,且为焓驱动.傅里叶变换红外光谱表明,Fe₂S₃主要与明胶大分子肽链中的酰胺键结合;对红外光谱进行去卷积拟合,结果表明:明胶蛋白质的 α-螺旋含量减少,β-折叠含量明显增加.结合紫外和红外光谱测试结果对复合物的形成机理作了初步的推测:首先Fe³⁺与明胶大分子中的酰胺键结合形成明胶/Fe³⁺复合物,然后S^2-与明胶/Fe³⁺中的Fe³⁺形成明胶/Fe₂S₃复合物.     

C4H6O,C4H6S与XF (X＝F,Cl, Br)分子间卤键的电子密度拓扑研究

运用MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ方法对2,5-二氢呋喃, 2,5-二氢噻吩与XF (X＝F, Cl, Br)之间的卤键作用进行了理论研究. 研究发现: C₄H₆O, C₄H₆S与XF之间不仅存在O(S)…XF n型卤键, C＝C双键与XF分子亦可形成π型卤键|对于C₄H₆O与XF之间的n型和π型卤键以及C₄H₆S与XF之间的π型卤键, 卤键键能ΔE、键鞍点处的电子密度ρ(r_c)以及电子给体到受体之间的电子转移数Δq(XF)均按B…F₂＜B…ClF＜B…BrF (B＝C₄H₆O, C₄H₆S)的顺序依次增大|对于卤键键能较大的体系C₄H₆O…BrF(n), C₄H₆O…BrF(π), C₄H₆S…F₂(n), C₄H₆S…ClF(n), C₄H₆S…BrF(n), C₄H₆S…BrF(π), 卤键作用介于离子键和共价键之间|而对于其它的卤键键能较小的体系, 卤键作用为闭壳层静电作用.     

理论研究二米基硼B(Mes)2位置异构对Ir(III)配合物Ir(ppy)2(acac)的光物理性质的影响

采用DFT/TDDFT方法研究了二米基硼B（Mes）₂基团修饰的一类Ir（ppy）₂（acac）配合物1～3的光物理性质. 计算了电子结构,吸收和发射光谱以及自旋轨道耦合矩阵< T₁^α|H_SOC|S_n >和辐射跃迁速率（k_r）,探讨了取代基位置不同对磷光辐射和非辐射跃迁性质的影响. 研究结果表明：向ppy配体的吡啶环引入B（Mes）₂基团,能够加强金属铱（Ir）与配体乙酰丙酮（acac）的相互作用,减小单-三重态能级差ΔE（S₁-T₁）,提高系间窜跃速率和磷光辐射跃迁速率. 向ppy配体的苯环引入B（Mes）₂基团则增大了S₀与T₁的结构变形和自旋轨道耦合矩阵< S₀|H_SOC|T₁ >,使非辐射跃迁速率增加. B（Mes）₂基团位置异构,导致金属d轨道分裂方式不同,其在三个方向的自旋轨道耦合作用不同,辐射跃迁和非辐射跃迁都随之改变. 从理论上解释了通过对ppy配体的吡啶环修饰可获得高磷光量子产率的原因.     

金属串配合物[MM′M″(dpa)4(Cl)2](M=Co,Ni;M′,M″=Co,Rh)电子输运的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论DFT/BP86方法研究金属串配合物[MM'M″(dpa)₄(Cl)₂] [MM'M″=CoCoCo(1), CoCoRh(2), CoRhRh(3), NiCoRh(4)] 的结构和电子输运性质. 结果表明, 配合物1, 2和4的最稳定自旋态均存在1个(MM'M″)⁶⁺的离域$\sigma_{3}^{3}$键($\sigma^{2}\sigma_{nb}^{1}\sigma^{*0}$); 但配合物3具有1个(MM'M″)⁶⁺的离域$\sigma_{3}^{4}$键($\sigma^{2}\sigma_{nb}^{2}\sigma^{*0}$)和2个$\pi_{3}^{5}$键($\pi^{4}\pi_{nb}^{4}\pi^{*2}$), 故Rh—Rh键和Co—Rh键较强; Rh的引入使M—M键增强, Ni的引入则使M—M键减弱, 键强次序为Rh—Rh>Co—Rh>Co—Co>Ni—Co. 配合物14的传输通道均含有π和σ型轨道. 正偏压下, 配合物2和3的电流大于配合物1和4的. 负偏压下, 配合物4中出现负微分电阻效应. 配合物3中形成传输通道的σ_nbα/β和π^*α/β轨道能级分裂明显, (MM'M″)⁶⁺对β自旋的π^*轨道的贡献(88%)比α自旋(74%)的大, 使β自旋的电子更易传输, 具有较好的自旋过滤效应(70%80%).     

pH法研究UO2+2与甘氨酰替甘氨酸、白氨酸和四咪噻唑的络合物

本文应用pH法测定了UO₂⁺²与甘氨酰替甘氨酸、白氨酸和d,l-2,3,5,6-四氢-6-苯基咪唑[2,1-6]噻唑的络合物的逐级稳定常数,分别得出,UO₂⁺²-甘氨酰替甘氨酸体系:β₁=5.7×10³和β₂=1.4×10¹⁰;UO₂⁺²-白氨酸体系:β₁=4.0×10⁵和β₂=1.6×10¹³,以及UO₂⁺²-d,l-2,3,5,6-四氢-6-苯基咪唑(2,1-6)噻唑体系:β₁=6.5×10⁴和β₂=2.0×10¹⁰(25℃,μ=0.1,KCl维持)。同时,将徐光宪的溶液中络合物吸附平衡理论引入pH法研究络合物稳定常数中。     

超高效液相色谱塔板高度方程的推导

近年来,分析工作者采用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)完成了许多过去不能完成的分离分析工作。但是在阐述UPLC原理时不少人却采用了van Deemter方程。这是不对的。本文研究了UPLC色谱过程动力学,从热传导方程出发运用色谱动力学原理推导了包括考虑流动相摩擦生热影响的UPLC塔板高度方程H=2γD_m/u+((2λd_pu^1/3)/(u^1/3+ω(D_m/d_p)^1/3))+((2ku)/((1+k)²(1+κ₀)κ_d))+ ((θ(κ₀+κ₀k+k)²d_p²u)/(D_mκ₀(1+κ₀)²(1+k)²)) +(κ_i(κ₀+κ₀k+k)²d_p^5/2u^2/3)/(3κ₀Ω D_m^2/3(1+κ₀)²(1+k)²+(r₀²(κ₀+κκ₀k+k)u)/(4(1+k)D_r)·exp(-Kr₀²α)。上述方程右端最后一项代表了流动相摩擦生热对塔板高度的贡献。当流动相线速度较低时,流动相摩擦生热对塔板高度的贡献趋近于零,塔板高度方程还原成Horvath和Lin的方程;当流动相线速度较高时,由于流动相摩擦生热,柱轴心与边缘温差增加,流动相线速度径向分布差异导致柱效率降低,而柱轴心与边缘的温差与流动相线速度平方成正比。作者明确指出:UPLC的柱效率与柱内径密切相关,采用细内径柱有利于实现高效率;过高的流动相线速度将导致柱效率崩溃。     

2-(5-氟尿嘧啶-1-乙酰基)氨基-1,5-戊二酸二甲酯手性异构体与双链/G-四链体DNA相互作用的电化学研究

以自组装法制得的双链DNA(ds-DNA)和G-四链体DNA(G4-DNA)修饰的金电极为工作电极, 以 为电活性指示剂, 采用循环伏安法和微分脉冲伏安法研究了R和S型2-(5-氟尿嘧啶-1-乙酰基)氨基-1,5-戊二酸二甲酯(简称为(R)-5FUGlu和(S)-5FUGlu)与ds-DNA和G4-DNA相互作用. 实验结果表明: (1)与5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)相反, (R)-5FUGlu或(S)-5FUGlu导致 在Au/ds-DNA和Au/G4-DNA修饰电极上的峰电位呈现负移行为|(2)随着5-FU, (R)-或(S)-5FUGlu浓度的增加, 在上述修饰电极上的峰电流均呈现下降现象, 且峰电流的下降值△I_p的倒数与药物浓度的倒数呈现良好的线性关系|(3)运用Langmuir公式计算获得5-FU, (S)-5FUGlu和(R)-5FUGlu与ds-DNA的结合常数分别为6.16×10³, 0.42×10³和0.58×10³ L•mol^－1, 而与G4-DNA 的结合常数分别为0.78×10³, 2.60×10³和5.29×10³ L•mol^－1|(4) (R)-5FUGlu和(S)-5FUGlu在浓度为10^－4, 10^－6, 10^－8 mol•L^－1时对HL-60肿瘤细胞生长的抑制率分别为55.8和2.8, 12.8和1.5以及5.9和0.6, 这与(R)-5FUGlu比(S)-5FUGlu分子具有更强的靶向结合G4-DNA能力相吻合.     

取代基对咪唑[4,5-f]-1,10-邻菲罗啉Ru(Ⅱ)配合物的温敏性能影响

合成了3种具有不同取代基的咪唑[4, 5-f]-1,10-邻菲罗啉配体L¹~L³及其Ru(Ⅱ)配合物[Ru(L¹)₃]、[Ru(L²)₃]和[Ru(L³)₃],并进行了表征。这些Ru(Ⅱ)配合物在溶液中具有π→π^*跃迁吸收峰和金属到配体的电荷转移跃迁(MLCT)吸收峰,其发光峰位约为590 nm左右。将Ru(Ⅱ)配合物掺杂到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)中得到相应的温敏漆。Ru(Ⅱ)配合物在PMMA膜中的吸收峰精细结构消失,且在长波方向663 nm附近有新的发射峰,表明Ru(Ⅱ)配合物在PMMA膜中有聚集。温度升高后,Ru(Ⅱ)配合物在PMMA膜中的发射峰强度逐渐减弱。分别计算了在30~60 ℃和60~90 ℃区间内非辐射活化能E_nr和温度灵敏度S_T。结果表明,具有苯基取代的咪唑[4, 5-f]-1,10-邻菲罗啉配体的[Ru(L¹)₃]配合物,比咪唑[4, 5-f]-1,10-邻菲罗啉Ru(Ⅱ)配合物[Ru(L²)₃]及烷基取代基的咪唑[4, 5-f]-1,10-邻菲罗啉Ru(Ⅱ)配合物[Ru(L³)₃]具有更高的温度灵敏度。     

溶液浓度对拉曼光谱线宽和频移影响的实验研究

将液芯光纤技术用于傅里叶变换拉曼光谱测量中,提高拉曼光谱强度10²～10⁴倍.应用该技术,在实验上研究了溶液浓度变化对β-carotene,rhodamine在CS²中的CC键π-π^*跃迁拉曼线频移和线宽的影响.实验结果表明,随着浓度降低(1×10^-7～1×10^-12mol/L),拉曼光谱线峰值发生红移,线宽变窄.     

XAFS spectroscopic study of Tc2(O2CCH3)4X2 (X = Cl,Br)

Technetium dimers Tc₂(O₂CCH₃)₄X₂ (X =?Cl, Br) were synthesized and studied by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy (XAFS). EXAFS analysis gave for Tc₂(O₂CCH₃)₄Cl₂: d Tc-Tc =?2.18(1) Å, d Tc–Cl =?2.43(1) Å and for Tc₂(O₂CCH₃)₄Br₂: d Tc–Tc =?2.19(1) Å, d Tc-Br =?2.63(1) Å. The Tc Tc separations are in agreement with Raman studies while the Tc–X distances are somewhat larger. Comparison with other Tc(III) quadruply bonded dimers indicates that the carboxylate compounds exhibit larger Tc–Tc separations. The effect of the terminal ligand (nature and position) on the Tc–Tc separation is discussed.     

Rate constants for addition of the OP·(OPri)2, Me3C·, and Me(CH2)3 ·CH2 radicals to methano[60]fullerenes C60CX1X2 (X1 = X2 = CO2Et; X1 = CO2Me,X2 = OP(OMe)2; X1 = X2 = OP(OEt)2)

The rate constants for the addition of the OP^·(OPrⁱ)₂, Me₃C^·, and Me(CH₂)₃ ^·CH₂ radicals to the methano[60]fullerenes C₆₀CX¹X² (X¹ = X² = CO₂Et; X¹ = CO₂Me, X² = OP(OMe)2; X¹ = X² = OP(OEt)₂) were determined by ESR spectroscopy. Methanofullerenes are more reactive toward these radicals than C₆₀ fullerene.     

First emission studies of Tc2X8(2-) systems (X = Cl, Br)

The emission spectra of the solids [n-Bu(4)N](2)Tc(2)X(8) (X = Cl, Br) have been investigated at room temperature and 77 K. In each case, the emission originates in the (1)δ-δ* excited state, as with the rhenium homologues, but has a shorter lifetime.     

Die Gadoliniumcarbidhalogenide Gd4C2X3 (X = Cl,Br)

The Gadolinium Carbide Halides, Gd₄C₂X₃ (X = Cl, Br) The compounds Gd₄C₂X₃ (X = Cl, Br) and Tb₄C₂Br₃ have been prepared by reaction of the metals (RE), REX₃, and C in sealed Ta capsules at 1 100° and 1 300°C, respectively. Monophasic samples of Gd₄C₂Br₃ and Tb₄C₂Br₃ were obtained by reacting stoichiometric mixtures of the starting materials for five days. The needle shaped crystals are bronze-coloured and sensitive to air and moisture. Gd₄C₂X₃ crystallizes in the space group Pnma (No. 62) with lattice constants a = 1 059.6(4), b = 368.4(1), c = 1 962.7(8) pm (Gd₄C₂Cl₃), a = 1 084.4(1), b = 373.0(1), c = 2 036.1(1) pm (Gd₄C₂Br₃). According to Guinier photographs, Tb₄C₂Br₃ is isotypic (a = 1 074.3(2), b = 370.6(1), c = 2 019.4(1) pm). In the crystal structure C is octahedrally coordinated by Gd. The Gd₆ octahedra are linked via common edges to form corrugated layers. The X-anions coordinate all free edges and corners of these layers and connect them via Xⁱ? Xⁱ contacts parallel [001]. Gd₄C₂Br₃ shows metallic conductivity. The magnetic susceptibility follows at high temperatures a Curie Weiss law with an effective moment of 7.95 μ_B. At temperatures below 50 K antiferromagnetic order is observed.     

A vibrational analysis of the (X2O)2(g) (X=H,D, T) isotopomeric species

Harmonic vibrational analysis is carried out for the water dimer (¹H or natural isotopic mixture) and its²D and³T isotopomers in the gas phase, using the recently designed flexible potential energy functions. The results represent the most complete and reliable theoretical evaluation of the vibrational frequencies, directly applicable to various observation interpretations. The complete data set can also be useful for a more general isotopomeric reasoning.     

Seven-coordinate [ReVON4X2]+ complexes (X = O and Cl)

The oxorhenium(V) complexes with ligands containing N4 (H2pmen) and N4O2 (H2bbpen, H2Clbbpen, and H2bped) donor atom sets have been synthesized. X-ray crystallographic analyses of the [ReO(H2pmen)Cl2]+, [ReO(bbpen)]+, and [ReO(bped)]+ complexes showed that all three cations share a rare seven-coordinate structure with a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry, which represents a novel and potentially general structural motif in ReV = O complexes. 1H NMR spectroscopy shows that the structures of the complexes are retained in the solution.     

Vibrational analyses of sulfamoyl halides NH2SO2X (X is F, Cl and Br)

The structural stability of sulfamoyl halides NH(2)-SO(2)X (X is F, Cl and Br) were investigated by DFT-B3LYP/6-311+G** and ab initio MP2/6-311+G** calculations. From the calculations the molecules were predicted to exist only in the anti (XS bond is anti with respect to nitrogen lone pair) conformation with the possibility of very low abundance of the syn (SO(2) and NH(2) groups eclipse each other) form of only the fluoride. The equilibrium constant for the syn<-->anti conformational conversion of sulfamoyl fluoride was calculated to be 0.0172 that corresponds to an equilibrium mixture of about 2% syn and 98% anti at 298.15K. The vibrational frequencies were computed at DFT-B3LYP level for the stable anti conformer of the d(0) and d(2) (ND(2)-SO(2)X) deuterated species of the three molecules. Normal coordinate calculations were then carried out and the potential energy distributions were calculated for the molecules.     

Synthesis and evaluation of dioxygen binding [Mn(depe)2X2] complexes (X=Br or NCS)

Summary Synthesis, characterization and oxygen affinity studies for [Mn(depe)₂X₂] [X=Br or NCS; depe=1,2-bis(diethylphosphino)ethane] complexes are reported. [Mn(depe)₂Br₂] crystals were obtained and characterized by single crystal x-ray and elemental analysis. Gravimetric and volumetric dioxygen uptake studies were performed at atmospheric pressure at various temperatures. These transition metal compounds show considerable dioxygen uptake at various partial pressures of dioxygen. Some isotherm and kinetic data for dioxygen coordination by these complexes at ambient pressures are presented.