溶剂对光致变色材料-乙基红的光学特性影响

研究了溶剂性质对光致变色材料乙基红光学性质的影响.用吸收谱测定了乙基红染料在不同溶剂中的溶剂化位移.对相同浓度多种乙基红溶液进行了Z-scan测量,测量了不同乙基红溶液的光限幅效应,并讨论了其与溶剂之间的关系.随极性增加,吸收谱蓝移,可以通过选择不同溶剂,改变非线性材料的应用窗口.实验结果表明,在连续光照射下,乙基红溶液的非线性折射主要由热效应引起,非线性折射系数n2受溶剂的热学性质影响较大.此外,Z-scan结果中的非线性吸收为饱和吸收.至于光限幅效应,主要受热效应影响,但亦可由吸收谱预测出在某波长处的动态范围.得出的结论有助于偶氮染料作为非线性材料的应用.     

利用散射光增强弱吸收固体混合物中主要光吸收物质的光声光谱特征

在传统的透射和反射光谱中, 散射光通常是误差的主要来源之一, 然而对光声光谱, 散射光有可能成为促进光谱测量的积极因素. 本文研究了弱吸收固体混合物–-奥氮平药片及其粉末的光声光谱. 为了排除光声池吸收散射光所产生背景光声信号的干扰, 取试样与其空白物的差值谱进行碳黑归一化, 得到了只与试样自身性质相关的归一化光声光谱.实验发现通过将药片碾成粉末, 可以使奥氮平药片的主成分奥氮平原料药的光声光谱特征凸显出来. 分析表明光散射效应是这一现象产生的主要原因. 传统光谱技术的障碍–-散射光却能促进光声光谱测量, 这显示出光声技术在光谱测量领域的独特优势. 上述实验提供了一种初步快速鉴别弱吸收固体混合物中少量光吸收物质的新方法, 这一方法有望应用于固体药物、矿物和土壤分析等领域. 关键词： 光声光谱 散射光 弱吸收固体混合物 奥氮平     

角分辨布里渊光散射对材料的弹性和热学性能研究的综述

材料的弹性和热学性能对于材料基本性质研究、器件的结构设计以及性能优化等具有重要的参考价值.本文综述了角分辨布里渊光散射的基本原理以及如何利用角分辨布里渊光散射光谱技术获得材料的弹性常数、德拜温度和晶格热导率等物理量,并介绍了该技术在研究块体、薄膜和二维材料的弹性和热学性能以及相关物理现象如声子瓶颈效应、尺寸效应等中的应...     

聚丁二炔Langmuir-Blodgett薄膜的光声谱研究

本文在用X-射线小角衍射对聚合与转载先后次序不同的PDA LB膜进行结构表征的基础上,不同厚度PDA LB膜的光声斩波频率效应说明,随着PDA LB膜厚度增加,LB膜的热学性质逐渐明显。此外,还探讨了如何从PDA LB膜的光声谱求得光声吸收系数问题,本文的研究结果表明,光声谱技术是研究LB膜热学特性的有效手段。     

聚丁二炔Langmuir-Blodgett薄膜的光声谱研究(Ⅰ)结构表征与光声吸收系数

本文在用Ｘ－射线小角衍射对聚合与转载先后次序不同的ＰＤＡＬＢ膜进行结构表征的基础上,不同厚度ＰＤＡＬＢ膜的光声斩波频率效应说明,随着ＰＤＡＬＢ膜厚度增加,ＬＢ膜的热学性质逐渐明显。此外,还探讨了如何从ＰＤＡＬＢ膜的光声谱求得光声吸收系数问题,本文的研究结果表明,光声谱技术是研究ＬＢ膜热学特性的有效手段。     

聚丁二炔Langmuir—Blodgett薄膜的光声谱研究：（Ⅰ）结构表征与光声？…

本在用Ｘ－射线小角衍射聚合与转载先后次序不同的ＰＤＡ ＬＢ膜进行结构表征的基础上,不同厚度的ＰＤＡ ＬＢ膜的光声新斩波频率效应说明,随着ＰＤＡ ＬＢ膜厚度增加,ＬＢ膜的热学性质逐渐明显。此外,还探讨了如何从ＰＤＡ ＬＢ膜的光声谱求得光声吸收系数问题,本的研究结果表明,光声谱技术是研究ＬＢ膜热学特性的有效手段。     

聚双(对甲苯磺酸)-2,4-己二炔-1,6-二醇酯(PTS )的热学性质

应用光声效应研究了聚双(对甲苯磺酸)-2,4-己二炔-1,6-二醇酯(PTS)在175—225K范围内的热学性质随温度的变化关系。发现比热C_3和热导K的积C_3·K在200K附近有一尖锐的峰,第一次由热学性质确定该处存在一个二阶相变。同时通过实验结果分析得到热导K在该温区内存在与温度成正比的反常行为,并对此作了分析。     

聚双(对甲苯磺酸)-2,4-己二炔-1,6-二醇酯(PTS)的热学性质

应用光声效应研究了聚双(对甲苯磺酸)-2,4-己二炔-1,6-二醇酯(PTS)在175—225K范围内的热学性质随温度的变化关系。发现比热C₃和热导K的积C₃·K在200K附近有一尖锐的峰,第一次由热学性质确定该处存在一个二阶相变。同时通过实验结果分析得到热导K在该温区内存在与温度成正比的反常行为,并对此作了分析。 关键词：     

纳秒脉冲激光特性对金纳米球光声响应的影响

由于局部表面等离激元共振现象,金纳米颗粒具有显著的光热效应,而近年来随着人们对精准医疗和非介入性组织成像的需要,作为纳米颗粒光热衍生效应的金纳米颗粒光声效应得到了人们的广泛关注.金纳米颗粒自身特性对其光声效应的影响目前已经得到一定的研究,而对于脉冲激光特性对其光声效应的影响尚缺乏深入探讨,因此,本文对金纳米球在不同脉冲...     

时域光声谱技术及其在生物组织检测中的应用

当强度调制的光束照射于吸收物质,周期性热流使周围的介质热胀冷缩而激发声波,这种将光能转化为声能的现象称为光声效应。基于光声效应的时域光声谱技术将光学和声学有机地结合,为生物组织的无损检测技术提供了新的检测手段。该技术能够实现类似光学技术的高对比度和近似于声学技术的高精度和穿透深度,在生物医学检测中具有广阔的应用前景。文章介绍时域光声谱技术的原理及其在生物组织成分检测和层析成像检测中的应用。     

红外热辐射光源配光特性的快速测量及仿真

红外热辐射光源在光声光谱检测等领域具有重要的应用价值,明确其配光特性是后续光学系统设计的基础.根据水冷散热下红外热辐射光源辐射通量的变化规律,提出快速获取高功率红外热辐射光源配光特性的方法并对其进行相关验证.实验结果表明,光源辐射通量的最大值在80°的角度处,两侧的辐射通量缓慢减小,能量分散在0°～130°的角度范围内...     

LIGHT SCATTERING AND INFRARED RADIATION OF SPATIAL OBJECTS

In this paper, the characteristic of light scattering and infrared radiation of spatial objects are discussed. The spectral distribution of solar, sky and earth background radiation is given. Based on theories of heat transfer, background radiation and the law of energy conservation, the thermal balance equation for spatial objects can be obtained. With the equation solved and thermal meshwork method, the variation of the thermal equilibrium temperature and radiation power with height is discussed under the conditions of different time zone and altitude.     

New image contrast method in magnetic resonance imaging via ultrasound

When applied to a sample, ultrasound (US) gives rise to a displacement of tissue and a flow in a liquid due to the acoustic radiation pressure. These movements depend on the viscoelastic properties of the sample and can be visualized precisely with an MRI scanner using diffusion- sensitive pulse sequences. In this paper, measurements will be presented, which show the visualization of the US under variation of its parameters in different liquids and in tissue.     

Size effect of two-dimensional thermal radiation

Properties of two-dimensional thermal radiation are investigated as a function of sample size and temperature. The two-dimensional thermal radiation is different from two-dimensional blackbody radiation when the size of the sample becomes small due to the uncertainty principle, which shows the allowed minimum energy can?t be neglected. The energy density is shown as a function of sample size at a constant temperature. The energy density is also shown as a function of temperature at a constant size. It is shown that our prediction can be measured from the thermal radiation of graphene.     

锂离子对稀土掺杂氧化物的红外激光诱导热辐射的影响

由于具有较高的可见波段荧光效率,基于稀土掺杂氧化物的红外激光诱导热辐射具有重大的应用潜力。进一步提高红外诱导热辐射效率具有重大的实用价值。设计了一种改善稀土掺杂氧化物材料中红外诱导热辐射效率的方案,即通过掺杂改性杂质,既可以改变稀土离子周围局域晶场的对称性;同时又引入了晶格缺陷。对应的效果包括：一方面,可以通过增强稀土离子周围的晶场强度来提高稀土元素对于入射光子的吸收能力;另一方面,可以利用晶格缺陷作为猝灭中心来增加材料的热转化能力,最终将显著提高杂质改性材料的光热转化效率,即获得更加高效的红外诱导热辐射材料。为了验证设计方案的可行性,利用溶胶-凝胶方法合成了不同浓度的镱离子和锂离子的共掺杂样品,通过XRD及TEM测试分析了杂质对样品结构的影响,并且基于荧光发射光谱具体研究了杂质掺杂浓度对热辐射效率的影响。该工作为高效稀土掺杂热辐射材料的制备提供一定的参考。     

Theory and analysis of frequency-domain photoacoustic tomography

A new frequency-domain approach to photoacoustic tomography has recently been proposed, promising to overcome some of the shortcomings associated with the pulsed photoacoustic approach. This approach offers many of the benefits of pulsed photoacoustics but requires a different set of equations for modeling of the forward and inverse problems due to the longer time scales involved in the optical input signal. The theory of photoacoustic tomography with an optical input that is not necessarily a short pulse is considered in this paper. The full optical, thermal, and acoustic governing equations are derived. A transfer function approach is taken for the solution and analysis of this problem. The results and implications are compared with those of pulsed photoacoustics and traditional ultrasonic diffraction tomography. A Fourier diffraction theorem is also presented, which could be used as a basis for the development of tomographic imaging algorithms.     

Photo-differential Scanning Calorimetry Study on Photopolymerization of Polyacrylate/E7 Liquid Crystal Blends

Photo-differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) was used to investigate the cure kinetics of a photo-initiated polymerization of tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) monomers mixed with a eutectic liquid crystal mixture, E7, chosen due to its significant optical properties. The thermal photo-polymerization reactions were performed in isothermal mode in order to identify and evaluate the different thermal effects occurring during the photo-polymerization reaction under UV light. The results obtained help to better understand the curing mechanisms as well as the kinetics of the curing reactions. The isothermal photo-DSC provided complex thermograms showing the presence of two thermal effects: an exothermic heat (positive activation energy) generated during the conversion of monomers and an endothermic heat produced by the UV lamp. The latter phenomenon was observed in our previous work and was associated to the heating of the polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) material by the UV irradiation lamp. The dependence of photopolymerization on the time and intensities of the curing UV light were investigated. The results showed that the high intensity UV light heats the material and slows the process of phase separation which, in turn, affects the electro-optical properties of the material under study. The photo DSC results also revealed that the heating of the system was insignificant and can, therefore, be neglected, for materials exposed to UV radiation with an irradiation time of 5?seconds and a low intensity of 13.80?mW/cm².     

Transformation of photo-counting statistics by non-linear light conversion

It is known [1–3] that the statistical properties of the electrons emitted by a detector, which registers a light beam, contain information about light radiation statistics. This method has recently been widely used to measure the statistical properties of laser radiation [4]. In analysing non-linearly-transformed laser or thermal radiation, this method can give information about the non-linear process and also additional data on the statistics of the transformed radiation.     

Modelling the thermal pattern of a statue or column exposed to periodic lighting conditions

Summary In the case of monuments, the thermal effects due to periodic lighting conditions in the long run may be very dangerous. In this article the thermal response of a column or a statue cylindrically shaped and subjected to periodic lighting conditions is studied. Two sources are considered: in the first the intensity is time dependent according to a sinusoid (i.e. diffuse solar radiation from a skylight or window or partially closed outdoor environments); in the second according to a square-wave law (i.e. spot-light switched on and off). The model shows some characteristic features as a function of a dimensionless parameter μ, expressed as the ratio between the radius of the cylinder and its penetration depth, which takes into account the thermal properties of the substance and the lighting period. For high values of μ, the amplitude is poorly dependent on azimuth. The shadowed part is practically insensitive to the azimuth variation. For small values of μ the amplitudes of the thermal wave are very large, causing enhanced thermohydrometric cycles on the bodies. The phase lags between the different point depths increase with μ. The phase lags behave differently in three zones of the cylinder: i) the part facing the light, ii) the two transition zones, iii) the shadowed part. For small lighting durations and small μ the switching on or off of artificial light causes sudden and dangerous variations of temperature. Some hours after the switching off, all the surface of a cylinder with small μ reaches a homogeneous temperature. The mathematical analysis of the thermal behaviour of a cylinder shows how a physical simulation can be made, by changing radius, substance and lighting period, separately or together. Paper presented at the IV Congresso del Gruppo Nazionale per la Fisica dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano, June 22–24, 1987, Rome.     

雪的热辐射偏振特性定量研究

雪作为衡量全球气候变化有效的信息源之一,其热辐射存在偏振特性,且这一偏振特性会受到多因素的影响。为了定量分析单一因素及其交互作用对雪的热辐射偏振特性的影响,在传统分析的基础上,设计了三因素三水平的正交实验。结果表明,探测角、方位角和波段均对雪的热辐射偏振特性产生影响;探测角对雪的热辐射偏振度产生显著的影响;探测角与其他两因素的交互作用以及波段均对雪的热辐射偏振度产生显著影响;方位角对雪的热辐射偏振度有一定的影响,而它与波段的交互作用不会对雪的热辐射偏振度产生影响。因此,在研究中,既要考虑单因素本身对雪的热辐射偏振特性的影响,还要考虑交互作用的影响。