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采用洛伦兹变换推导出左旋椭圆偏振强激光在磁化等离子体中的非线性色散关系,根据Karpman方法推导出激光场包络的非线性控制方程,分析了在磁化等离子体中左旋椭圆偏振激光的调制不稳定性,得到了调制不稳定的时间增长率。分析结果表明,磁化等离子体中自调制不稳定的极大增长率较非磁化情况明显减小,且在激光等离子体临界面附近处调制不稳定性的时间增长率显著增大。     

强激光在磁化等离子体中的调制不稳定性

采用洛伦兹变换推导出左旋椭圆偏振强激光在磁化等离子体中的非线性色散关系,根据Karpman方法推导出激光场包络的非线性控制方程,分析了在磁化等离子体中左旋椭圆偏振激光的调制不稳定性,得到了调制不稳定的时间增长率。分析结果表明,磁化等离子体中自调制不稳定的极大增长率较非磁化情况明显减小,且在激光等离子体临界面附近处调制不稳定性的时间增长率显著增大。     

线性偏振激光在相对论等离子体中的调制不稳定性

 从相对论等离体中电磁波的非线性色散方程出发,利用Karpman方法获得了线性偏振波模所满足的非线性控制方程,在非线性色散方程和非线性控制方程的基础上对线性偏振激光在相对论等离体中传播的调制不稳定性进行分析,给出了调制不稳定的时间增长率与扰动态波数之间的函数关系。     

Compton 散射对线偏光在相对论等离子体中调制不稳定性的影响

应用多光子非线性Compton 散射模型、电磁波非线性色散方程和Karpman 方法,研究了 Compton 散射对线偏光在相对论等离子体中调制不稳定性的影响,给出了等离子体的非线性色散、控制和调制不稳定性增 长率的修正方程,并进行了数值模拟。结果表明：与散射前相比,随无量纲化频率值减小,即趋于等离子体临界面处,散射使相同扰动波数引起的调制不稳定性增长率更大,使等离子体临界面处的调制不稳定性增长率较其余位置尤为显著。这是由于散射光使等离子体非线性增强,形成了激光场自聚焦和自成丝的缘故。     

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基于多光子非线性Compton散射模型,研究了Compton散射下等离子体中强朗缪尔湍动对调制不稳定性的影响。将入射光和Compton散射光作为形成强朗缪尔湍动和调制不稳定性的新机制,给出了强朗缪尔湍动、色散和调制不稳定性时间增长率所满足的修正方程,并进行了数值模拟。结果表明,与Compton散射前相比,Compton散射使等离子体内产生了更为剧烈的坍塌,坍塌后期形成的强朗缪尔湍动,使等离子体界面附近的调制不稳定性的时间增长率显著增大,调制不稳定性发展得更快,光场峰值增加得更强,并使整体激光场出现明显的成丝现象。     

超强线极化激光在e-p等离子体中传播的成丝不稳定性

基于超强线极化激光在正负电子对(e-p)等离子体中的传播方程,讨论了相互作用过程中的成丝不稳定性。得到了电磁波的非线性色散关系和不稳定性增长率,并讨论了传播过程中激光强度和等离子体温度对成丝不稳定性的影响。结果表明,成丝不稳定性的强弱主要由相互作用的非线性效应与受有质动力作用后等离子体密度的减小之间的竞争所决定。     

强双折射光纤中任意偏振方向矢量调制不稳定性

利用光脉冲在非线性双折射光纤中传播时所遵循的相干耦合非线性薛定谔方程,研究了偏振方向与双折射轴成任意角度时，在反常色散区和正常色散区所产生的调制不稳定性.结果表明，在反常色散区和正常色散区存在不稳定偏振区域和稳定偏振区域，对应不同的不稳定偏振区域，输入临界功率不同，脉冲有不同的增益谱. 关键词： 任意偏振方向 矢量调制不稳定性 非线性光纤 双折射     

饱和非线性正折射异向介质中的调制不稳定性

直接从异向介质中包含饱和非线性、自陡峭和二阶非线性色散效应的非线性扩展传输方程出发,采用线性稳定性分析法,导出了调制不稳定性的色散关系、不稳定条件、无量纲的临界扰动频率和增益谱。计算和讨论了异向介质正折射区无量纲的增益谱随归一化角频率和入射功率密度的变化关系。结果表明,在异向介质正折射区,随归一化角频率和入射功率密度的不同,增益谱将会出现扰动频率大于零、扰动频率大于某个非零临界值、扰动频率大于零而小于某个非零临界值3种形式。在归一化角频率较小时,调制不稳定性可能出现阈值入射功率密度;且在较小的入射功率密度时,调制不稳定性只能出现在大于某个临界频率时。     

非线性管理光纤光栅中的调制不稳定性研究

基于非线性耦合模方程,研究了非线性管理光纤光栅中的调制不稳定性,得到了调制不稳定性的色散关系。与常规的非线性光纤光栅相比,在非线性管理光纤光栅中,克尔非线性的变化改变了调制不稳定性增益谱的谱宽和幅度,并导致新的不稳定性区域的出现:在反常色散区,原来关于零波数对称的两个旁瓣随着克尔非线性变化的增加其增益幅度递减至零,在经历了一段无增益区域之后,又逐渐形成了在零波数附近区域的一个新的单峰;而在正常色散区,除了原来的两个增益区域之外,零波数附近出现了新的增益区,增益的幅度随克尔非线性变化的增加而递增。可见,非线性管理光纤光栅给调制不稳定性的产生提供了更多的空间。     

热电子等离子体低频不稳定性的非线性理论

本文分析了热电子等离子体中低频漂移不稳定性和交换不稳定性的非线性性质,导出了扰动幅度随时间变化的非线性耦合方程,得到了等离子体密度扰动的饱和幅度,讨论了热电子成分对饱和幅度的影响。漂移波引起的等离子体密度扰动相对幅度约20％,交换模引起的等离子体密度相对扰动幅度约5％。当热电子成分达到线性稳定条件所要求的阈值时,漂移波和交换模的饱和幅度降为零。 关键词：     

Modulation instability by intense laser beam in magnetized plasma

Modulation instability of an intense right-hand elliptically polarized laser beam propagating through magnetized plasma is investigated by a new method. The nonlinear dispersion relation, in which the relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities are taken into account, is obtained for the laser radiation in magnetized plasma by the Lorentz transformation. The Karpman equation is firstly generalized to the case of three dimensions with three field components. When the nonlinear frequency shift of the electromagnetic field in plasma is involved, the nonlinear evolution equation for the slowly varying envelope of the laser field is obtained. Thus, modulation instability of the intense laser beam in magnetized plasma is studied and the temporal growth rate of the instability is derived. The analysis shows that the peak growth rate of self-modulation instability is increased due to the axial magnetization of plasma. It is also shown that the growth rate of modulation instability is increased significantly near the critical surface in a laser-plasma.     

Nonlinear Dynamics of Circularly Polarized Laser Pulse Propagating in a Magnetized Plasma with q ‐Nonextensive Velocity Distributions

The nonlinear dynamics of a circularly polarized laser pulse propagating in magnetized plasma contains hot nonextensive q ‐distributed electrons and ions is studied theoretically. A nonlinear equation which describes the dynamics of the slowly varying amplitude electromagnetic wave is obtained using the relativistic two‐fluids model. Some nonlinear phenomena include modulational instability, self‐focusing, soliton formation, and longitudinal and transversal evolutions of laser pulse in nonextensive plasma medium are investigated. Results show that the nonextensivity of particles can substantially change the nonlinearity of medium. The external magnetic field enhances the modulation instability growth rate of right‐hand polarization wave but for the left‐hand polarization the growth rate decreases. The spot size of the laser pulse is strongly affected by the plasma nonextensivity. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

激光偏振状态对磁化等离子体中电磁孤波的影响

强激光与等离子体之间相互作用,能够产生各种参量不稳定性过程和非线性效应。利用Karpman方法推导出横场包络所满足的非线性控制性方程,在一维情况下,获得孤波解。对孤波解进行分析,发现波包孤子的半宽反比于振幅;分析磁化等离子体中各参量对孤波半宽的影响。结果表明,在右旋圆偏振激光情况下,随着电子数密度的增大,孤波的半宽逐渐减小,而当磁场强度增大时,孤波的半宽逐渐增大;在左旋圆偏振激光情况下,随着电子数密度的增大,孤波的半宽逐渐增大,而当磁场强度增大时,孤波的半宽逐渐减小。     

Modulation instability of intense laser beam in an electron-positron plasma

Modulation instability of an intense right-hand elliptically polarized laser beam propagating through an electron-positron plasma is investigated by a new method. The nonlinear dispersion relation, in which the relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities are taken into account, is obtained for the laser radiation in electron-positron plasma by the Lorentz transformation. The Karpman equation is generalized to the case of three dimensions with three field components. When the nonlinear frequency shift of the electromagnetic field in plasma is involved, the nonlinear evolution equation for the slowly varying envelope of the laser field is obtained. Thus, modulation instability of the intense laser beam in electron-positron plasma is studied and the temporal growth rate of the instability is derived. The analysis shows that the growth rate of modulation instability is increased significantly near the critical surface in a laser-plasma.     

Electromagnetic envelope solitons in magnetized plasma

A multiple scales technique is employed to solve the fluid-Maxwell equations describing a weakly nonlinear circularly polarized electromagnetic pulse in magnetized plasma. A nonlinear Schrödinger-type (NLS) equation is shown to govern the amplitude of the vector potential. The conditions for modulational instability and for the existence of various types of localized envelope modes are investigated in terms of relevant parameters. Right-hand circularly polarized (RCP) waves are shown to be modulationally unstable regardless of the value of the ambient magnetic field and propagate as bright-type solitons. The same is true for left-hand circularly polarized (LCP) waves in a weakly to moderately magnetized plasma. In other parameter regions, LCP waves are stable in strongly magnetized plasmas and may propagate as dark-type solitons (electric field holes). The evolution of envelope solitons is analyzed numerically, and it is shown that solitons propagate in magnetized plasma without any essential change in amplitude and shape.     

低密等离子体通道中的非共振激光直接加速

在低密等离子体通道中, 横向有质动力可以有效调制电子的横向振荡过程. 一方面, 横向有质动力可以向外推动电子, 增大电子横向振荡振幅, 减小失相率, 使电子获得能量增益; 另一方面, 横向有质动力也可以通过对失相率的非线性调制来降低失相率, 在电子横向振荡振幅很小的情况下导致激光直接加速. 横向有质动力调制的大小由等离子体密度、激光强度和束宽共同决定. 三维模型结果也证实可以通过参数放大实现激光直接加速, 弥补了准二维模型的局限性.