单臂液晶冠醚LB膜的研究

首次研究了４种单液晶冠醚（１～４）的ＬＢ膜成膜特性，实验发现它们在气－液界面均可形成单分子膜，但４的稳定性较差，３易转移到玻璃基片上形成Ｙ型膜。４种化合物与硬脂酸以１：１混合形成稳定的Ｙ型ＬＢ膜。小角Ｘ射线衍射证实了膜的有序结构。用ＣＰＫ原子模型对成膜分子构型和面积进行了估算，其结果与实验一致。并讨论了分子结构对成膜性能的影响。     

倒浮萍聚合物LB膜的有序－无序相变研究

倒浮萍聚合物ＬＢ膜的有序－无序相变研究李宏斌，张希，张瑞丰，赵冰，徐尉青，沈家骢，高忠民（吉林大学分子光谱与分子结构开放实验室、化学系，分析测试中心，长春，１３００２３）关键词聚合物ＬＢ膜，有序－无序相变，变温红外光谱，变温小角Ｘ光衍射ＬＢ膜的有序－...     

花生酸LB膜周期结构的环境稳定性

花生酸ＬＢ膜周期结构的环境稳定性何平笙，管水云，李春娥（中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系，合肥，２３００２６）关键词Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｂｌｏｄｇｅｔｔ膜，Ｘ射线衍射，氨和ＨＣｌ溶液蒸汽处理，花生酸铅、镉、钡Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｂｌｏｄｇｅｔｔ膜（ＬＢ膜...     

两亲性高聚物形成LB膜条件的研究

两亲性高聚物形成ＬＢ膜条件的研究边凤兰，杨毅，黄金满，高倩，高明远，沈家骢（吉林大学化学系，长春，１３００２３）关键词两性高聚物，接枝度，ＬＢ膜，循环伏安法应用ＬＢ膜技术，制备高质量的有机超薄膜ｌ‘，习日益引起人们极大的兴趣，如果这种薄膜没有针孔等结...     

菌紫质分子沉积膜的制备

菌紫质分子沉积膜的制备李正强，王力彦，张希，李伯符，沈家骢（吉林大学分子光谱与分子结构开放实验室，长春，１３００２３）胡坤生，王敖金（中国科学院北京生物物理研究所，北京）关键词菌紫质，分子沉积膜，功能结构细菌视紫红质（Ｂａｃｔｅｒｉｏｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｉ...     

硬脂酸镍L—B膜对甲醇的电催化氧化

硬脂酸镍Ｌ－Ｂ膜电极对甲醇具有良好的电催化作用，膜中镍离子主要以－ＣｏｏＮｉ（ＯＨ）形式存在，电催化过程受ＯＨ－浓度的影响，也涉及甲醇分子在膜内的穿透。     

稀土Eu(Ⅲ)双酞菁衍生物LB膜的荧光性

合成了八－４－（四氢糠氧基）酞菁铕（Ⅲ）,通过元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和紫外－可见光谱加以确认。测定了配合物的ＩＩ－Ａ曲线,证明它有很好的成膜性,Ｚ型沉积形成的ＬＢ膜材料有很强的荧光响应,随着ＬＢ膜厚度的增加,荧光性增强。掺杂邻菲咯啉形成的混合ＬＢ膜,其荧光性比纯膜强。但不是邻菲咯啉加入的量越多荧光性越强。配合物：邻菲咯啉＝１：１０时（摩尔比）,有最好的荧光行为。用电子光谱对ＬＢ膜的结构进行了表征     

Fe_2O_3超微粒/硬脂酸复合LB膜的制备和表征研究

用超声分散的方法将Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒分散于硬脂酸／正己烷／氯仿溶液中，用ＬＢ膜技术进行组装。结果表明：Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒能均匀地分散在有机溶剂中，并且能够被硬脂酸包裹；Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒／硬酯酸单分子膜的成膜性能良好，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒／硬脂酸复合ＬＢ膜具有层状结构；在Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒的晶格结构和硬脂酸单分子膜的晶格结构相匹配的情况下，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３超微粒能够被有序组装。     

LB膜中聚集体的时间分辨荧光研究

利用吸收，稳态和时间分辨荧光方法研究了苯腙（ＰＤ）和半花菁（ＤＡＥＰ）分子在Ｚ型ＬＢ多层膜中的聚集性质，苯腙和半花菁吸收光谱的红移和兰移，说明它们分别以Ｊ和Ｈ型聚集体形式存在于ＬＢ膜中，苯腙和半花菁ＬＢ膜的荧光发射带分别在５６０ｎｍ和５８４ｎｍ处，亦分别对于它们溶液的荧光谱呈示出红移和兰移的特征，它们的荧光衰减曲线能很好地用双指数模拟拟合，在苯腙和半花菁ＬＢ多层膜中主要存在着荧光寿命分别在ｎｓ和１     

A DV－X_∝ QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDY OF THE LEWIS ACIDITY SCALE OF BORON TRIHALIDES BX_з（X＝F，C1，Br，I）

ＡＤＶ－Ｘ＿∝ＱＵＡＮＴＵＭＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＴＨＥＬＥＷＩＳＡＣＩＤＩＴＹＳＣＡＬＥＯＦＢＯＲＯＮＴＲＩＨＡＬＩＤＥＳＢＸ＿з（Ｘ＝Ｆ，Ｃ１，Ｂｒ，Ｉ）￥ＺｈｅｎｇＴｉｎｇＣＡＩａｎｄＣｉＲａｎＬＩ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓ...     

铅污染对幼儿健康影响的调查研究

对调查区和对照区共２０３名￣６岁幼儿进行了血铅汪洋的调查。结果显示，生活在不同环境下的幼儿，已受到程度不同的铅污染。工业相对集中的城镇（调查区）幼儿血铅含量为５．１５μｇ／ｄＬ，大于郊区（对照区）幼儿的血铅含量３．５４μｇ／ｄＬ，交通和工矿企业对周围环境的污染是幼儿体内铅的主要来源。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Pb3O2(SeO3)

Single crystals of Pb₃O₂(SeO₃) have been prepared hydrothermally at 230 °C. The structure (orthorhombic, Cmc2₁, a = 10.529(2), b = 10.722(2), c = 5.7527(12)Å, V = 649.5(2)ų) has been solved by direct methods and refined to R₁ = 0.059 on the basis of 615 unique observed reflections (|F_o| = 4σ_F). The structure is based upon double [O₂Pb₃]²⁺ chains of edge‐sharing [OPb₄]⁶⁺ tetrahedra. These [O₂Pb₃]²⁺ chains run parallel to [001], and their planes are parallel to (010). The pyramidal (SeO₃)^2— anions are located between the chains; their triangular oxygen atom bases lie parallel to (001) and all (SeO₃)^2— groups are pointing in the same direction. A short compilation of [O₂M₃] chains of oxocentred M₄ tetrahedra in minerals and inorganic compounds is provided.     

Lead in Hair of Children Exposed to Gross Environmental Pollution

Abstract

In the context of a cross-sectional study, concentrations of lead in hair (PbH) were determined by atomic absorption analysis among 263 children aged 1 to 9 years, living less than 900m from a lead smelter in Santo Amaro City, Bahia, Brazil. PbH levels ranged from 20 to 4933 ppm; the median was 349 and the geometric mean was 313 ppm. The mean PbH level was increased among individuals with the following characteristics: female; younger age; shorter distance between residence and smelter; longer residence time in the area; racial group Dark; curly hair; being a child of a lead worker; high lead content in peridomiciliar area. The mean PbH level did not vary markedly according to the child's nutritional status, iron status and the habit of pica. The marked variations in pbH levels point out the feasibility of its use as an epidemiological index in situations of heavy environment pollution.     

Bulk optode sensors for batch and flow-through determinations of lead ion in water samples

A sensitive optode consisting of highly lead-selective ionophore (Lead IV), proton-selective chromoionophore (ETH 5294) and lipophilic anionic sites (KTpClPB) in plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane was fabricated. The optode membranes were used for determination of Pb²⁺ by absorption spectrophotometry in batch and flow-through systems. The influence parameters such as pH, type of buffer solution, response time and concentration of regenerating solution were optimized. The membrane responded to Pb²⁺ by changing its color from blue to pinkish purple in Tris buffer containing different concentration of Pb²⁺ at pH 7.0. The optode provided the response range of 3.16 × 10⁻⁸ to 5.00 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ Pb²⁺ with the detection limit of 2.49 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹ in the batch system within the response time of 30 min. The dynamic range of 1.26 × 10⁻⁸ to 3.16 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ Pb²⁺ with detection limit of 8.97 × 10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹ were obtained in the flow-through system within the response time of 15 min. Moreover, the proposed optode sensors showed good selectivity towards Pb²⁺ over Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺. It was successfully applied to determine Pb²⁺ in real water samples and the results were compared with well-established inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). No significant different value (t_critical = 4.30 > t_exp = 1.00-3.42, n = 3 at 95% of confidence level) was found.     

某蓄电池厂二十一年铅浓度与铅中毒的动态分析

调查分析了某蓄电池厂二十一年铅浓度与铅中毒的关系,结果表明空气中铅浓度与铅中毒病人正相关,ｒ＝０．６７,Ｐ〈０．０５,说明空间空气中铅浓度升高,铅中毒病人有可能增加,反之减少。直线回归方程为ｙ＝６．３５＋１．５５９８ｘ,Ｐ〈０．０５,回归系数也说明同样道理。通过不同工种铅浓度与铅中毒病人的关系可以看出在车间空气中铅浓度相对不高的情况下其发病率高的主要原因是接触时间较长,从而说明接触时间也是不可忽视     

[Pb6(H2O)2(cit)4]·3H2O和Pb(tar)(H2O)2两种柔性酸和铅的配位聚合物的水热合成与表征

在水热条件下, 合成了2个含柔性配体柠檬酸和酒石酸的二价铅配位聚合物[Pb6(H2O)2(cit)4]·3H2O(1)(H3cit=citric acid)及Pb(tar)(H2O)2(2)(tar=tartaric acid). 用红外光谱、差热-热重、元素分析、粉末X射线衍射及单晶X射线衍射等手段对化合物进行了表征. 化合物1属三斜晶系, P1空间群, a=0.97053(19) nm, b=0.9764(2) nm, c=1.0955(2) nm, α=109.016(3)°, β=98.380(3)°, γ=92.136(3)°, V=0.9671(3) nm3, Z=2, R1=0.0420, wR2=0.1049, GOF=1.064. 在化合物1的不对称结构单元中, 有3个铅离子以及2个柠檬酸阴离子和2个游离的水分子. 铅离子分别以4, 5, 7配位与柠檬酸配合形成了中性的三维骨架结构. 化合物2属于正交晶系, Pbca空间群, a=1.39739(6) nm, b=0.64922(2) nm, c=1.80354(10) nm, V=1.63620(13) nm3, Z=8, R1=0.0283, wR2=0.0649, GOF=1.014. 在化合物2的不对称结构单元中, 有1个铅离子、1个酒石酸分子和1个水分子, 六配位的铅和酒石酸形成了一维外消旋的无限长链, 链与链之间通过氢键连接成一个三维超分子结构. 在化合物1和2中, 两种配体均出现了α羟基和α羧基螯合的配位模式, 铅的6s孤电子对均显示了立体化学活性, 使配位键分布于半球区域.     

营养性驱铅饮料的研究

研究了营养性驱铅饮料的动物和人群试验，动物试验：饮料与铅动物组间比较，饮料组动物的尿，粪排铅量高，分别是对照组的１．５倍和１．１倍，血，肝，肾中含量低，体内Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ等微量元素基本稳定，其体重增长与对照组相一致，人群试验；试验组尿铅排出明显，试验末（２月后）仅为试验初的２１．７％，血铅平均减少０．３９μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，血中Ｈｂ，δ－ＡＬＡＤ和尿中δ－ＡＬＡ等均恢复良好；不影响体内ＺｎＣｕ等微量元     

铅的生物富集效应

铅以微量元素的含量水平，广泛分布于动、植物的人体中。对比大量的动植物种群及各种年龄组的人群，似乎铅在一定的分子组态，特别是生物有机铅，不一定都是有害物质。相反可起一定的新陈代谢调节作用。或者可称为新陈代谢调节剂。特别是在动物、植物、人体中铅为微量、超微量状态时，铅更显现调节作用。     

Differential-pulse anodic stripping voltammetry at mercury-poly(4-vinylpyridine) coatings on glassy carbon electrodes

The coating layer is simple to prepare and when the HG²⁺ within the layer is reduced it proves useful for determination of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺, but not Cu²⁺. The inherent filtering ability of the poly(vinylpyridine) excludes gelatin, which adsorbs on mercury film electrodes causing irreproducible results.     

ICP-AES法测定铅锭中11种杂质元素

研究了用酸分解试样后不需分离基体直接用ICP-AES法测定铅锭中银、铜、铋、砷、锑、锡、锌、铁、镉、镍、铊11种杂质元素的方法。优化了样品前处理条件及仪器检测条件。方法的检出限为0.0012μg/mL-0.0168μg /mL,回收率为89%-113%,RSD为 1.88%-4.97% 。