Biochemical and immunochemical study of a protein preparation from the culture liquid ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis

Using ultrafiltration methods of isolation, a culture liquid ofY. pseudotuberculosis has yielded a protein fraction with a molecular mass of not less than 80–100 kDa which possesses hemagglutinating activity and the properties of an antireceptor. It has been shown for the first time by the methods of affinity chromatography, indirect hemagglutination, and indirect IEA that this protein preparation from aY. pseudotuberculosis culture interacts specifically with the Fab₂ fragment of normal human IgG.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 784–787, November–December, 1994.     

Terpenoids of the oleoresins ofPinus pityusa andP. eldarica

The chemical composition of the oleoresins of the pinesPinus pityusa andP. eldarica growing in the Caucasus has been studied. In relation to the amounts of the main components, the oleoresins of these species are similar. Characteristic for their resins is a high content of caryophyllene. Diterpenoids are represented mainly by tricyclic compounds, among which pimarinol and isopimarinol and methyl 15-hydroxydehydroabietate predominate.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 316–320, May–June, 1982.     

Alkaloids ofHaplophyllum foliosum

The alkaloids skimmianine, dubinidine, foliosidine, graveoline, and compounds (I) and (II) have been isolated from the epigeal part of the plantHaplophyllum foliosum Vved. (family Rutaceae). On the basis of the spectral characteristics of (I) and its 0-isopropylidene derivative it has been established that the compound is the alkaloid edulinine. Substance (II) was identified as ferulic acid by direct comparison with an authentic sample. This is the first time that edulinine and ferulic acid have been detected in plants of the genusHaplophyllum.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 803–805, November–December, 1980.     

Coumarins and esters ofFerula microcarpa

Summary 1. In addition to known compounds, a new terpenoid coumarin has been isolated fromFerula microcarpa — fecarpin, which is the stereoisomer of kamolol in relation to the orientation of the hydroxy group.2. Microferin and microferinin — esters of a new guaiane alcohol microferol with p-hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acids, respectively — have been isolated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 566–570, September–October, 1978.     

Reactions of diterpenoids on solid supports. I. Oxidation of methyl abietate on the sorbents Al2O3 and SiO2 containing potassium permanganate

The oxidation of methyl abietate on the sorbents Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ containing potassium permanganate has been studied. It has been shown that the following are formed under the conditions selected: compounds of the dehydroabietane series, stereoisomeric mono- and diepoxides of methyl abietate, and the products of their transformation on the sorbents. The structures and stereochemistries of the compounds isolated have been established with the aid of spectral methods and XSA.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 371–378, May–June, 1994.     

Alkaloids ofCorydalis

Summary Fifteen bases have been isolated from three species ofCorydalis. Dihydrosanguinarine has been isolated from a plant of the genusCorydalis for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1975.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusSilene

Ecdysteroids produced by plants of the genusSilene are considered. The discussion covers 17 species of plants, from which 45 ecdysteroids have been isolated. It has been shown that ecdysterone is the most characteristic representative of the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids in theSilene series.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 627–635, September–October, 1993.     

Oxytropis alkaloids II. Structure of oxytriphine

The new alkaloid oxytriphine, the parent of natural 2-oxazoline derivatives, has been isolated from the epigeal part ofOxytropis trichophysa; and its structure has been established as (5S)-(+)-2,5-diphenyl-2-oxazoline. (-)-N-Benzoyl-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethylamine and benzoic acid have been detected in this plant for the first time. A hypothesis of the possible biogenetic interrelationship of the compounds isolated is put forward.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances. Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii. No. 6, pp. 873–876, November–December, 1993.     

Destruction of aspen wood by the fungusPhanerochaete sanguinea quantitative1H and13C NMR spectroscopies of biologically degraded lignin

The lignin of mechanically ground aspen wood and lignins isolated from aspen wood attacked by the fungusPhanerochaete sanguinea have been investigated by quantitative¹H and¹³C NMR spectroscopies. It has been shown that the biodestruction of the lignin takes place through the cleavage of alkyl-aryl and aryl-aryl bonds and is accompanied by demethylation (demethoxylation) reactions, and the oxidation of C and C atoms. In addition to reactions in which the C—C bonds are cleaved, the formation of ether bonds has been observed. An interconnection has been shown between the variations in the amount of functional groups, fragments, and the bonds in biolignins and the loss in mass of the wood. A method is proposed for evaluating the carbohydrate content in lignin preparations using the NMR method.Wood Chemistry Branch of the Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk. Irkutsk State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 547–557, July–August, 1994.     

Fluorodensitometric determination of mangiferin and isomangiferin inHedysarum flavescens andH. alpinum

Summary A fluorodensitometric method has been proposed for determining mangiferin and isomangiferin inHedysarum flavescens andH. alpinum. The relative accuracy of the method for the raw material is ±4.8%.Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 448–450, July–August, 1976.     

Investigation of the dihydroxylignin ofAlthaea rhyticarpa

Summary 1. The developed semiempirical formula for the dioxane lignin from the stems ofAlthaea rhyticarpa has been found from the results of elementary and functional analyses.2. It has been shown that the lignin consists of high- and low-molecular-weight fractions.3. It has been shown by the nitrobenzene oxidation method that p-coumaryl, guaiacyl, and syringyl structural units are present in the lignin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 242–246, March–April, 1976.     

Lipids of the biomass ofRuta graveolens, grownin vivo andin vitro

A lower content of chlorophylls, phospholipids, and linolenic acid and a higher content of rutin, carotenoids, and xanthophylls in the biomass ofRuta graveolens L. obtainedin vitro has been found as compared with these indices from the epigeal part of the plant grownin vivo.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 651–655, September–October, 1993.     

Oxygenated acids of the lipids ofOnopordum acanthium seeds

The structures of the oxygenated fatty acids of the lipids ofOnopordum acanthium L. seeds have been studied by the methods of chemical, chromatographic, and spectral analyses. Triepoxy acids of the C₁₈ series and 24 monohydroxy acids with chain lengths of C₁₄–C₁₈ have been identified, of which the 8-OH-9Z,12Z-18:2 and the 14-OH-9Z,12Z-18:2 acids have been isolated as natural compounds for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 515–518, July–August, 1993.     

12-Epinapelline and its N-oxide fromAconitum baicalense

12-Epinapelline and its N-oxide have been isoated from the epigeal part ofAconitum baicalense Turcz. ex Rapaics (A. Czekanovskyi Steinb.). The structures of these compounds have been determined with the aid of two-dimensional¹H and¹³C NMR spectroscopy, and IR and mass spectrometry.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 888–892. November–December, 1993.     

Structure of 22-deoxocucurbitacins isolated fromBryonia alba andEcbalium elaterium

22-Deoxocucurbitacin D (II), dihydrocucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin L, and the previously unknown rhamnoglucosyl-22-deoxo-16,23-epoxycucurbitosides A (III) and B (IV) have been isolated from the roots ofBryonia alba and identified. Glucoside (III) has also been identified in the fruit ofEcbalium elaterium L.A. L. Mndzhoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR, Erevan, Translated from Khimiya Prirodnyk Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 679–687, September–October, 1985.     

Influence of cycloartanes from plants of the genusAstragalus and their synthetic analogs on the contractive function of the myocardium and the activity of Na,K-ATPase

An evaluation has been mde of the cardiotonic activities of cycloartane methylsteroids isolated from plants of the genusAstragalus and their synthetic analogs. It has been established that the compounds investigated exhibit a positive inotropic effect expressed to different degrees. The mechanism of the realization of the positive inotropic action of cycloartane glycosides differs from that of cardiosteroid drugs.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 510–514, July–August, 1994.     

Composition of the phospholipids of seeds ofDipthychocarpus strictus

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the total phospholipids of the seeds ofDipthychocarpus have been determined. The fatty-acid compositions and position specificities of the distribution of the fatty acids in the main phospholipids ofDipthychocarpus seeds have been determined and, on this basis, their possible molecular composition has been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–439, July–August, 1976.     

Alkaloids ofThalictrum isopyroides

Summary 6,7-Dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-1-one and the new aporphine base 9-hydroxy-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxyaporphine, which has been called thalisopynine, have been isolated fromThalictrum for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnyk Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 472–474, July–August, 1978.     

The structure of the main saponin fromClematis songarica

Summary The structure of the main saponin fromClematis songarica Bge. has been established; it is an octaoside of hederagenin.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. M. V. Frunze Simferopol' State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 470–474, July–August, 1975.     

Composition of the seed oils ofOriganum tyttanthum andMentha asiatica

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds ofOriganum tyttanthum andMentha asiatica (family Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride and fatty-acid compositions of the two oils have been determined. From the oil ofM. asiatica have been isolated the new acid 9-hydroxyoctadeca-12-cis,15-cis-dienoic acid and a mixture of six unsaturated oxo acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 149–155, March–April, 1976.