双缩二氨基硫脲类化合物的合成与结构

合成了1，5-二（4-甲氧基苯甲醛）双缩二氨基硫脲（1），1，5-二（对二甲 基氨基苯甲醛）双缩二氨基硫脲（2），1，5-二（2-呋喃甲醛）双缩二氨基硫脲（ 3）三个化合物，并通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振、质谱进行了结构表征。 首次报道了双缩二氨基硫脲类化合物的^13C NMR数据，并发现在溶液中由于构象异 构体或二聚体的存在，该类化合物的部分^13C NMR谱峰出现矮而宽、不易检测的特 征。配体1形成的晶体为单斜晶系，具有P21/c空间群，a=1.4363(3)nm，b=1.2622 (2)nm，c=1.0970(2)nm，β=101.730（10）°，V=1.9472（6）nm^3，Z=4，Dc=1. 318g/cm^3，μ=0.193mm^-1，F(000)=816，R1=0.0560，ωR2=0.1496。由于分子间 弱氢键力的作用，在晶体中以二聚体的形式存在。     

对苯二甲酰双环戊烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物的合成与晶体结构

通过对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与有机锡的反应，合成了 一系列的对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物，并用IR，~1H NMR和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明，环戊二烯上的拉电子取代基极大地减 弱金属负离子的亲核性，对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与 R_2SnCl_2(R = Ph, Me, Et)反应时，仅有一个氯原子被金属负离子所取代。用X射 线单晶衍射测定了化合物{p-[(Ph_3Sn)(CO)_3MoC_5H_4-C(O)]_2C_6H_4}的晶体结 构。该晶体为单斜晶系，空间群为C2/c，晶胞参数为：a = 3.4209(10) nm, b = 1.1329(3) nm, c = 1.4214(4) nm, β = 104.466(5) °, V = 5.334(3) nm~3, Z = 4, R = 0.033。两个SnMo结构单元处于桥连苯基的反位。     

Er3+:KLa(WO4)2晶体的生长与光谱性质

采用提拉法生长出尺寸为φ25mm×40mm的透明Er^3＋：KLa（WO4）2（简称Er：KLW）晶体，并确定了较佳的生长工艺。X射线粉末衍射分析结果表明该晶体为四方晶系白钨矿结构（I41／a空间群），晶格常数为a=b=0．5444（3）nm，c=1．2120（6）nm。测量了Er：KLW晶体的拉曼谱，发现了380，450和808cm^-1等钨酸根的特征振动峰。测量了晶体的吸收光谱，应用J-O理论计算了晶体中Er^3＋离子的强度参量（Ω2，Ω4，Ω6）；荧光光谱测量结果表明该晶体在1529nm附近有很强的荧光发射峰，利于产生受激辐射。     

对苯二甲酰双环戊烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物的合成与晶体结构

通过对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与有机锡的反应,合成了 一系列的对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物,并用IR,~1H NMR和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明,环戊二烯上的拉电子取代基极大地减 弱金属负离子的亲核性,对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与 R_2SnCl_2(R = Ph, Me, Et)反应时,仅有一个氯原子被金属负离子所取代。用X射 线单晶衍射测定了化合物{p-[(Ph_3Sn)(CO)_3MoC_5H_4-C(O)]_2C_6H_4}的晶体结 构。该晶体为单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶胞参数为：a = 3.4209(10) nm, b = 1.1329(3) nm, c = 1.4214(4) nm, β = 104.466(5) °, V = 5.334(3) nm~3, Z = 4, R = 0.033。两个SnMo结构单元处于桥连苯基的反位。     

Yb~(3+)∶KY(WO_4)_2晶体生长与光谱性能

采用泡生法生长Yb∶KYW晶体,通过XRD分析确认所生长的晶体为-βYb∶KYW。TG-DTA测量结果表明,晶体的熔点为1045℃,相变温度为1010℃。测得晶体红外光谱和拉曼光谱,对其峰值所属振动的归属进行了指认,并测量了晶体的吸收光谱和荧光光谱。结果表明,Yb∶KYW晶体在940,980 nm附近有很强的吸收峰,主峰980 nm处的吸收截面积为1.34×10-19cm2;该晶体在990,1010,1030 nm附近都有较强的荧光发射峰,其中最强发射峰1030 nm的发射线宽高达16 nm,有望作为可调谐激光器的增益介质。计算得其1030 nm受激发射截面积为3.1×10-20cm2。     

水热合成CdS纳米晶体的形貌控制研究

研究了水热合成CdS纳米晶体形貌的化学控制，选择不同的络合试剂为模板,研究其对水热合成CdS纳米晶体形貌的影响.实验发现若以络合试剂乙二胺、甲胺为模板时，产品CdS晶体的形貌分别为（20～30） nm×（200～600） nm和（40～50） nm×（200～600） nm尺寸的纳米棒;而以络合试剂吡啶、 氨为模板时，产品CdS晶体的形貌分别为平均尺寸约30 nm和20 nm的纳米颗粒.用XRD、TEM、XPS、PL和Raman光谱等技术对所得CdS纳米棒进行了表征.同时对水热合成CdS纳米晶体形貌的模板控制机制进行了探讨，提出了一种水热合成CdS纳米棒的络合物结构诱导生长机理.     

Yb3+:KY(WO4)2晶体生长与光谱性能

采用泡生法生长YbKYW晶体, 通过XRD分析确认所生长的晶体为β-YbKYW. TG-DTA测量结果表明, 晶体的熔点为1045 ℃, 相变温度为1010 ℃. 测得晶体红外光谱和拉曼光谱, 对其峰值所属振动的归属进行了指认, 并测量了晶体的吸收光谱和荧光光谱. 结果表明, YbKYW晶体在940, 980 nm附近有很强的吸收峰, 主峰980 nm处的吸收截面积为1.34×10-19 cm2;该晶体在990, 1010, 1030 nm附近都有较强的荧光发射峰, 其中最强发射峰1030 nm的发射线宽高达16 nm, 有望作为可调谐激光器的增益介质. 计算得其1030 nm受激发射截面积为3.1×10-20 cm2.     

金属硫氰酸根配合物FeHg(SCN)~4, MnHg(SCN)~4的合成、晶体结 构与非线性光 学性质的研究

合成了配合物晶体FeHg(SCN)~4和MnHg(SCN)~4。用单晶X射线衍射方法测定了这两个晶体的结构。以尿素为标准样品用粉末晶体倍频1064nm的Nd:YAG激光,测得其倍频光强度分别为:FeHg(SCN)~4,0.6倍于尿素;MnHg(SCN)~4,50倍于尿素,后者显示了作为新的非线性光学材料的发展前景。     

[ReO(MPMEP)(BMPBA)][ReO(MPMEP)(BMPBA)]的合成和结构

合成了未见文献报道的[ReO(MPMEP)(BMPBA)][ReO(MPMEP)(BMPBA)]配合物,其 中MPMEP = 1-（2-甲氧基苯基）-4-（2-巯基乙基）哌嗪,BMPBA = N,N-二（2-巯 基乙基）苄胺,并在适当的溶剂中培养出单晶,用X射线单晶衍射法测定了单晶结 构,晶体属三斜晶系,空间群P1,晶胞参数a = 0.93604(19) nm,b = 1.1044(2) nm,c = 1.3823(3) nm;α = 89.19(3)°,β = 74.50(3)°,γ = 75.04(3)° ;Z = 1,V = 1.3281(5) nm~3,μ = 4.836 mm~(-1),F(000) = 677,R = 0. 0403,wR = 0.0673。配合物的两个[ReO(MPMEP)(BMPBA)]部分均采取扭曲的三角双 锥几何结构,基底面由三齿配体的两个硫原子与氧原子构成,三齿配体的一个氮原 子和单齿配体的一个硫原子分别占取两个顶角位置,硫原子的离子化致使配合物呈 电中性。     

二噻吩衍生物的合成及其线性、非线性光谱性质

合成了一系列二噻吩衍生物类有机合物：5，5'-二（对－N，N－二甲胺基苯乙 烯基）－2，2'－二噻吩（BMSBT）与5，5'－二（对－N，N－二乙胺基苯乙烯基）- 2,2'-二噻吩（BESBT），5,5'-二（对N－环丁胺基苯乙烯基）－2,2'－二噻吩（ BBSBT），5,5－二（对－N－咔唑基苯乙烯基）2-2'－二噻吩（BCSBT），并测定了 其吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱。BMSBT，BESBT和BBSBT的单光子 荧光参数存在的很强的、规则的溶剂效应，表明其激发态的分子可能有较大的极性 。在800nm fs激光下测得BMSBT与BESBT在560nm附近（与单光子荧光发射峰波长接 近的位置）有较强的上转换荧光发射，上转换荧光强度与激发能量之间较好的平方 关系表明了双光子激发的机理，这种上转换荧光被称为双光子荧光。用以光子荧光 法测得BMSBT和BESBT的双光子吸收截面分别为54*10~(-50)(cm~4·s)/photon和 102*10~(-50)(cm~4·s)/photon。     

The Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Octupolar Compound： 2, 4, 6－Tristyryl－s－triazine

The crystal of 2, 4, 6-tristyryl-s-triazine (TSTA) has been prepared and its crystal structure been determined to be in the polar non-centrosymmetric space group Cmc21. The molecular structure of TSTA is characterized by the slightly curved planar configuration and the octupolar C3v molecular symmetry. As exoected. TSTA crvstal shows a quite novel nonlinear optical (NLO) property with its powder second ha~onic generating(SHG) intensity of 1.8 times as that of urea. It also shows excellent transparency (with the peak position of 322 nm in absorption spectrum) and good thermal stability (with the melting point of 225-229℃).     

Single- and two-photon excited fluorescence in organic nonlinear optical single crystal 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole

Fluorescence of nonlinear optical organic single crystal of 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (DCNP) excited by a nonabsorbed light pulses from Q-switched Nd:YAG laser λ = 1064 nm as well as absorbed λ = 532 nm light is reported. Two mechanisms of two-photon excited fluorescence are considered: (i) direct two-photon excited fluorescence and (ii) single-photon excitation due to reabsorption of light generated in process of second harmonic generation (SHG) by the crystal due to its nonlinear optical properties. Strong anisotropy of fluorescence that has been observed is linked with uniaxial molecular alignment. Fluorescence decay profile shows two- exponential decay with lifetimes of emitting species of 3.7 and 5.6 ns at 293 K. The excitation and fluorescence spectra of the DCNP single crystal have been measured at 294 K and in function of temperature down to 77.4 K. The strong bathochromic shift of fluorescence spectrum in crystal with respect to fluorescence of DCNP molecule in solution is observed and interpreted with possible formation of molecular aggregates.     

Second harmonic generation in ferroelectric liquid crystals and their mixtures

The second harmonic generation (SHG) in the ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) state has been studied as functions of electric field strength, rotating angle, temperature and molecular structure. It has been confirmed that a sharp angularly phase-matching curve of the SHG controlled by an electric field is observed even in the liquid crystal. The temperature dependences of the phase-matched SHG and Maker fringe in the ferroelectric phase have also been studied, and temperature dependences of non-linear optical coefficients obtained. The SHG in several kinds of FLC and dye doped FLC have also been measured, and the enhancement of SHG realized by means of doping the FLC with several kinds of dye.     

Synthesis, growth, thermal, optical and mechanical properties of 2-Aminopyridinium 4-methylbenzoate Dihydrate

Organic NLO material of 2-Aminopyridinium 4-methylbenzoate Dihydrate (2A4M) was synthesized using 2-Aminopyridinium and 4-methylbenzoic acid as starting materials. Single crystals of 2A4M were grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature using water as a solvent. The grown crystal was characterized by single crystal XRD to confirm the crystal system and lattice parameters. From the optical studies the optical band gap and the refractive index of the material are found to be 2.9 eV and 1.40 at 1200 nm. Functional groups of the crystallised material were confirmed by FTIR vibrational spectrum. Thermal behaviour of the title compound was studied using thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). The initial weight loss is found up to 125°C, which corresponds to 13.2% i.e. presence of 2 mole of water in the lattice. The grown crystal was subjected to Vickers hardness test and the brittleness index, fracture toughness, yield strength were estimated. The etching studies reveal the growth pattern and dislocations present in the grown crystal. The second harmonic generation (SHG) behaviour of 2A4M was tested by Kurtz-Perry powder technique. The relative SHG efficiency of 2A4M is found to be 3.03 times that of the reference material KDP.     

Perfectly Encoding π-Conjugated Anions in the RE5(C3N3O3)(OH)12 (RE=Y,Yb, Lu) Family with Strong Second Harmonic Generation Response and Balanced Birefringence

Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, which simultaneously exhibits strong second-harmonic-generation (SHG) response and desired optical anisotropy, is a core optical material accessible to the modern optoelectronics. Accompanied by strong SHG effect in a NLO crystal, a contradictory problem of overlarge birefringence is ignored, leading to low frequency doubling efficiency and poor beam quality. Herein, a series of rare earth cyanurates RE₅(C₃N₃O₃)(OH)₁₂ (RE=Y, Yb, Lu) were successfully characterized by 3D electron diffraction technique. Based on a “three birds with one stone” strategy, they enable the simultaneous fulfillment of strong SHG responses (2.5–4.2× KH₂PO₄), short UV cutoff (ca. 220 nm) and applicable birefringence (ca. 0.15 at 800 nm) by the introduction of rare earth coordination control of π-conjugated (C₃N₃O₃)³⁻ anions. These findings provide high-performance short-wavelength NLO materials and highlight the exploration of cyanurates as a new research area.     

Perfectly Encoding π-Conjugated Anions in the RE5(C3N3O3)(OH)12 (RE=Y,Yb, Lu) Family with Strong Second Harmonic Generation Response and Balanced Birefringence

Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, which simultaneously exhibits strong second-harmonic-generation (SHG) response and desired optical anisotropy, is a core optical material accessible to the modern optoelectronics. Accompanied by strong SHG effect in a NLO crystal, a contradictory problem of overlarge birefringence is ignored, leading to low frequency doubling efficiency and poor beam quality. Herein, a series of rare earth cyanurates RE₅(C₃N₃O₃)(OH)₁₂ (RE=Y, Yb, Lu) were successfully characterized by 3D electron diffraction technique. Based on a “three birds with one stone” strategy, they enable the simultaneous fulfillment of strong SHG responses (2.5–4.2× KH₂PO₄), short UV cutoff (ca. 220 nm) and applicable birefringence (ca. 0.15 at 800 nm) by the introduction of rare earth coordination control of π-conjugated (C₃N₃O₃)³⁻ anions. These findings provide high-performance short-wavelength NLO materials and highlight the exploration of cyanurates as a new research area.     

Second harmonic generation in ferroelectric liquid crystals and their mixtures

Abstract

The second harmonic generation (SHG) in the ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) state has been studied as functions of electric field strength, rotating angle, temperature and molecular structure. It has been confirmed that a sharp angularly phase-matching curve of the SHG controlled by an electric field is observed even in the liquid crystal. The temperature dependences of the phase-matched SHG and Maker fringe in the ferroelectric phase have also been studied, and temperature dependences of non-linear optical coefficients obtained. The SHG in several kinds of FLC and dye doped FLC have also been measured, and the enhancement of SHG realized by means of doping the FLC with several kinds of dye.     

磷脂酰胆碱LB单分子膜诱导下KDP晶体取向生长的研究

有机超薄膜诱导晶体生长是在化学、物理与生物多门学科相互交融的基础上发展起来的新兴学科 ,并逐渐成为仿生合成的重要分支 [1] .目前的研究重点主要集中于以有机化合物 LB膜作为模板剂诱导生物矿化材料上 [2～ 5] .磷脂 LB膜是生物膜的简化模型体系 [6 ] ,用它作模板剂将使该领域的研究进一步接近生物体系 .对晶体而言 ,修饰晶体材料的特征对于改善和测定材料的光学性能至关重要 [2 ] ,但目前有关上述领域的研究几乎均是空白 .KH2 PO4 ( KDP)晶体是性能优良的非线性光学材料 [7] ,本文首次以磷脂分子 LB膜作为模板剂诱导 KDP的晶化…     

Giant Mid-Infrared Second-Harmonic Generation Response in a Densely-Stacked Van Der Waals Transition-Metal Oxychloride

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a fundamental optical property of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals. Thus far, it has proved difficult to engineer large SHG responses, particularly in the mid-infrared region, owing to the difficulty in simultaneously controlling the arrangement and density of functional NLO-active units. Herein, a new assembly strategy employing functional modules only, and aimed at maximizing the density and optimizing the spatial arrangement of highly efficient functional modules, has been applied to the preparation of NLO crystals, affording the van der Waals crystal MoO₂Cl₂. This exhibits the strongest powder SHG response (2.1×KTiOPO₄ (KTP) @ 2100 nm) for a transition-metal oxyhalide, a wide optical transparency window, and a sufficient birefringence. MoO₂Cl₂ is the first SHG-active transition-metal oxyhalide effective in the infrared region. Theoretical studies and crystal structure analysis suggest that the densely packed, optimally-aligned [MoO₄Cl₂] modules within the two-dimensional van der Waals layers are responsible for the giant SHG response.     

Crystal growth, thermal and optical studies on a semiorganic nonlinear optical material for blue-green laser generation

The semiorganic nonlinear optical material l-histidine bromide (l-HB) has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by FT-IR, FT-Raman and FT-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The single crystals with dimensions 9mm x 4mm x 3mm were grown by slow evaporation techniques. The grown crystals were subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction to determine the unit cell dimensions. The thermal stability of the grown crystal was analyzed by thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal (DT) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analyses. The UV-vis transmittance spectrum shows that it has a good optical transmittance in the entire visible region with the lower cutoff wavelength at 220 nm. The SHG conversion efficiency and laser damage threshold were measured using a Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). The optical birefringence was measured in the visible region as a function of temperature in the range 30-150 degrees C by interference technique.