呋喃甲酰基吡唑啉酮缩邻苯二胺铀(Ⅵ)钍(Ⅳ)配合物的合成、表征及生物活性

分别合成了U(Ⅵ)和Th(Ⅳ)与双席夫碱N，N’-双[(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氧-4吡唑啉基α-呋喃次甲基]邻苯二亚胺(HPMα FP)2pen形成的新配合物．通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、核磁共振谱及摩尔电导等方法测试，确定其组成为：[UO2(PMαFP)2pen]和[Th(PMαFP)2pen(NO3)2]．对新配合物的结构与性质进行了表征．抗菌实验表明，配合物具有一定的生物活性．     

H2BPMOPP和PMBP协同萃取Ln3+的研究

4-酰代双吡唑啉酮对金属离子具有很强的萃取能力。本文在合成萃取剂1，2-双(1′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基)邻苯二酮(H2BPMOPP-H2A)的基础上，     

微波辐射下2-[4-二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰腙化合物的合成

微波辐射条件下, 以丙酮作溶剂, 1-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪与氯乙酸乙酯反应得到2-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酸乙酯(1), 1与水合肼在微波辐射条件下反应得到2-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰肼(2), 进一步在微波辐射条件下由2-[二- (4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰肼(2)与取代芳香醛反应制得目标化合物3a～3f. 合成的6个目标化合物通过熔点测定和质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱分析、元素分析对其结构进行确证.     

1，2-二[3-（6，8-二叔丁基-3，4-二氢-1，3-苯并噁嗪）基]乙烷的合成及晶体结构

N-取代的3，4-二氢-1，3-苯并噁嗪具有生物活性，是潜在的安定剂和镇静剂，还是制备酚醛树脂的潜在中间体。一般以酚、伯胺和甲醛为原料，通过Mannish缩合反应来制备。本文通过2，4-二叔丁基苯酚、乙二胺和甲醛反应，合成了亚乙基桥联的双噁嗪，X-射线单晶衍射测定了它的晶体结构。     

1,3,5-三[(4’-乙炔基苯基)乙炔基]苯的合成

设计了多种合成路线制备芳香炔基树枝状化合物中间体1,3,5-三[(4’-乙炔基苯基)乙炔基]苯,通过一系列的合成路线和反应条件的对比,发现多官能团的端基炔化合物与芳基溴化合物之间发生多重Sonogashira反应时,常会生成不同取代程度的极性相似化合物,因而难以分离.采用多官能团的端基炔化合物与芳基碘化合物反应可以避免这种情况.最终确定以1,3,5-三溴苯和2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇为原料,制得中间产物1,3,5-三乙炔基苯;再以对碘苯胺和三甲基硅乙炔为原料,经重氮化化、卤代反应制得4-三甲基硅乙炔基碘苯;后者与1,3,5-三乙炔苯经Sonogashira反应、裂解去保护反应,制得化合物1,3,5-三[(4’-乙炔基苯基)乙炔基]苯.用1H NMR,13C NMR,元素分析等表征手段确认了中间体及最终产物的结构.     

一种新型罗丹明B硫酰肼衍生物荧光探针的合成及对汞(Ⅱ)的检测应用

设计合成了一种可逆的Hg2+荧光增强型分子探针3’,6’-双(二乙氨基)-2-((4-氟基苯亚甲基)氨基)螺[异吲哚-1,9’-氧杂蒽]-3-硫酮,利用红外光谱、元素分析、核磁等方法对探针结构进行了表征。探针溶液本身荧光很弱,与Hg2+结合后荧光显著增强,由此建立了Hg2+测定的新方法。检测的适宜条件为:反应体系pH 4.5,反应时间25 min。本方法具有易于操作、灵敏度高、选择性好、线性范围宽和线性关系良好等优点,Hg2+浓度在0.001～0.20 mg/L范围内线性相关系数为0.9997,检出限为3.88×10"4mg/L。本方法对河水及土壤样品进行Hg2+加标回收实验,标准回收率分别为102.22%和94.24%。本方法对水质-汞环境标准样品(编号:GSBZ 50016-90,批号:202030)的测定结果为6.16μg/L,与标准值基本吻合。     

Sitaxsentan钠盐的合成

用4-甲基-邻苯二酚(1)与二氯甲烷(2)反应生成5-甲基-苯骈[d][1,3]二氧杂戊烯(3),氯甲基化生成5-氯甲基-6-甲基-苯骈[d][1,3]二氧杂戊烯(5),与镁(6)制得格氏试剂(7);N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-[(4-氯-3-甲基-5-异恶唑基)-磺酰胺基]-2-噻吩甲酰胺(Weinreb酰胺)(8)与格氏试剂(7)反应得到Sitaxsentan(9),收率为52.6%,经饱和碳酸氢钠溶液处理得Sitaxsentan钠盐(10),收率为54.2%,产物经核磁共振分析证明,结构正确。实验表明,合成化合物3时,合适的反应温度为100℃,四丁基氯化铵作催化剂促进反应完全进行;合成化合物5时,用四丁基氯化铵代替四丁基溴化铵做催化剂,避免了副产物的生成;合成化合物9和化合物10时,改变原料摩尔比及反应顺序有效地缩短了反应时间,降低了生产成本。     

对苯二甲醛或间苯二甲醛与5，5-二甲基-1，3-环己二酮的反应：含有双4（日）-吡喃、1，4-二氢吡啶结构单元的杂环化合物的合成

用对苯二甲醛或间苯二甲醛与5，5-二甲基-1，3-环己二酮反应，在不同条件下得到了含有双4(H）-吡喃、1，4_二氢吡啶结构单元的双一氧杂蒽衍生物、双-吖啶衍生物、以及双-AL羟基吖啶衍生物．     

化学发光物质9-[2',6'-二甲基-4'-(琥珀酰亚胺氧羰基)苯氧羰基]-10-甲基吖啶-单甲基-磺酸盐的合成

报道了一种化学发光物质吖啶酯衍生物9-[2',6'-二甲基-4'-(琥珀酰亚胺氧羰基)苯氧羰基]-10-甲基吖啶-单甲基-磺酸盐(DMAE·NHS)的合成,合成共经历7个步骤,每步合成的产物经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析表征,结果表明合成产物为所期望的化合物.该合成产物显示为一种非常理想的化学发光物质.     

基于氨基偶氮苯的光和pH响应聚[（三甲基丙烯酸乙酯胺）8-（4-氨基-4’-甲基丙烯酰胺基偶氮苯）1]（T8A1）的合成与表征

以对硝基苯胺为原料,经过偶联、还原和酰化反应,合成了4-氨基-4’-甲基丙烯酰胺基偶氮苯(AMAB);将三乙醇胺和甲基丙烯酰氯反应制得水溶性的十字交联剂三甲基丙烯酸乙酯胺(TMAEA);将AMAB和TMAEA进行自由基沉淀聚合反应,制得基于氨基偶氮苯的新型纳米级聚合物——聚[(三甲基丙烯酸乙酯胺)8-(4-氨基-4’-甲基丙烯酰胺基偶氮苯)1](T8A1),并用紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、红外光谱(IR)、热失重(TG)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对T8A1进行了表征.结果表明,T8A1在水中具有光和pH双重响应性能,弥补了传统的偶氮苯类材料仅能在有机溶剂中具有响应的缺陷,具有广阔的仿生应用前景.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。