离子液体1-烷基-3-羧甲基苯并咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐的合成及在油品中的脱硫应用

合成并表征了一类新型离子液体1-烷基-3-羧甲基苯并咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,将其与双氧水组合用于脱除模型油中的硫化物.结果表明,当模型油与萃取/催化剂1-辛基-3-羧甲基苯并咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐([C_2O_2OBIM][Tf2N])的质量比为5∶1,H_2O_2/S摩尔比为5∶1,于75℃反应1 h后,模型油中二苯并噻吩(DBT)脱硫率为98.8%;脱硫过程符合一级动力学方程,5种硫化物的脱硫速率大小顺序为二苯并噻吩(DBT)4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)苯并噻吩(BT)2,5-二甲基噻吩(2,5-DMT)噻吩(T),其中脱除DBT和BT的反应表观活化能分别为44.16和52.10 k J/mol.该离子液体循环再生使用14次,脱硫率无明显下降.该深度脱硫方法具有操作简便及条件温和的特点.     

二次合成Y型杂原子分子筛的吸附脱硫研究

采用液-固相同晶取代反应制备骨架含Ga的Y型分子筛(AlY),研究其吸附脱除硫质量分数为500×10^-6模拟燃料中的硫化物。AlY处理含噻吩、四氢噻吩(THT)、4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)、二苯并噻吩(DBT)、苯并噻吩(BT)和4-甲基二苯并噻吩(4-MDBT)的模拟燃料时的吸附容量分别为7.0、17.4、14.5、16.9、6.9 和5.8mg(S)/g吸附剂。采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似方法(GGA)计算各分子中硫原子上的电荷数,噻吩、四氢噻吩、4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)、二苯并噻吩(DBT)、苯并噻吩(BT)和4-甲基二苯并噻吩(4-MDBT)中硫原子上电荷数分别为-0.159、-0.298、-0.214、-0.211、-0.193、-0.188。四氢噻吩和4,6-DMDBT中硫原子上的电子密度大于噻吩中硫原子上的电子密度,这就使得四氢噻吩和4,6-DMDBT中的硫原子与吸附位间的作用会明显大于噻吩中的硫原子与吸附位间的作用。采用AlY处理催化裂化汽油时的脱硫率可达68%。     

一步法制备含W介孔碳材料及其氧化脱硫性能研究

以钨酸钠为钨源,以乙二胺四乙酸二钠为碳源经过高温煅烧制备了含W的介孔碳材料,采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、BET对含钨的介孔碳材料进行表征。结果表明,煅烧后介孔碳材料的表面形成了粒状含有结晶水的氧化钨(WO_3·H_2O)。相比于纯的介孔碳材料,含钨介孔碳材料的总比表面积减小。以含W介孔碳材料为催化剂,H_2O_2作为氧化剂,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氟硼酸盐([BMIM][BF_4])离子液体作为萃取剂,组成萃取-催化氧化脱硫体系(ECODS)并研究其对模拟油中二苯并噻吩脱除效果。考察了氧化钨负载量、反应温度、H_2O_2加入量、催化剂用量、离子液体用量以及不同类型硫化物对二苯并噻吩脱除的影响。在最佳反应条件下,催化剂对二苯并噻吩(DBT)、4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)、苯并噻吩(BT)、噻吩(TH)和真实汽油的脱除率分别达到98.6%、65.6%、61.2%、57.8%和64.3%。催化剂回收利用五次之后脱硫率略有降低,仍高达95.2%。     

二苯并噻吩类硫化物在非负载型NiMoW催化剂上加氢脱硫反应机理

研究了二苯并噻吩(DBT)、4-甲基二苯并噻吩(4-MDBT)和4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)在非负载型NiMoW催化剂上的加氢脱硫反应产物分布及反应机理,给出了它们在非负载型催化剂上加氢脱硫反应网络.研究发现,由于甲基的空间位阻效应,二苯并噻吩类化合物加氢脱硫转化率顺序为4,6-DMDBT≈4-MDBT＜DBT,而非负载型NiMoW催化剂具有很高的芳环加氢活性,有利于烷基取代的芳环加氢,减弱空间位阻效应,使烷基取代的二苯并噻吩类化合物得到有效脱除.DBT的脱硫产物会被进一步加氢,其产物分布与联苯加氢产物相似.4-MDBT有两种预加氢脱硫反应路径,甲基取代的苯环由于甲基的供电子效应会被优先加氢.非负载型催化剂存在的L酸中心会使部分4-MDBT和4,6-DMDBT通过脱甲基反应生成DBT再进行脱硫反应.     

Cu(I),Ag(I)/分子筛化学吸附脱硫的π-络合机理

应用DFT研究了一系列含硫的杂环化合物(噻吩、苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩和4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩)以及苯分子在Cu(I)-Y、Ag(I)-Y分子筛上的化学吸附.计算采用16T分子筛簇模型(H22Si15AlO22),对过渡金属采用了赝势基组,在BLYP/DNP水平上完成.相互作用能的结果表明,阳离子交换的分子筛对含硫杂环芳香族化合物吸附能力的顺序为Cu(I)-Y>Ag(I)-Y.两种吸附剂对噻吩类分子的吸附能力大于苯分子.噻吩衍生物的吸附能顺序依次为,4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩<二苯并噻吩<噻吩<苯并噻吩,与实验结果相近.通过自然键轨道计算,研究了分子筛上担载的Cu(I)、Ag(I)金属离子与噻吩和苯分子之间的π-络合作用,分析比较了自然键电子给体-受体之间的二阶微扰稳定化能,并探索其络合机理.     

羧基功能化苯并三氮唑类离子液体的合成及在萃取-氧化脱硫中的应用

合成了新型离子液体(ILs)1-烷基-3-羧甲基苯并三氮唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,并对其进行了表征.将其与双氧水组成催化氧化体系,考察了脱除模型油品中硫化物的效果.结果表明,以离子液体1-5基-3-羧甲基苯并三氮唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐[C2O2BBTA][NTf2]为萃取/催化剂,设定n(H2O2)∶n(S)=2.5∶1,m(模型油)∶m(离子液体)=5∶1,在75℃下反应1 h后,模型油中二苯并噻吩(DBT)、苯并噻吩(BT)和4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)的脱硫率分别为98.3%,98.3%和96.6%.所合成离子液体重复使用10次,脱硫率无明显变化.该方法操作简单、反应条件温和,可以实现深度脱硫.     

基于末端炔烃一锅法合成取代噻吩和呋喃化合物

噻吩和呋喃衍生物是许多天然产物、药物和发光材料的核心骨架,因此发展一种从简单易得的原料高效合成呋喃和噻吩衍生物的方法具有非常重要的应用价值.该研究实现了一锅法高产率合成2,5-二取代呋喃、2,5-二取代噻吩、苯并呋喃和苯并噻吩化合物.首先通过铜催化末端炔烃Glaser偶联反应合成1,4-二取代丁二炔化合物,接着硫化钠(氢氧化钾)参与水解和环化反应得到2,5-二取代噻吩和呋喃化合物.该合成策略同样适用于合成苯并呋喃和苯并噻吩化合物,通过末端炔与邻氟碘苯的Sonogashira偶联反应,然后硫化钠(或氢氧化钾)参与碳氟键的水解和环化反应得到相应的苯并噻吩和苯并呋喃化合物.该合成方法具有反应条件温和、操作简便和高产率等优点,可为该类呋喃和噻吩的合成提供简便的途径.     

NiY分子筛选择性吸附脱硫性能及作用机理

用液相离子交换法制备了NiY分子筛,并用XRD、TEM、ICP、N2吸附和吡啶吸附原位红外技术等表征手段对其进行了表征. 利用固定床、气相色谱-硫发光检测器（GC-SCD）及傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）等方法系统研究了NiY分子筛对噻吩、2-甲基噻吩、3-甲基噻吩、四氢噻吩、苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、4-甲基二苯并噻吩、4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩8种有机硫化物的选择性吸附脱硫性能和吸附机理. 结果表明,NiY分子筛对硫化物的穿透吸附硫容量顺序为四氢噻吩﹥苯并噻吩≈二苯并噻吩≈4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩﹥4-甲基二苯并噻吩﹥2-甲基噻吩≈3-甲基噻吩﹥噻吩,说明有机硫化物的空间位阻效应不是其在NiY分子筛上吸附的决定因素. 红外结果表明,不同硫化物与NiY分子筛的作用机理并不相同,但主要以硫原子与金属离子配位作用（S-M作用）为主. 噻吩及其烷基取代物在NiY吸附剂上表面酸性作用下发生催化反应,噻吩环的共轭体系遭到破坏形成硫化物大分子或聚合物,导致分子筛孔道的堵塞,严重影响吸附剂的吸附脱硫能力. NiY的选择性吸附脱硫性能是硫化物与吸附中心的作用模式及吸附剂表面酸性综合作用的结果.     

2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物的合成与生物活性

2-嘧啶氧基-N-芳基苄胺类化合物结构经过两次骨架结构优化后得到2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物二次先导结构.在二次先导结构基础上,共设计并合成了36个化合物,所有化合物结构经1H NMR、13C NMR、HRMS确认,并进行了室内杀菌活性筛选,对各部位取代基进行了逐次优化.结果表明2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物中R1取代基以2位卤素或烷基取代的苯环或杂环活性最好;中间苯环6位引入氟原子活性保持;嘧啶环4,6位甲氧基取代活性较好,5位甲基取代活性大大降低;羰基被还原为羟基后活性消失.其中2,3-二氯-N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)苯氧基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺(4AHl)、2,5-二氯-N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)苯氧基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺(4AHn)及N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N,2-二甲基苯甲酰胺(4AFd)对黄瓜白粉病的杀菌活性与对照样苯菌酮相当.     

MoO3/介孔Al2O3催化氧化脱除模拟油中的硫

以环己烷为溶剂,二苯并噻吩（DBT）、苯并噻吩（BT）、4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩（4,6-DMDBT）、噻吩（Th）作为模型含硫化合物配制成模拟油,在MoO3/介孔Al2O3-H2O2体系中对模拟油催化氧化脱硫进行了研究. 考察了MoO3负载量、氧化剂用量、催化剂用量、氧化反应温度及反应时间对DBT脱除效果的影响. 实验结果表明：在MoO3负载量为20%,催化剂用量为1.5%,氧化剂H2O2与模拟油中硫的摩尔比为4,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为40分钟时DBT脱除率最高,达99.4%,几乎可以被完全脱除;在此条件下模型化合物的氧化反应活性顺序为：DBT > 4,6-DMDBT >BT>Th.     

Dawson结构杂多酸盐催化合成碳酸丙烯酯

碳酸丙烯酯(PC)是一种性能优良的高沸点、高极性的有机溶剂,在有机合成、化妆品、电池电解质和脱碳溶剂等领域中具有重要应用.     

Theoretical evaluation of error in the isotopic analysis of carbon and oxygen as CO (2)(+): considerations for determining two different isotopic abundance ratios simultaneously

The computations involved in the CO(2)(+) ion beam method of determining simultaneously a pair of constituent elemental isotopic abundance ratios P and Q (viz. (13)C/(12)C and (17)O/(16)O, or (13)C/(12)C and (18)O/(16)O, or (17)O/(16)O and (18)O/(16)O) are worked out, and the possible implications of their involvement as an analytical step are evaluated theoretically. It is shown, as an immediate consequence, that accurate measurements of the required isotopic CO(2)(+) abundance ratios (R(j) and R(k)) do not necessarily mean that the results (P; Q) are equally accurate. It is demonstrated that, and also explained why, the results can be far more inaccurate, or even in some cases more accurate, than the (R(j);R(k)) values themselves. It is clarified how the errors of analysis (delta(P) and delta(Q)) are actually governed, and elaborated further by evaluating their variations as a function of different possible parameters which control their magnitudes. The investigations thus help to predict the required analytical conditions for accurate isotopic analysis of carbon and/or oxygen samples of any origin as CO(2)(+). The considerations for the case of natural samples predict that, while it should be generally possible to simultaneously determine the isotopic abundance ratios of (13)C/(12)C and (18)O/(16)O with an accuracy better than the measurements themselves, the determination of either the ((13)C/(12)C and (17)O/(16)O) ratios or the ((17)O/(16)O and (18)O/(16)O) ratios, with an accuracy as good as that of the measurements, would be extremely difficult and may, in practice, be impossible.     

5-Pyrimidylboronic acid and 2-methoxy-5-pyrimidylboronic acid: new heteroarylpyrimidine derivatives via Suzuki cross-coupling reactions

5-Pyrimidylboronic acid and 2-methoxy-5-pyrimidylboronic acid 4 have been synthesised by lithium-halogen exchange reactions on 5-bromopyrimidine and 2-methoxy-5-bromopyrimidine, respectively, followed by reaction with triisopropylborate. Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of 2 and 4 with heteroaryl halides [Na(2)CO(3), Pd(PPh(3))(2)Cl(2), 1,4-dioxane, 95 degrees C] yield heteroarylpyrimidines (heteroaryl = thienyl, quinolyl and pyrimidyl). Two-fold reaction of 2 with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine 12 gave 4,6-bis(5-pyrimidyl)pyrimidine 8(56% yield). Reaction of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine with 2-methoxy-5-pyridylboronic acid gave 4,6-bis(2-methoxy-5-pyridyl)pyrimidine 14 (84% yield). Conversion of into 4,6-bis(2-chloro-5-pyridyl)pyrimidine 15 (63% yield) followed by two-fold Suzuki reaction with 4-tert-butylbenzeneboronic acid gave the penta-arylene derivative 4,6-bis[2-(4-tert-butyl)phenyl-5-pyridyl]pyrimidine 16 (16% yield). Analogous reaction of 12 with 2-methoxy-3-pyridylboronic acid 17 gave 4,6-bis(2-methoxy-3-pyridyl)pyrimidine 18 (64% yield). The X-ray crystal structures of compound 2.0.5H(2)O and compound 18 are reported. The two hydroxyl H atoms in 2 have the usual exo-endo orientation. However, unlike most arylboronic acids, molecule 2 does not form a centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimer. In molecule 18, the pyridine rings form dihedral angles of 39.9 degrees and 22.8 degrees with the central pyrimidine ring.     

MCM-41分子筛负载亚硒核过氧钨酸盐催化剂催化二苯并噻吩氧化脱硫

石油在作为燃料使用过程中常常产生各种污染,特别是油品中的含硫化合物不仅会降低油品品质,而且燃烧后产生的硫氧化物可污染大气,形成酸雨,危害人类健康.因此,油品深度脱硫是一项十分重要而紧迫的工作.
　　目前油品脱硫方法有很多种,主要分为加氢脱硫与非加氢脱硫.加氢脱硫反应条件苛刻,脱硫效率低,对设备要求高,因而非加氢脱硫正在被广泛研究.其中氧化脱硫反应条件温和,脱硫效率高,对设备要求不高,有望实现规模化应用.在氧化脱硫反应中,催化剂是研究重点,尤其是催化剂效率及可回收能力.本课题组合成的亚硒核过氧钨酸盐是一种具有高选择性和高催化活性的催化剂,但它在反应后无法实现回收再利用,从而限制了其广泛应用.为了提高该催化剂的可回收能力,本文尝试制备负载型亚硒核过氧钨酸盐用于氧化脱硫反应中,考察其催化效率及可回收能力.
　　分子筛具有孔结构,比表面积大且较为稳定,是理想的催化剂载体.本文采用浸渍法制备了MCM-41分子筛负载的亚硒核过氧钨酸盐,为了提高负载能力,减少催化剂溶脱,还制备了MCM-41-NH2分子筛负载的亚硒核过氧钨酸盐,并运用红外光谱、X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附和透射电镜对它们进行了表征.结果显示,亚硒核过氧钨酸盐在MCM-41和MCM-41-NH2分子筛内分散均匀,表明负载成功.将负载型亚硒核过氧钨酸盐催化剂用于模拟油样二苯并噻吩(DBT)氧化脱硫实验,并用气相-火焰光度检测仪跟踪实验.结果表明,负载型和非负载型催化剂均具有较高的催化性能.模拟油样在负载型催化剂作用下氧化脱硫反应2 h后, DBT转化率达98.7%,实现了深度脱硫.此外,还优化了反应时间、反应温度及氧化剂和催化剂用量.与其它催化剂相比,在相似脱硫效率情况下,负载型催化剂的催化效率更高,反应条件更加温和,催化剂用量更少,因而更加环保和节能.对反应产物进行了红外光谱、气相-质谱联用分析以及气相色谱保留时间对比分析,结果表明DBT脱硫反应产物为DBTO2.结合相关文献,对该催化剂上DBT氧化脱硫提出了一种可能的催化氧化反应机理.
　　反应后将负载型催化剂回收过滤,洗涤和干燥后,进行下一轮氧化脱硫反应.结果表明, MCM-41分子筛负载的亚硒核过氧钨酸盐在循环使用过程中, DBT转化率下降较快,循环使用4次后, DBT转化率降至80%,而MCM-41-NH2分子筛负载的催化剂在循环使用4次后, DBT转化率仍达90%.这表明MCM-41-NH2分子筛负载的亚硒核过氧钨酸盐催化剂具有更好的稳定性和回收使用性能.
　　综上所述,负载型亚硒核过氧钨酸盐是一种高效的氧化脱硫催化剂,在较为温和的反应条件下即可实现深度催化氧化脱硫,其循环使用性能也得到明显提高.本结果可为该催化剂未来在工业上广泛应用提供一定参考.     

Di- and tricobalt Dawson sandwich complexes: synthesis,spectroscopic characterization,and electrochemical behavior of Na(18)[(NaOH(2))(2)Co(2)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)] and Na(17)[(NaOH(2))Co(3)(H(2)O)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)

The reaction of the trivacant Dawson anion alpha-[P(2)W(15)O(56)](12-) and the divalent cations Co(2+) is known to form the tetracobalt sandwich complex [Co(4)(H(2)O)(2)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](16-) (Co(4)P(4)W(30)). Two new complexes, with different Co/P(2)W(15) stoichiometry, [(NaOH(2))(2)Co(2)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](18-) (Na(2)Co(2)P(4)W(30)) and [(NaOH(2))Co(3)(H(2)O)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](17-) (NaCo(3)P(4)W(30)), have been synthesized as aqueous-soluble sodium salts, by a slight modification of the reaction conditions. Both compounds were characterized by IR, elemental analysis, and (31)P solution NMR spectroscopy. These species are "lacunary" sandwich complexes, which add Co(2+) cations according to Na(2)Co(2)P(4)W(30) + Co(2+) --> NaCo(3)P(4)W(30) + Na(+) followed by NaCo(3)P(4)W(30) + Co(2+) --> Co(4)P(4)W(30) + Na(+). A Li(+)/Na(+) exchange in the cavity was evidenced by (31)P dynamic NMR spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviors of the sandwich complexes [(NaOH(2))Co(3)(H(2)O)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](17-) and [(NaOH(2))(2)Co(2)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](18-) were investigated in aqueous solutions and compared with that of [Co(4)(H(2)O)(2)(P(2)W(15)O(56))(2)](16-). These complexes showed an electrocatalytic effect on nitrite reduction.     

Systematic approach to the quantitative voltammetric analysis of the FeIII/FeII component of the [alpha2-Fe(OH2)P2W17O61]7-/8- reduction process in buffered and unbuffered aqueous media

The one-electron reduction of [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH(2))P(2)W(17)O(61)](7-) at a glassy carbon electrode was investigated using cyclic and rotating-disk-electrode voltammetry in buffered and unbuffered aqueous solutions over the pH range 3.45-7.50 with an ionic strength of approximately 0.6 M maintained. The behavior is well-described by a square-scheme mechanism P + e(-) <--> Q (E(1)(0/) = -0.275 V, k(1)(0/) = 0.008 cm s(-1), and alpha(1) = 1/2), PH(+) + e(-) <--> QH(+) (E(2)(0/) = -0.036 V, k(2)(0/) = 0.014 cm s(-1), and alpha(2) = 1/2), PH(+) <--> P + H(+) (K(P) = 3.02 x 10(-6) M), and QH(+) <--> Q + H(+) (K(Q) = 2.35 x 10(-10) M), where P, Q, PH(+), and QH(+) correspond to [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH)P(2)W(17)O(61)](8-), [alpha(2)-Fe(II)(OH)P(2)W(17)O(61)](9-), [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH(2))P(2)W(17)O(61)](7-), and [alpha(2)-Fe(II)(OH(2))P(2)W(17)O(61)](8-), respectively; E(1)(0)' and E(2)(0)' are the formal potentials, k(1)(0)' and k(2)(0)' are the formal (standard) rate constants, and K(P) and K(Q) are the acid dissociation constants for the relevant reactions. The analysis for the buffered media is based on the approach of Laviron who demonstrated that a square scheme with fully reversible protonations, reversible or quasi reversible electron transfers with the assumption that alpha(1) = alpha(2), can be well-described by the behavior of a simple redox couple, ox + e(-) <--> red, whose formal potential, E(app)(0)', and standard rate constant, k(app)(0)', are straightforwardly derived functions of pH, as are the values of E(1)(0)', k(1)(0)', E(2)(0)', k(2)(0)', and K(P) (only three of the four thermodynamic parameters in a square scheme can be specified). It was assumed that alpha(app) = 1/2, and the simulation program DigiSim was used to determine the values of E(app)(0)' and k(app)(0)', which are required to describe the cyclic voltammograms obtained in buffered media in the pH range from 3.45 to 7.52 (buffer-related reactions which effect general acid-base catalysis are included in the simulations). DigiSim simulations of cyclic voltammograms obtained in unbuffered media yielded the values of E(1)(0)' and k(1)(0)'; K(Q) was then directly computed from thermodynamic constraints. These simulations included additional reactions between the redox species and H(2)O. The value of the diffusion coefficient of the [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH(2))P(2)W(17)O(61)](7-), 2.92 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1), was determined using DigiSim simulations of voltammograms at a rotating disk electrode in buffered and unbuffered media at pH 3.45. The diffusion coefficients of all redox species were assumed to be identical. When the pH is greater than 6, instability of P (i.e., [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH)P(2)W(17)O(61)](8-)) led to the loss of the reactant and precluded lengthy experimentation.     

pH-dependent assembly of hybrids based on Wells-Dawson POM/Ag chemistry

Four new hybrids based on the Wells-Dawson polyoxometalate [P2W18O62](6-) (P2W18), ([Ag(bipy)]2[P2W18O62]).2[H2bipy].4H2O (1), ([Ag(bipy)]4[P2W18O62]).2[Hbipy](2), K[P2W18O62].2.5[H2bipy].2H2O (3), and [P2W18O62] 2.[H2bipy]4.[Hbipy]4 .3H2O (4), were hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by routine techniques and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1 and 2 are isolated at lower pH values. 1 represents a 3D (4,4)-net structure with NbO topology, in which the P2W18 clusters are modified by four Ag-N coordination polymeric chains, and 2 exhibits a 3D (3,4)-net structure with the (9(2).12)(8.10(4).12)(3(2).10(2).11(2))(3.6.10(2).12(2)) topology, in which Ag-bipy layers are intercalated by the dimer of P2W18 clusters in a staggering mode, and the P2W18 clusters show the highest coordination number to date. By increasing the pH value, compounds 3 and 4 are obtained as supramolecular compounds. Their structural differences reveal that the pH value of the reaction system is the key factor influencing the structure and topology of these compounds, which can be explained by the acid-base chemistry of the molecular building units and silver chemistry.     

Investigation of reactions of the organozinc reagents prepared from zinc and dialkyl dibromomalonates with the derivatives of 2-arylmethyleneindan-1,3-dione and 5-arylmethylene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione

Organozinc compounds prepared from dialkyl dibromomalonates and zinc react with 2-arylmethyl-eneindan-4,6-diones, 5-arylmethylene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones, as well as with 2-[4-(1,3-dioxoindan-2-ylidenemethyl)phenyl]methyleneindan-1,3-dione and 5-[4-(2,2-dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,3-dioxane-2-ylidenemethyl)phenyl]methylene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones to form dialkyl 3-aryl-1′3′-dioxaspiro(cyclopropane-2,2′-indan)-1,1-dicarboxylates, dimethyl 3-aryl-6,6-dimethyl-5,7-dioxa-4,8-dioxaspiro[2,5]octan-2,2-dicarboxylates, dialkyl 2-{4-[3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl)-1′,3′-dioxaspiro(cyclopropane-2,2′-indan)-1-yl]phenyl}-1′,3′-dioxaspiro[cyclopropane-2,2′-indan]-1,1-dicarboxylates, and dialkyl 2-{4-[2,2-bis(alkoxycarbonyl)-6,6′-dimethyl-4,8-dioxo-5,7-dioxaspiro[2,5]oct-1-yl]phenyl}-6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxo-5,7-dioxaspiro[2,5]octan-1,1-dicarboxylate respectively.     

Photochromic hybrid materials of cucurbituril and polyoxometalates as photocatalysts under visible light

Two isostructural organic-inorganic hybrid solid materials based on cucurbituril derivatives and polyoxometalates, {[K(2)(H(2)O)(2)Na(2)(H(2)O)(2)Na(2)(H(2)O)(6)](P(2)W(18)O(62))(Me(10)Q(5))(2)}·~7H(2)O (1) and {[Rb(2)(H(2)O)(2)Na(2)(H(2)O)Na(2)(H(2)O)(4)](P(2)W(18)O(62))(Me(10)Q(5))(2)}·~8H(2)O (2), which exhibit reversible photochromic properties as well as excellent photocatalytic activities toward the degradation of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine-B (RB) under visible light irradiation, are reported.     

不同前驱体制备的Mn-H4SiW12O40/SiO2 催化剂对二甲醚催化氧化制取甲缩醛反应性能的影响

采用浸渍法分别用硫酸锰、醋酸锰、氯化锰和硝酸锰为原料制备了Mn-H4SiW12O40/SiO2 杂多酸催化剂。在常压连续流动固定床反应器中,考察了二甲醚选择氧化制取甲缩醛的反应活性。实验结果表明,催化剂的催化活性顺序为Mn-Cl2H4SiW12O40/SiO2>Mn(NO3)2H4SiW12O40/SiO2>MnSO4H4SiW12O40/SiO2>Mn(AC)2H4SiW12O40/SiO2。并进一步考察了反应温度对不同锰盐前驱体催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,随温度的升高,硫酸锰修饰的H4SiW12O40/SiO2 催化剂催化氧化比较剧烈,在613K时二甲醚转化率高达42.4%,但此时甲缩醛选择性仅为0.9%。采用氯化锰修饰的H4SiW12O40/SiO2催化剂,二甲醚催化氧化反应较缓和,并且甲缩醛的选择性明显高于分别采用硫酸锰、醋酸锰和硝酸锰改性的催化剂,在593K反应1h时,二甲醚转化率为8.6%,甲缩醛选择性达到37.5%。H2-TPR结果显示,硫酸锰改性的催化剂高温氧化性能明显强于另外三种催化剂,氯化锰的修饰使得催化剂的低温氧化性能变强。XRD结果表明,MnCl2 H4SiW12O40/SiO2催化剂的衍射特征峰明显强于其他三种催化剂,并且发现了MnO2衍射特征峰。