Hybrid microtubes of polyoxometalate and fluorescence dye with tunable photoluminescence

Fluorescent microtubes based on α-Keggin tungstosilicate and fluorescein (SiW(12)-F) have been obtained by using a simple method, which present tunable photoluminescence from sky blue to green to red by variation of excitation light. The SiW(12) component can inhibit photobleaching of fluorescein.     

Preparation and application of l-cysteine-doped Keggin polyoxometalate microtubes

l-cysteine-doped tungstosilicate (Lcys-SiW₁₂) microtubes are prepared, and the amount of l-cysteine doped in the microtubes can be tuned to some extent. The as-prepared Lcys-SiW₁₂ microtubes are sensitive to ammonia gas exhibited through the distinct color change of the microtubes from light purple to dark blue after exposing to ammonia gas. A possible mechanism of the coloration is that the adsorbed ammonia molecules increase the basicity of the Lcys-SiW₁₂ microtubes and promote the redox reaction between l-cysteine and polyoxometalate. This is a pH-dependent solid–solid redox reaction, which is triggered by proton capture agent. The Lcys-SiW₁₂ microtubes show application in chemical sensors for alkaline gases.     

异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸用杂多酸盐催化剂

采用共沉淀法制备了用于异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸的高活性、多组分杂多酸盐催化剂．用３１Ｐ－ＭＡＳＮＭＲ，ＸＲＤ和ＩＲ等手段对所合成的杂多酸盐催化剂进行了系统的表征．结果表明，催化剂为以Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构钼磷酸盐为骨架的杂多酸盐．其中第一主族元素及Ｓｂ和Ｃｕ占据抗衡离子位置，Ｍｏ和Ｖ占据配位原子位置，Ｐ和Ａｓ占据中心原子位置．考察了催化剂对异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸的催化性能．其中含Ｃｓ的杂多酸盐使目的产物甲基丙烯酸的收率最高     

杂多酸/聚乙烯醇复合膜的制备及光催化性能研究

合成了过渡金属取代的硅钨酸盐K₆SiM(H₂O)W₁₁O₃₉(M=Co、Ni、Cu,简称为SiMW₁₁),利用硅钨酸(H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀·nH₂O,简称为SiW₁₂)与SiMW₁₁做母体,分别将它们负载于聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)上,制成一系列杂多酸/聚乙烯醇复合膜光催化剂,利用IR、SEM进行了表征.以高压汞灯为光源,分别研究了SiW₁₂/PVA、SiCoW11/PVA、SiNiW₁₁/PVA、SiCuW₁₁/PVA复合膜对有机染料甲基橙的光催化脱色,它们都具有很高的催化活性,60 min内对甲基橙的脱色率均可达到90%以上,其中SiW₁₂/PVA复合膜效果最好,12 min内脱色率达100%.提高SiW₁₂负载量可有效提高膜的光催化活性,当SiW₁₂与PVA质量比为1:1时催化活性最高.     

Acetate-driven polyoxometalate demetalation: an open-shell diiron polytungstate comprising two rotational Keggin isomers

The effect of acetate concentration on the formation of {SiW10Fe2}-based complexes is demonstrated by the synthesis of an open-shell diiron tungstosilicate derivative featuring two rotational Keggin isomer units.     

含铁杂多酸盐Mossbauer谱研究 IV: 钼磷铁杂多酸盐的合成和Mossbauer谱

合成了钼磷铁杂多黄(NH4)4[PFeMo11O40H2]·9H2O和杂多蓝(NH4)4[PFeMo11O40H3]·11H2O的铵盐晶体, 用^5^7Fe同位素增丰Mossbauer谱法, 结合磁化率测定, 研究其结构与性质, 并讨论了四极分裂值Q2和Keggin结构杂多阴离子中MO6(M=Mo, Fe)八面体畸变大小的关系, 进一步证实Keggin结构杂多蓝阴离子中Mo(V)-O-Fe(III)间存在反磁交换作用。     

Connecting theory with experiment to understand the initial nucleation steps of heteropolyoxometalate clusters

A complimentary combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT) methodology and Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been utilized to increase our limited understanding of the first nucleation steps in the formation of the [XM(12)O(40)](n-) Keggin polyoxometalates (POMs) (where addenda metal atom M = W or Mo, and the heteroatom X = P or As). We postulate that the first key steps of nucleation into discrete, high nuclearity heteropolyanions proceed via the formation of isodinuclear species (e.g. [M(2)O(7)](2-)), which undergo successive steps of protonation and water condensation to form a heterotrinuclear fragment, which acts as a template for the constituent parts required for subsequent aggregation and formation of the plenary Keggin heteropolyanion. The stability of calculated structures of the numerous postulated intermediates has been analysed and discussed in detail, and these results complemented using experimental mass spectrometry, using an assembly (reaction solution analysis) and disassembly (fragmentation of single crystals) approach. Overall, no significant differences between the Keggin POMs were found when changing the addenda metal atom (W or Mo) or the heteroatom (P or As); although small differences among the lowest-energy structures were detected.     

Protonation of phosphovanadomolybdates H(3+x)PV(x)Mo(12-x)O40: computational insight into reactivity

Protonated phosphovanadomolybdates of the Keggin structure, H(3+x)PV(x)Mo(12-x)O(40) where x = 0, 1, 2, and derivatives with surface defects formed by loss of constitutional water were studied using high-level DFT calculations toward determination of the most stable species and possible active forms in oxidation catalysis in both the gas phase and in polar solutions. The calculations demonstrate that protonation at bridging positions is energetically much more favorable than protonation of terminal oxygen atoms. The preferential protonation site is determined by the stability of the metal-oxygen bond rather than the negative charge on the oxygen atom. In H(3)PMo(12)O(40), maximum distances between protons at bridging oxygen atoms are energetically favored. In contrast, for H(4)PVMo(11)O(40) and H(5)PV(2)Mo(10)O(40) protons prefer nucleophilic sites adjacent to vanadium atoms. Up to three protons are bound to the nucleophilic sites around the same vanadium atom in the stable isomeric forms of H(5)PV(2)Mo(10)O(40) that result in strong destabilization of oxo-vanadium(V) bonding to the Keggin unit. Such behavior arises from the different nature of the Mo-O and V-O bonds that can be traced to the different sizes of the valence d orbitals of the metals. Coordination of two protons at the same site yields water and an oxygen defect as a result of its dissociation. The energetic cost for the formation of surface defects decreases in the order: O(t) ? O(c) ? O(e) and is lower for the sites adjacent to vanadium atoms. Vanadium atoms near defects also have a significant contribution to the LUMO. Thus, vanadium-substituted polyoxometalates with defects near and, especially, between vanadium atoms present a plausible active form of polyoxometalates in oxidation reactions.     

α-Keggin结构钼硅四电子杂多蓝的量子化学研究

采用半经验的INDO法,首次完成了α-Keggin 结构钼硅四电子杂多蓝K~ 3H~ 5[Simo^v~4-Mo^Ⅵ~8O~4~0].12H~2O量子化学计算,获得102个成键轨道和68 个反键轨道,轨道能级,键序及电荷等数据,证明了杂多酸盐还原产物杂多蓝,还原后Keggin结构阴离子中各原子上电子云密度重新分配,产生一定程度的结构畸变, 但仍保持α-Keggin结构,最高占据轨道由组成分子的各原子轨道组成,其中的桥氧(O~b'O~c)成分较多,表明O~b'O~c为分子中的主要化学活性点HOMO和LUMO为负值, 表明仍可进一步接受电子生成四电子以上的杂多蓝,Muliken分析进一步证明了还原钼原子的位置.     

磷钼钨杂多酸还原态的电子自旋共振研究

合成了一个系列具有Keggin结构的磷钼钨杂多酸H~3PMo~1~2~-~nW~nO~4~0(n=0,3,6,9,11,12).用电子自旋共振(ESR)方法研究了这些杂多酸的还原性.结果表明,在还原态的杂多酸中,除了因失去桥氧产生的Mo^5^+信号A(其g~⊥^A=1.952, g~∥^A=1.852)外,钨取代后产生另一Mo^5^+信号B,其g~⊥^B=1.923,g~∥^B=1.877.该信号被认为是由于杂多酸中钼的端氧还原所致. 由此提出钨的取代影响了杂多酸的氧化还原性,即桥氧的稳定性相对增强,端氧的稳定性相对减弱     

Hydrothermal synthesis of the first vanadomolybdenum polyoxocation with a "metal-bonded" spherical framework

The heteropoly compound [(V(V)O(4))Mo(VI)(12)O(36)(V(IV)O)(6)][(OH)(9)].11H(2)O (1), synthesized by hydrothermal method under weak basic conditions, represents the first mixed Mo/V six-capped Keggin structural derivative with a spherical skeleton, and the first transition metal polyoxocation. The successful synthesis of 1 demonstrates that basic hydrothermal synthesis might be a power synthetic route to the isolation of more new polycationic metal-oxo clusters.     

异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸的杂多酸盐催化剂的氧化还原性

异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸的杂多酸盐催化剂的氧化还原性＊贾继飞吴通好＊＊于剑锋王国甲杨宏茂姜玉子郑莹光（吉林大学化学系，长春１３００２３）关键词异丁醛，一步氧化，甲基丙烯酸，杂多钼磷酸盐，氧化还原性异丁醛（ＩＢＡＬ）一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）是最...     

A feasible route to approach 3D POM-based hybrids: utilizing substituted or reduced Keggin anions with high charge density

Five new hybrid compounds based on Keggin polyanions, Ag(+)/Cu(+) ions and 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propane (btp) molecules have been hydrothermally synthesized. In [Ag(5)(btp)(4)(H(2)O)(2)][PCuW(11)O(39)]·2H(2)O (1), [Ag(4.33)Na(0.67)(btp)(4)(H(2)O)(2)][PMnMo(11)O(39)]·H(2)O (2) and [Cu(4)(btp)(4)Na(H(2)O)(2)][PMnMo(11)O(39)]·2H(2)O (3), the neighboring mono-substituted Keggin clusters are alternately connected via sharing oxygen atoms to form an unusual Keggin-based transition-metal monosubstituted chain, in which the Keggin cluster serves as a decadentate ligand and grafts ten metal atoms representing the highest connected number for Keggin cluster and forming a 3D framework. In [Ag(5)(btp)(4)][PW(VI)(10)W(V)(2)O(40)] (4) and [Ag(5)(btp)(4)][PMo(VI)(10)Mo(V)(2)O(40)] (5), two-electron reduced Keggin clusters as hexadentate linkages are inserted in the rhomboid-like tunnels of the Ag-btp framework and connect with the framework via six Ag-O bonds to achieve 3D motifs, which are new and rare examples of heteropoly blue based hybrid compounds. The successful synthesis of the five high-dimensional structures may provide a feasible route for us to approach 3D polyoxometalate-based hybrids by using substituted Keggin anions and heteropoly blues with high charge density. Furthermore, photocatalytic experiments indicate that both 1 and 4 have good activities for photocatalytic degradation of RhB under UV irradiation. The luminescent properties of compounds 1-5 in the solid state were also investigated.     

Elucidation of structure and location of V(IV) ions in heteropolyacid catalysts H4PVMo11O40 as studied by hyperfine sublevel correlation spectroscopy and pulsed electron nuclear double resonance at W- and X-band frequencies.

Electron spin resonance, pulsed electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy at W- and X-band frequencies, and hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopy have been employed to determine the location of the V(IV) ions in H4PVMo11O40 heteropolyacid catalysts. In these materials the heteropolyanions have the well-known structure of the Keggin molecule. Interactions of the unpaired electrons of the paramagnetic vanadyl ions (VO(2+)) with all relevant nuclei 1H, 31P, and 51V) could be resolved. The complete analysis of the hyperfine coupling tensor for the phosphorus nucleus in the fourth coordination sphere of the V(IV) ion allowed for the first time a detailed structural analysis of the paramagnetic ions in heteropolyacids in hydrated and dehydrated catalysts. The 31P and 1H ENDOR results show that V(IV) ions are incorporated as vanadyl pentaaqua complexes [VO(H2O)5](2+) in the void space between the heteropolyanions in the hydrated heteropolyacid. For the dehydrated H4PVMo11O40 materials the distance between the V(IV) ion and the central phosphorus atom of the Keggin molecule could be determined with high accuracy on the basis of orientation-selective 31P ENDOR experiments and HYSCORE spectroscopy. The results give a first direct experimental evidence that the paramagnetic vanadium species are not incorporated at molybdenum sites into the Keggin structure of H4PVMo11O40 and also do not act as bridges between two Keggin units after calcination of the catalyst. The vanadyl species are found to be directly attached to the Keggin molecules. The VO(2+) ions are coordinated to four or three outer oxygen atoms from one PVMo11 heteropolyanion in a trigonal-pyramidal or slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry, respectively.     

Studies on Redox Properties of Heteropoly Compounds Containing Rare Earth Elements

The redox properties of four series of more than one handred acids and salts of rare earth heteropoly compounds, such as LnHSiMoi2O40, In (PMo11 O39)211-, Ln (PW11 O39)211-, Ln (AsW11 O39)211-, Ln(GeW11O39)213-, Ln(BW11O39)215-, Ln(GaW11O39)216-, Ln(P2Mo17O61)217-, Ln (As2W17O61)217-, Ln2P2Mo18O62and Ln2HP2Mo17VO62(Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, etc. ) which have Keggin, Daw-son and their derivative structures, were studied by means of potentiometric titration, polarography and cy-clovoltammetry. The mechanisms of the redox reactions were supposed-and the orders of redox ability of the heteropoly compounds were concluded. The periodic changes in reduction potentials of Ln(PMo11O39)211-and Ln(P2Mo17O61)2217- with Ln atomic numbers, and the correlation between E1/2 of Ln(XMo11O39)2(?)-(X =P, Ge, Si) and nq2(n is the main quantum number of the central atoms and q is their charges) were found.     

Cs_yP_（1．33）－kMo_（12）SblCu_mV_nAs_kO_x催化剂的研究

以共沉淀方法制备了杂多酸盐催化剂ＣｓｙＰ１．３３－ｋＭｏ１２ＳｂｌＣｕｍＶｎＡｓｋＯｘ．利用ＩＲ及ＳＥＭ研究了催化剂的结构，ＤＳＣ研究了催化剂的稳定性，ＥＳＲ研究了催化剂的氧化还原性，及ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ研究了催化剂的酸性．同时考察了催化剂对异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸的催化性能，并与催化剂的氧化还原性进行了关联．发现Ｃｓ１．５Ｐ１．１３Ｍｏ１２Ｓｂ０．２５Ｃｕ０．２５Ｖ０．２５Ａｓ０．２０Ｏｘ催化剂使异丁醛氧化的目的产物甲基丙烯酸收率最高，达７０．１％．     

SiW(12)/Al2O3的硫化与加氢脱氮活性

为对ＳｉＮｉ（Ｃｏ）Ｗ１１（Ｍｏ１１）双金属Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ型杂多酸作为模型前身物，载于Ａｌ２Ｏ３上应用于加氢精制催化剂活性相的研究提供依据和参考，本文研究了ＳｉＷ１２在Ａｌ２Ｏ３上的分散状态，硫化行为及其加氢脱氮活性，用吸附法和浸渍法均可将ＳｉＷ１２稳定和高分散地担载于Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面上，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上，ＳｉＷ１２的硫化反应发生在５７３～６７３Ｋ狭窄温度范围内，该硫化作用起始于其Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构破     

双帽Keggin型杂多阴离子[PM12O40(VO)2]n-(M=Mo,n=5; M=V, n=9)的离散变分方法研究

使用密度泛函理论的离散变分方法(DFT-DVM)研究了双帽Keggin型杂多阴离子[PM12O40(VO)2]n-(M=Mo, n=5; M=V, n=9),即[PMo12O40(VO)2]5- (a)和[PV12O40(VO)2]9- (b)的电子结构,讨论了双帽的形成对Keggin型杂多阴离子的电子结构和催化性质的影响,并与其Keggin型杂多阴离子(PM12O40)n-(M=Mo, n=3; M=V, n=15)的计算结果进行了对比分析,计算结果表明,双帽的形成对Keggin型杂多阴离子的电子结构产生了很大的影响,因而它们在催化活性上可能会表现出较大的差异.     

Synthesis and structure of the pentacopper(II) substituted tungstosilicate [Cu5(OH)4(H2O)2(A-alpha-SiW9O33)2]10-

The dimeric, pentacopper(II) substituted tungstosilicate [Cu(5)(OH)(4)(H(2)O)(2)(A-alpha-SiW(9)O(33))(2)](10-) (1) has been synthesized in good yield using a one-pot procedure by reaction of Cu(2+) ions with the trilacunary precursor salt K(10)[A-alpha-SiW(9)O(34)]. The title polyanion represents the first polyoxotungstate substituted by 5 copper centers and the central copper-hydroxo-aqua fragment is completely unprecedented. In the course of the reaction, two [A-alpha-SiW(9)O(34)](10-) Keggin half-units have fused in an asymmetrical fashion resulting in the lacunary polyoxotungstate [Si(2)W(18)O(66)](16-). The vacancy in this species is stabilized by a magnetic cluster of five octahedrally coordinated Cu(2+) ions resulting in polyanion 1 with C(2v) symmetry.     

A fluorophosphate-based inverse Keggin structure

An unusual PFO(3)(2-)-templated "inverse Keggin" polyanion, [Mo(12)O(46)(PF)(4)](4-), has been isolated from the degradation reaction of an {Mo(132)}-type Keplerate to [PMo(12)O(40)](3-) by [Cu(MeCN)(4)](PF(6)) in acetonitrile. (31)P-NMR studies suggest a structure-directing role for [Cu(MeCN)(4)](+) in the formation of the highly unusual all-inorganic inverse Keggin structure.