基于综合光学调制技术的光纤无线双向通信系统设计

提出并研究了一种使用单光源的光纤无线双向传输系统.该系统只需在中心站配置一个可调谐激光器,以产生频率恒定的激光光源,通过综合光学调制（频率调制、强度调制）技术将基带信号调制到光载波上,最终形成60 GHz毫米波下行信号|同时,相同的光载波在基站被重用,作为上行链路传输光源.系统结合光载波重用技术和综合调制技术特点,合理利用资源,基站结构更为简化.仿真结果表明,该系统可以将速率达2.5 Gbit/s的数据在单模光纤中双向传输20 km,功率代价小于0.5 dB,相对已有的技术方案,该传输系统在传输功率、传输距离、传输性能方面具有明显优势.     

Electromagnetic waves propagation in real multimode waveguide structures

A power flow equation describing the power flow of electromagnetic waves in a real multimode waveguide represented by a linear multichannel trasmission system exhibiting an attenuation, dispersion, and an interchannel interaction is solved in three iterative ways. In the case of constant attenuation and constant propagation velocities in all channels and for the convolution interchannel interaction, a closed analytical solution of the problem is presented. Interesting forms of the solution, transfer function, and impulse response of the system which enable us to separate and compare the attenuation, dispersion, and coupling effects independently of each other are derived. The transfer function, the impulse response, and excitation conditions for their measurements are further discussed. Relations which make it possible to compare different experimental data obtained under specific excitation conditions in various laboratories are determined. Finally, a linear system with memory in time is studied and it is shown that the real multimode waveguide as a linear multichannel transmission system can be considered as a general linear system with memory in space.     

反应磁控溅射法制备的氟化类金刚石薄膜的XPS结构研究

采用射频反应磁控溅射法用高纯石墨作靶、三氟甲烷(CHF₃)和氩气(Ar)作源气体制 备了氟化类金刚石（FDLC）薄膜，通过XPS光谱结合拉曼光谱、红外透射光谱和紫外 可见光光谱研究了源气体流量比等工艺条件对薄膜中键结构、sp2/sp3杂化比以及光学带隙等性能的影响.结果表明在低功率(60W)、高气压(2.0Pa)和适当的流量比(Ar/CHF₃=2∶ 1)下利用射频反应磁控溅射法可制备出氟含量高且具有较宽光学带隙和超低介电常数的FDLC薄膜. 关键词： 反应磁控溅射 氟化类金刚石薄膜 红外透射光谱 XPS光谱     

微机电系统红外脉冲光源调制特性的研究

针对微机电系统热激发红外光源的动态特性,采用一种新的计算方法。即通过建立光源在不同初始温度下升温与加电时间、功率之间的关系,定量估算不同脉冲频率下辐射功率的调制深度。该方法可以计算调制深度大情况下的动态特性。就其中两个重要影响因素加电方式和发射率分别进行讨论,得到:饱和功率相同的前提下,采用恒压源供电方式相比恒流源供电和恒定功率供电响应时间更小,从而更有利于改善光源的动态调制特性;相同条件下,选择高发射率的光源材料也有利于缩短上升时间。结合计算结果,对一个微型铂金薄膜红外光源的频响特性进行了验证测试,测试结果与计算分析符合较好。     

Power flow in the coupled dynamic system of machinery and building floor

I.IntroductinnWithmoreandmoremulthetoreyworkshopsandmultifunctinnaltallbuildingsarebeingconstructednowadays,thereshowsanincreasingtrendformachinesandequlpmentstobemoulltedonupperlloors.Inthesituationofmachinesrunningonupperfloors,thetraditionaltheoryisnotValidbecausetheflooritselfisaflewhlestructure.Therefore,itisinagreatdemandtostudyonthedynaInicillteractionofmachinescoupledwithflekiblefoundationsalldtoproposearesonableandeffectiveapproachtocontrolvibrationandtosuppressnoise.Formachineryonu…     

Active noise control in ducts: some physical insights

The mechanisms of active noise control in a duct are examined. Acoustical measurements are used to determine directly the acoustic power flow associated with both primary and secondary sources as a function of secondary to primary source strength ratio and volume velocity relative phase angles. A complete analytical model is also developed which allows calculation of individual source power flows and total downstream power flow as a function of source strengths and relative phase angles for finite size sources. It is evaluated for monopole and dual secondary source arrangements, but can be extended easily to any number of secondary sources. The model considers a finite size primary source in the plane of the duct cross section and evaluates the effect that the secondary sources have on the primary source power output. Measurements of individual source output powers and total downstream acoustic powers agree well with theoretical predictions. It is demonstrated that, for the monopole system, sound attenuation is achieved primarily by suppression of the primary source acoustic power output, with a little remaining power being absorbed by the secondary source. For the dual secondary source system, it is shown that the power is primarily absorbed by the secondary sources, but that, at phase and amplitude values slightly different to optimum, noise reduction is achieved by a combination of energy absorption and primary source power suppression. The analysis also demonstrates the dependence of the achievable noise reduction on secondary source size and location with respect to the primary source.     

一种基于非衍射波的高帧率超声成像发射系统的研究

基于非衍射波的高帧率(high frame rate,HFR)超声成像的前提是发射阵列波(array beam)声场,但由于阵列波的正弦函数特征使对超声发射信号加权处理变得比较困难,导致了发射系统复杂.针对这一问题,本文提出一种有效的解决方案.基于傅里叶变换理论,从方波的能量成分主要集中在基波这一特性出发,采用单值方波对超声传感器发射信号进行加权,用一个功率信号源和简单的电子开关网络实现了HFR系统中所需要的发射电路.实验表明,这种方案对HFR的成像质量几乎没有什么影响,但大大简化了HFR成像系统,这为HFR超声成像方法在现有B超声系统上的实现提供了一个可行的方法.     

HL-2M 低杂波电流驱动系统研制

HL-2M 装置的 LHCD 系统已经完成了包括 2MW 波源、2MW 传输线和 4MW 天线的工程研制,该 系统参数指标为 3.7GHz/2MW/3s,使用 4 只 TH2103C1 型速调管。建成了 4 条 500kW 功率容量的传输线,研制 了 1 套 4MW 功率容量的低杂波天线,并完成了与系统配套的电源、微波源、传输部件、控保系统以及水冷、真 空、测量采集等辅助系统的研制。     

Critical points and transitions in an electric power transmission model for cascading failure blackouts

Cascading failures in large-scale electric power transmission systems are an important cause of blackouts. Analysis of North American blackout data has revealed power law (algebraic) tails in the blackout size probability distribution which suggests a dynamical origin. With this observation as motivation, we examine cascading failure in a simplified transmission system model as load power demand is increased. The model represents generators, loads, the transmission line network, and the operating limits on these components. Two types of critical points are identified and are characterized by transmission line flow limits and generator capability limits, respectively. Results are obtained for tree networks of a regular form and a more realistic 118-node network. It is found that operation near critical points can produce power law tails in the blackout size probability distribution similar to those observed. The complex nature of the solution space due to the interaction of the two critical points is examined.(c) 2002 American Institute of Physics.     

A multi-channel full-duplex 60-GHz-band radio-over-fiber system

We propose and simulate a novel full-duplex radio-over-fiber system using a single light source at central station (CS). The scheme is employed to generate 60-GHz optical millimeter wave at CS for down-link transmission while the same optical carrier is reused at base station for up-link connection. There is no additional laser source for the upstream data generation in the base station. The bidirectional full-duplex 2.5 Gb/s data are successfully transmitted over 40 km standard single-mode fiber (SMF). The power penalty for the down-link data after transmission over 40 km SMF is less than 0.6 dB, while for the up-link data, the power penalty after transmission over 40 km SMF is neglected. This system shows good performance over long-distance delivery and has important applicable value in high radio frequency (RF) sector and multi-channel full-duplex system.     

基于PCF-LPG的差分算法实现对光纤传感器的噪音消除

为了有效消除光源抖动及系统不稳定因素给光纤传感器带来的噪音干扰,提高光纤传感器的准确度,本文提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤长周期光栅的差分算法.利用光子晶体光纤长周期光栅良好的温度稳定性及宽光谱滤波特性,同时监测位于光子晶体光纤长周期光栅透射谱正负斜率线性区域内的两个信号功率变化.这两个信号是经同一路径到监测设备的,包含光源抖动以及系统其它不稳定因素带来的噪音干扰,对这两个信号进行差分处理即可有效消除噪音干扰,并将其应用于光纤环镜温度传感器.结果表明:通过基于光子晶体光纤长周期光栅的差分处理,在光源功率变化±10%的情况下,差分值基本保持不变,由此获得的温度测量值与真实值相对误差分别为0.04和0.03|与未引入差分算法相比,传感器准确度从约76%提高到约97%.本文提出的基于光子晶体光纤长周期光栅的差分算法可以有效消除光纤传感器内功率抖动所带来的噪音干扰,大大提高系统的准确度.     

结构振动声强法研究及应用

振动声强技术通过绘制功率流矢量图和流线图来分析结构噪声源及能量传播路径,可以清晰体现振动声能的分布和传播。对振动和噪声控制具有重要的理论意义和应用前景。本文总结了振动声强试验和理论计算技术的发展,并推导了受迫振动板中声强分量与振动能量的数学关系;最后对振动声强法在复杂结构振动功率流控制和结构损伤识别中的应用进行了展望。     

基于太阳能电池板的无线光通信与传能复合系统实验研究

为明确光载波无线传输系统中,复合传输相比单独传输的优越性,实验对比了单独传能、单独通信、复合传输三种结构在传输距离为0.1m、接收的光功率估值为3.5mW、光通信速率为1kbps时的输出特性.结果表明,单独传能系统在与电感串联的负载为4kΩ时,电池板输出最大功率为1.82mW,复合传输系统在与电感串联的负载为5kΩ时,电池板输出最大功率为2.1 mW,比单独传能系统高出15%;与电容串联的负载较低时复合传输系统输出信号波形发生畸变,优化负载后波形得以改善,相同条件下幅值比单独通信系统高出1.52V.     

硼中子俘获治疗实验装置射频功率源系统

中国科学院高能物理研究所建造了一台基于加速器的硼中子俘获治疗（BNCT）实验装置。射频功率源系统为352.2 MHz射频四极加速器（RFQ）提供高频功率,使束流离开RFQ时,其能量达到3.5 MeV。BNCT射频功率源系统主要包括速调管功率源、数字低电平控制系统、射频传输系统。本文介绍了BNCT射频功率源系统,主要包括物理需求、系统组成、关键设备、安装和调试。目前该装置已进行动物实验,加速器打靶束流功率4.3 kW,加速器射频功率源系统运行稳定。     

基于纠缠交换的量子信令中继网络模型及仿真

针对多用户量子信令网络的中继模型,本文研究了环境量子噪音对信令远程传输的影响,分析了量子交换原理,在此基础上提出了基于纠缠交换的量子信令中继策略,给出了总线型信令中继网络模型,并对量子信令远程传输成功率进行了仿真研究.结果表明:量子信令远程传输成功率与噪音功率谱密度、传输距离和中继次数三个因素密切相关;当噪音功率谱密度一定时,随着传输距离的增大,信令传输成功率呈准平抛型曲线下降;在噪音功率谱密度和总的传输距离两个因素都确定的情况下,随着中继次数的增加,信令传输成功率显著增大.因此,为了实现量子信令的可靠传输,在背景噪音一定时,必须准确设计传输距离和中继次数.     

ADS注入器Ⅰ高频四极场功率源系统研制

ADS注入器Ⅰ高频四极场(RFQ)功率源系统将为325MHz RFQ提供连续波功率,使束流离开RFQ时,其能量达到几MeV。功率源系统除了补偿RFQ腔耗外,还必须提供足够的功率以保证RFQ中的加速电场。ADS注入器ⅠRFQ功率源系统主要包括600kW连续波速调管、80kV/18A基于脉冲步进调制技术的PSM电源、环流器以及相应的波导传输系统等。根据ADS总体指标和RFQ的相关技术参数,提出了功率源的总体布局、技术指标以及设计要求等,在此基础上完成系统安装与调试,并通过专家组测试与验收。     

横掠管束周期性充分发展对流换热的混沌分析

本文利用混沌理论分析了横掠管束周期性充分发展对流换热的非稳定性问题,即通过速度U的时间序列的重构相空间计算出关联维数D2,并通过时间序列分析了该非线性动力系统的功率谱特性。分析结果表明,本文所研究的横掠管束周期性充分发展对流换热系统在所给出的控制参数Re=937.7下出现的非稳定性问题属于混沌现象。系统的整体状态可用奇怪吸引子来描述,当延迟时间选择为5,该时间序列的重构相空间的嵌入维数增至5时,该吸引子的分维数趋于定值1.63。     

基于纠缠交换的量子信令中继网络模型及仿真

针对多用户量子信令网络的中继模型,本文研究了环境量子噪音对信令远程传输的影响,分析了量子交换原理,在此基础上提出了基于纠缠交换的量子信令中继策略,给出了总线型信令中继网络模型,并对量子信令远程传输成功率进行了仿真研究.结果表明:量子信令远程传输成功率与噪音功率谱密度、传输距离和中继次数三个因素密切相关;当噪音功率谱密度一定时,随着传输距离的增大,信令传输成功率呈准平抛型曲线下降;在噪音功率谱密度和总的传输距离两个因素都确定的情况下,随着中继次数的增加,信令传输成功率显著增大.因此,为了实现量子信令的可靠传输,在背景噪音一定时,必须准确设计传输距离和中继次数.     

一种用于高精度频率传输的光纤功率补偿技术

为了抑制偏振态漂移带来的功率变化给传输稳定度造成的影响,设计了一种能够快速补偿偏振变化的频率传输系统。该系统将锁模光作为光源,结合PID控制器反馈调节的原理,利用光功率放大器(EDFA)、起偏器、可变光功率衰减器(VOA)和单片机实现。实验结果表明:该系统能够有效抑制偏振态随着环境改变而发生的漂移,经过10 km传输之后的输出光功率稳定度达到110-5,与自由漂相比提高了200倍。将整个系统应用在光梳频率传输系统中,可以提高系统的鉴相精度,在5 GHz的传输频率上,可以有效消除偏振态变化引入的~50 fs的相位抖动。