低温拉伸试验用试验箱

本文介绍一台用于20K,77K和300—173K温度做材料拉伸试验用的试验箱.它结构简单,制作容易,操作方便,效率高.适用于测定金属及合金、增强塑料和低温胶粘剂粘接样品的抗张和抗剪强度.     

强磁场下Pt电阻温度传感器的磁致电阻效应研究

以Pt电阻温度传感器(Pt-111)为研究对象,研究了其在0～16T磁场下、4.2～300K温区内的磁致电阻效应.结果表明:Pt-111在0～16T场强、4.2～77K温区内,磁效应随场强的增加和温度的降低而明显升高,77～300K温区内温度计受磁场的影响较小,其中在16T下,4.2K和300K处的磁效应分别为48.2%和1.07%;在4.2-77K温区,Pt-111由磁阻引起的测量误差场强的升高和温度的降低而明显升高,在16T、4.2K处和16T、77K处的温度测量误差分别为18.3K和1.69K.Pt-111不推荐应用在77K以下的磁场环境.     

常压下固态KNO2热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论结合准谐德拜模型研究常压下300~725 K间KNO₂立方结构的热力学性质,重点分析常压下定压热容、定容热容、熵、德拜温度、体膨胀系数、平衡体积和体弹模量随温度的变化.结果显示,常压下计算的定压热容随温度的变化与实验数据符合较好,而计算的熵与实验数据相差较大.计算得到KNO₂的平均体膨胀系数约为1.837 8×10^-5K^-1,常温下(300 K)KNO₂的德拜温度约为667.13K.     

TS单晶非公度相变膨胀系数的研究

本文研究了 TS 从77K 到300K 膨胀系数与温度的关系,结果表明 TS 在非公度相变时膨胀系数出现明显反常.分析了 TS、PTS 的结构,指出侧链极性基团的运动在其中起重要作用.与铁磁性、反铁磁性材料类比,说明了反铁电性对膨胀系数的影响.     

金属材料低温深冷拉伸试验装置的研制

以氦气作为冷媒,利用G-M制冷机作为冷源,可实现室温至-269℃(4.2K)全范围内的低温环境。将其与常规材料拉伸试验机相结合,建立了金属材料深冷低温拉伸测试系统。解决好深冷环境下试验系统的密封与漏热问题,是实现低温拉伸测试的关键技术环节。在-196℃(77K)以上温度区间,采用液氮辅助预冷的方法,可显著提高系统的降温速率,相比于常规直接以液氮或液氦为冷源的制冷方式,利用制冷机制冷进行低温拉伸测试的方法,不仅适用温度范围广,且可极大地降低试验成本,兼具实用性与经济性。     

钨酸铅晶体的低温红外反射谱

分别在77K、100K、200K和300K温度下测量了钨酸铅(PbWO4,PWO)晶体的红外反射谱,观察到8个反射峰;实验表明PWO晶体在低温77～300K范围内结构稳定.利用Kramers-Kronig(K-K)关系对样品的红外反射谱进行数据处理,获得了不同温度下各振动模的横光学(TO)声子频率ωTO,从而得到了PWO晶体各振动模的温度变化特性,研究表明:Pb2+离子的平动模频率随温度降低发生蓝移,主要是晶格的热膨胀影响;WO42-离子团的振动模频率随温度降低发生红移,主要是非简谐耦合作用影响.     

非晶Pd_(0.775)Si_(0.165)Ag_(0.06)合金的低温电子比热

用非绝热量热法测量了非晶Pd_(0.775) Sl_(0.165),Ag_(0.06)合金在4.2—77K的比热。此合金在低温下的电子比热为4TmJ/mole.K,德拜温度θ_D为221.1K。从低温电子比热研究合金的Fermi面态密度,讨论了态密度降低的原因。     

强磁场下Cernox^TM温度传感器的磁致电阻效应研究

以Cernox-1070温度传感器为研究对象,研究了其在磁场强度0-16 T和4.2-300K温区下的磁致电阻效应.实验结果表明：CX-1070温度传感器受磁场的影响较小,在16T、4.2-300K的磁效应值为-0.19-2.38%,产生的最大测量误差为0.11K;15-50K温区为磁效应最低的温度区间,在50-300...     

一种微波光子探测器组件的封装设计与实现

为实现微波光子系统的高集成度、高可靠性,进行了一种微波光子探测器组件的封装设计与实现。介绍了定制化封装设计思路,选择可伐合金作为壳体材料,采用的卧式贴装方案中选用斜面透镜光纤,给出了封装工艺流程和关键工艺点,最终封装的组件光电耦合效率在68%～79%之间,满足总体指标需求。该组件通过混合集成封装方法,实现了微波芯片与光子芯片在同一封装内的阵列化集成及气密性封装。该组件的封装设计与实现方法,可用于其他微波光子产品,有助于提升光载射频传输系统的集成度与可靠性。     

U_(1-x)Pu_xO_2热膨胀性质分子动力学模拟研究

基于部分离子势函数的分子动力学方法,研究了U_(1-x)Pu_xO_2(x=0.07,0.15,0.25和0.5)在300—3000 K温度范围和0—1.5 GPa下的热力学性质,研究发现,在等压和不同温度下,随着钚(Pu)比率的增加,U_(1-x)Pu_xO_2的晶格常数线性减小,线性膨胀系数有所增大,等温压缩系数减小,通过拟合得到了零压下U_(1-x)Pu_xO_2晶格常数和线膨胀系数随Pu比率变化的经验表达式。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.