Conservation laws in linear viscoelastodynamics

Noether's theorem on variational principles invariant under a group of infinitesimal transformations is used to obtain two conservation laws associated with linear viscoelastodynamics. These laws represent viscoelastic generalizations of two conservation laws in elasticity.     

微孔线弹性材料的守恒律和完备性定理

本文用无穷小变换群使作用量不变的思想证明了广义Noether定理,且得到一类守恒律,对线性均匀微孔弹性材料阐明了尺度变换下守恒律的可能性,且给出了完备性定理的证明。     

On symmetries, conservation laws and invariant solutions of the foam-drainage equation

This study deals with symmetry group properties and conservation laws of the foam-drainage equation. Firstly, we study the classical Lie symmetries, optimal systems, similarity reductions and similarity solutions of the foam-drainage equation which are obtained through the Lie group method of infinitesimal transformations. Secondly, using the new general theorem on non-local conservation laws and partial Lagrangian approach, local and non-local conservation laws are also studied and, finally, non-classical symmetries are derived.     

Conservation laws in classical mechanics for quasi-coordinates

Noether's theorem and Noether's inverse theorem for mechanical systems with gauge-variant Lagrangians under symmetric infinitesimal transformations and whose motion is described by quasi-coordinates are established. The existence of first integrals depends on the existence of solutions of the system of partial differential equations — the so-called Killing equations. Non-holonomic mechanical systems are analysed separately and their special properties are pointed out. By use of this theory, the transformation which corresponds to Ko Valevskaya first integral in rigid-body dynamics is found. Also, the nature of the energy integral in non-holonomic mechanics is shown and a few new first integrals for non-conservative problems are obtained. Finally, these integrals are used in constructing Lyapunov's function and in the stability analyses of nonautonomous systems. The theory is based on the concept of a mechanical system, but the results obtained can be applied to all problems in mathematical physics admitting a Lagrangian function.     

On the invariance of time-dependent Hamilton＇s functions

The general framework of Poincaré's formalism is used to establish the connection between conservation laws and invariance properties of Hamilton's function under infinitesimal transformations when these laws and the Hamiltonian are time-dependent. An example illustrative of the theory is also considered. The English text was polished by Yunming Chen     

非Четаев型非完整系统的Lie对称性与守恒量

研究非Четаев型非完整系统的Ｌｉｅ对称性．首先利用微分方程在无限小变换下的不变性建立Ｌｉｅ对称所满足的确定方程和限制方程，给出结构方程并求出守恒量；其次研究上述问题的逆问题：根据已知积分求相应的Ｌｉｅ对称性；最后举例说明结果的应用．     

Conservation laws in linear elasticity based upon divergence transformations

The existence of conservation laws in linear elasticity based upon divergence transformations of the Lagrangian density function is investigated. It is found that there exist a set of conservation laws which correspond to infinitesimal homogeneous perturbations of the strain and velocity fields. These conservation laws have a unique feature not shared by other conservation laws in linear elasticity in that they contain an arbitrary free parameter.     

On some conservation laws of conservative and non-conservative dynamic systems

This study is concerned with the derivation of conservation laws of both conservative and non-coaservative dynaraical systems with finite numbers of degrees of freedom. First, the derivation of generators of the infinitesimal transformations of the generalized coordinates and time from Noether's basic identity is discussed. In the second part, a special class of conservation laws of conservative dynamical systems which are called action integral conservation laws is developed.     

时间尺度上Hamilton系统的Noether理论

提出并研究时间尺度上Hamilton系统的Noether对称性与守恒量问题．建立了时间尺度上Hamilton原理,导出了相应的Hamilton正则方程．基于时间尺度上Hamilton作用量在群的无限小变换下的不变性,建立了时间尺度上Hamilton系统的Noether定理．定理的证明分成两步：第一步,在时间不变的无限小变换群下给出证明;第二步,利用时间重新参数化技术得到了一般无限小变换群下的定理．给出了经典和离散两种情况下Hamilton系统的Noether守恒量．文末举例说明结果的应用．     

Variational principles and conservation laws to the Burridge–Knopoff equation

We generate conservation laws for the Burridge–Knopoff equation which model nonlinear dynamics of earthquake faults by a new conservation theorem proposed recently by Ibragimov. One can employ this new general theorem for every differential equation (or systems) and derive new local and nonlocal conservation laws. Nonlocal conservation laws comprise nonlocal variables defined by the adjoint equations to the Burridge–Knopoff equation.     

时间尺度上Lagrange系统的Hojman守恒量

利用对称性和守恒律, 可以简化动力学问题甚至求解力学系统的精确解, 更好地理解其动力学行为. 时间尺度分析将连续和离散动力学模型统一并拓展到时间尺度框架, 既避免了重复研究又可揭示两者之区别和联系. 因此, 通过对称性来探寻在时间尺度的框架下新的守恒定律很有必要. 本文首先建立了时间尺度上Lagrange方程, 利用时间尺度微积分性质导出了时间尺度上Lagrange系统的两个重要关系式; 其次, 依据微分方程在单参数Lie变换群下的不变性, 建立了时间尺度上Lie对称性的定义和确定方程; 最后, 建立了时间尺度上Lie对称性定理并利用上述关系式给出了证明, 得到了时间尺度上Lagrange系统的新守恒量. 当时间尺度取为实数集时, 该守恒量退化为著名的Hojman守恒量. 文末考察了一个两自由度时间尺度Lagrange系统, 在3种不同时间尺度情形下得到了该系统的Hojman守恒量, 数值计算结果验证了定理的正确性.      

Symmetries of the hyperbolic shallow water equations and the Green–Naghdi model in Lagrangian coordinates

The observation that the hyperbolic shallow water equations and the Green–Naghdi equations in Lagrangian coordinates have the form of an Euler–Lagrange equation with a natural Lagrangian allows us to apply Noether's theorem for constructing conservation laws for these equations. In this study the complete group analysis of these equations is given: admitted Lie groups of point and contact transformations, classification of the point symmetries and all invariant solutions are studied. For the hyperbolic shallow water equations new conservation laws which have no analog in Eulerian coordinates are obtained. Using Noether's theorem a new conservation law of the Green–Naghdi equations is found. The dependence of solutions on the parameter is illustrated by self-similar solutions which are invariant solutions of both models.     

热释电体非保守动力学系统的守恒定律

以Noether定理为基础,系统地研究热机电耦合的热释电体非保守动力学系统的守恒定律,引进熵流矢量和温度耗散函数描述热释电体系统的耗散现象,提出了热释电体非保衬动力学系统的Lagrange函数以及广义Hamilton最小作用量原理,论证了不变性变换群的存在条件,提出了并证明了广义Noether定理,由此得到了一组守恒定律及J。M积分。     

On Material Equations in Second Gradient Electroelasticity

The concern of this work is the derivation of material conservation and balance laws for second gradient electroelasticity. The conservation laws of material momentum, material angular momentum and scalar moment of momentum on the material manifold are derived using Noether's theorem and the exact conditions under which they hold are rigorously studied. The corresponding balance laws are also presented. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Hamilton系统的一类新型守恒律

研究Hamilton系统的Lie对称性与守恒律。根据微分方程在无限小群变换下的不变性理论，建立了Hamilton系统仅依赖于正则变量的无限小群变换的Lie对称变换，给出了Lie对称性的确定方程，并直接由系统的Lie对称性得到了系统的一类新型定恒律。文末，举例说明结果的应用。     

非完整非保守系统在相空间的Noether定理及其逆定理

本文根据动力学系统在相空间的作用积分在无穷小群变换下的变换性质，得到了非完整非保守系统在相空间的Ｎｏｅｔｈｅｒ定理和逆定理。并举例说明。     

On group properties and conservation laws for second-order quasi-linear differential equations

A sufficient condition for the absence of tangent transformations admitted by second-order quasi-linear differential equations and a sufficient condition for linear autonomy of operators of the Lie group of transformations admitted by second-order weakly nonlinear differential equations are found. A theorem on the structure of the first-order conservation laws for second-order weakly nonlinear differential equations is proved. A classification of second-order linear differential equations with two independent variables in terms of first-order conservation laws is proposed. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 64–70, May–June, 2009.     

Local and nonlocal conserved vectors of the system of two-dimensional generalized inviscid Burgers equations

The concept of non-linear self-adjointness for the construction of conservation laws has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. The most noteworthy aspect of it is the likelihood of explicitly constructing the conservation laws for any arbitrary systems of differential equations, in particular for those for which Noether׳s theorem is not applicable. In this study, we shall use both Noether׳s theorem and the non-linear self-adjoint method to construct local and nonlocal conserved vectors of the system of two-dimensional Burgers equations under consideration. The first integrals obtained not only give more credence to obtained results due to their generality with respect to any arbitrary functions of the velocity components but are also independent, nontrivial and infinitely many.     

On Dual Conservation Laws in Linear Elasticity: Stress Function Formalism

Dual conservation laws of linear planar elasticity theory have been systematically studied based on stress function formalism. By employing generalized symmetry transformation or the Lie—Bäcklund transformation, a class of new dual conservation laws in planar elasticity have been discovered based on the Noether theorem and its Bessel—Hagen generalization. The physical implications of these dual conservation laws are discussed briefly.     

Boundary Layers in Weak Solutions of Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

. This paper is concerned with the initial‐boundary‐value problem for a nonlinear hyperbolic system of conservation laws. We study the boundary layers that may arise in approximations of entropy discontinuous solutions. We consider both the vanishing‐viscosity method and finite‐difference schemes (Lax‐Friedrichs‐type schemes and the Godunov scheme). We demonstrate that different regularization methods generate different boundary layers. Hence, the boundary condition can be formulated only if an approximation scheme is selected first. Assuming solely uniform bounds on the approximate solutions and so dealing with solutions, we derive several entropy inequalities satisfied by the boundary layer in each case under consideration. A Young measure is introduced to describe the boundary trace. When a uniform bound on the total variation is available, the boundary Young measure reduces to a Dirac mass. From the above analysis, we deduce several formulations for the boundary condition which apply whether the boundary is characteristic or not. Each formulation is based on a set of admissible boundary values, following the terminology of Dubois & LeFloch[15]. The local structure of these sets and the well‐posedness of the corresponding initial‐boundary‐value problem are investigated. The results are illustrated with convex and nonconvex conservation laws and examples from continuum mechanics. (Accepted July 2, 1998)