一种新型含磷-溴-氮阻燃剂的合成

以三氯氧磷、季戊四醇、2 ,3-二溴丙醇及三聚氰胺等为原料合成了一种新型磷 -溴 -氮阻燃剂 0 - (2 ,4,6 -三氧杂 - 1-氧基磷杂双环 [2 .2 .2 ]辛烷 - 4-亚甲基 ) - 0 - 2 ,3- (二溴丙基 )磷酸三聚氰胺盐 (Ⅲ ) .改进了中间体 4-羟甲基 - 2 ,6 ,7-三氧杂 - 1-氧基磷杂双环 [2 .2 .2 ]辛烷 (Ⅰ )的合成条件 ,元素分析、红外光谱等确定了结构     

含能叠氮高分子粘合剂的研究进展

含能叠氮类高分子粘合剂在固体推进剂领域具有广阔的应用前景,本文详细介绍了含能叠氮高分子粘合剂的合成方法和反应机理,对含叠氮基团的3,3-双叠氮甲基氧丁环(BAMO)、叠氮缩水甘油醚(GA)、3-叠氮甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷(AMMO)的均聚物和共聚物的性能特点和合成方法进行了综述,最后对含能叠氮高分子粘合剂的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

7-羟基-香豆素-3-羧酸衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

以2,4-二羟基苯甲醛和丙二酸二乙酯为起始原料,经Knoevenagel反应得到7-羟基-香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯(2);再经曼尼希反应、酯水解、酸化,得到7-羟基-8-氨甲基-香豆素-3羧酸(4a～4e);利用其羧基与不同碳数的二溴烷烃反应得到相应的溴代酯(5a～5i),再与硝酸银反应得到9个有机硝酸酯类一氧化氮(NO)供体型7-羟基-香豆素-3羧酸衍生物(6a～6i)。目标化合物的结构经过核磁共振氢谱、碳谱和高分辨质谱确证。用MTT法评价了目标化合物对人肝癌HepG2细胞和人肺癌A549细胞增殖的影响,结果显示,所合成的目标化合物对受试的两种癌细胞均具有较强的增殖抑制作用,其中,化合物6c的活性最好。     

双冠醚化合物的合成研究 III. 一类新的双冠醚的合成

邻苯二酚、3,5-二叔丁基邻苯二酚分别与1,5-二氯-3-氧(杂)戊烷在碱性条件下反应, 合成了开链冠醚化合物(1a-b)。1a-b与环氧氯丙烷在氢氧化钠正丁醇中缩合, 得到相应的6-羟基二苯并-16-冠-5(2a-b)。化合物2a-b分虽与丁二酰氯、壬二酰氯在无水苯中反应, 生成了两种新的酯型双冠醚化合物3a-b; 2a-b分别与1,3-二溴丙烷、1,4-二溴丁烷、1,5-二溴戊烷、1,8-二氯-3,6-二氧(杂)辛烷及1,11-二氯-3,6,9-三氧(杂)十一烷在无水二氧六环中反应, 得到了四种新的醚型双冠醚化合物4a-e。     

双冠醚化合物的合成研究 III. 一类新的双冠醚的合成

邻苯二酚、3,5-二叔丁基邻苯二酚分别与1,5-二氯-3-氧(杂)戊烷在碱性条件下反应, 合成了开链冠醚化合物(1a-b)。1a-b与环氧氯丙烷在氢氧化钠正丁醇中缩合, 得到相应的6-羟基二苯并-16-冠-5(2a-b)。化合物2a-b分虽与丁二酰氯、壬二酰氯在无水苯中反应, 生成了两种新的酯型双冠醚化合物3a-b; 2a-b分别与1,3-二溴丙烷、1,4-二溴丁烷、1,5-二溴戊烷、1,8-二氯-3,6-二氧(杂)辛烷及1,11-二氯-3,6,9-三氧(杂)十一烷在无水二氧六环中反应, 得到了四种新的醚型双冠醚化合物4a-e。     

合成SGLT2抑制剂埃格列净的新方法

以D-(+)-葡萄糖酸内酯为原料,经三甲硅基保护羟基后与5-溴-2-氯-4′-乙氧基二苯甲烷偶联制得(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-6-(羟甲基)-2-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-3,4,5-三醇（2）; 2经羟基保护、氧化和羟醛缩合等5步反应制得(3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三(苄氧基)-6-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-2-(羟甲基)-6-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-2-甲醛（7）; 7经还原、脱苄同时关环制得埃格列净(1S,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-1-(羟甲基)-6,8-二氧杂二环［3.2.1］辛烷-2,3,4-三醇,其结构经¹H NMR和LC-MS表征。     

1-氧代-1-磷杂-2, 6, 7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]-4-含硫取代基辛烷 的合成

本文利用中间体1-氧代-1-磷杂2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]-4-羟甲基辛烷(1)和1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]-4-氯甲酰基辛烷(3)分别与RSH或取代硫醇按步骤反应得到了相应的4-亚甲基硫醚(5a～f)、4-亚甲基亚砜(6a～f)、4-(氯代乙硫基)甲酰基(7)及4-(β-烷硫基)-α-硫代酯基(8a～i)的双环笼状磷酸酯新衍生物共22个。所有的化合物经元素分析、IR和^1HNMR得到了证实。     

新型苯并吡喃黄酮的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

2,2-二甲基-8-乙酰基-7-羟基-5-甲氧基色满分别与对甲基苯甲酰氯,间氯苯甲酰氯和间三氟甲基苯甲酰氯经Baker-Venkataraman重排和关环反应合成了3个新型的苯并吡喃黄酮(3a~3c);1-(2″,4″-二甲氧基苯基)-3-(2',2'-二甲基-7'-羟基-5'-甲氧基色满-8')-1,3-二酮(4)分别与烯丙基溴,异戊烯基溴和碘甲烷经取代和关环反应合成了3个新型的3-烃基苯并吡喃黄酮(6a~6c)。3和6的结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征。采用MTT法和SRB法研究了3和6体外对人白血病细胞(K562)和人肺癌细胞(K549)的抗肿瘤活性。结果表明:2',4'-二甲氧基-2″,2″-二甲基-3″,4″-2H二氢吡喃-3-甲基-5″,6″:5,6-黄酮(6c)显示了较好的抗肿瘤活性。     

3-甲基-3-氧杂丁环甲醇的阳离子型开环聚合

三元和四元环醚具有较大的环张力而易于聚合．Ｖａｎｄｅｎｂｅｒｇ等［１］曾经以（ｉ－Ｂｕ３）Ａｌ／Ｈ２Ｏ为引发剂,使３－甲基－３－（三甲基硅氧甲基）氧杂丁环进行开环聚合反应,合成的聚合物水解后得到线形的聚甲基羟甲基醚．本文以ＢＦ３·ＯＥｔ２为引发剂,对３－甲基－３－氧杂丁环甲醇进行直接引发,实现了开环聚合反应,得到基本线形或轻度支化的聚醚多元醇．１　实验部分１．１　聚合物的合成　聚合装置同文献［１］．所用试剂按文献［１］方法处理．向烧瓶中加入２０ｍＬ的二氯乙烷和０．１ｍｏｌ３－甲基－３－氧杂丁环甲…     

新型阳离子光固化活性单体3,3′-[1,4-丁基双(氧基亚甲基)]-双-(3-乙基)氧杂环丁烷的合成

以3-乙基-3-羟甲基氧杂环丁烷(OXT101)和1,4-二溴丁烷为原料,四正丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,在碱性条件下合成了一种新型阳离子光固化活性单体3,3′-[1,4-丁基双(氧基亚甲基)]-双-(3-乙基)氧杂环丁烷。研究表明,其合成最佳工艺条件为:当1,4-二溴丁烷用量为0.2mol时,1,4-二溴丁烷与3-乙基-3-羟甲基氧杂环丁烷摩尔比为1∶2.5,四正丁基溴化铵2g,KOH提供碱环境,用量为1.0mol,0℃下反应时间24h。在此条件下,产率达49.3%。同时,对合成的活性单体的固化机理及其稀释性能进行了研究,结果表明新型活性单体的固化机理为阳离子开环聚合,稀释性能可与目前市场上常用的阳离子活性单体媲美,具有一定的工业实用价值。     

Synthesis and copolymerization of azidomethyl-substituted oxetanes: the morphology of statistical block copolymers

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - 3,3-Bis(azidomethyl)oxetane and 3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxetane were obtained by bromination of pentaerythritol and metriol with a mixture of hydrobromic,...     

Phase equilibrium and interdiffusion in the oligo(3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane)-oligo(3-methyl-3-azidomethyloxetane) system

Intersolubility and interdiffusion in the oligo(3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane)-oligo(3-methyl-3-azidomethyloxetane) binary system are studied. The components of the system differ in symmetric and non-symmetric positions of azide groups along the polymer chain, respectively. The chemical and conformational features ensure the ability of oligo(3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane) to crystallize at temperatures of ∼50°C. The system of azidooxetane oligomers is characterized by a simple crystalline equilibrium crystal-melt. The generalized phase diagram of the binary system is constructed. The interdiffusion zones of oligomers are analyzed in detail in a wide temperature range, and a number of specific effects manifesting themselves during their intersolubility are observed. The concentration and temperature dependences of diffusion coefficients are examined, and the activation energies of diffusion are calculated.     

Synthesis of azidourethane block copolymers

Methods of structuring thermoreversible urethane block copolymers on the basis 3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)oxetane (BAMO) and 3-(azidomethyl)-3-methyloxetane (AMMO) were developed for the first time. Type (AB)_n copolymers of BAMO and AMMO have an amorphous crystalline structure but differ from the type B(AB)_n copolymers in that they contain less crystal phase and have a higher glass transition temperature and better physicomechanical properties.     

3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷与3-硝酸甲酯基-3-甲基环氧丁烷共聚醚的合成及性能研究

新一代高能固体推进剂粘合剂除自身必须具有能量外，同时还要求具备与硝酸酯的混溶能力要强（Ｐｌ／Ｐｏ＞２），玻璃化温度要低（Ｔｇ＜－５４℃）等特点．本文作者曾将叠氮基引入聚合物侧链而赋予其能量特征［１］，观察到３，３ 双（叠氮甲基）环氧丁烷（ＢＡＭＯ）与...     

3,3—双（叠氮甲基）环氧丁烷与3—硝酸甲酯基—3—甲基环氧丁烷共聚醚的合 …

新一代高能固体推进剂粘合剂除自身必须具有能量外，同时还要求具备与硝酸酯的混溶能力要强（Ｐｌ／Ｐｏ＞２），玻璃化温度要低（Ｔｇ＜－５４℃）等特点．本文作者曾将叠氮基引入聚合物侧链而赋予其能量特征［１］，观察到３，３双（叠氮甲基）环氧丁烷（ＢＡＭＯ）与...     

Spiro(benzoxasilole) catalyzed polymerization of oxetane derivatives

A spiro(benzoxasilole) catalyst, 3,3,3′,3′-tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-(3H,3H′)-spirobis(1,2-benzoxasilole) was used to polymerize 3,3-R,R′-oxetanes: BEMO (R, R′ = ethoxymethyl), AMMO (R = azidomethyl, R′ = methyl), NMMO (R = nitratomethyl, R′ = methyl), BAMO (R, R′ = azidomethyl), and BCMO (R, R′ = chloromethyl) with descending rates in this order. ³¹P-NMR of polymerization mixtures quenched using Bu₃P are consistent with an oxonium ion propagating species. Water is not a cocatalyst because it increases the induction period which is not eliminated by the proton trap 2,6-di-t-bu-tylpyridine. The propagating chains were terminated by transfer with the ether oxygen of the polymer either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. The index of propagation to chain transfer, Kk_ik_p/k_tr, varies over more than three orders of magnitude for BEMO > AMMO > NMMO > BAMO. However, k_p/k_tr for the four monomers differ by less than a factor of five indicating the same factors are affecting propagation and chain transfer. Addition of benzyl alcohol and propandiol produced poly(BEMO) having one and two hydroxyl termini, respectively. These telechelic polymers can be used to synthesize linear triblock or multiblock copolymers of oxetane derivatives. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Synthesis of azidooxetane statistical polymers and copolymers

Statistical polymers and copolymers were firstly synthesized by polymerization of 3,3-bis(azidomethyl) oxetane (BAMO) and 3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxetane (AMMO) in a triisobutylaluminum–water catalytic system, and their physicochemical, physicomechanical, and themochemical properties were studied. It was found that with increasing fraction of poly-AMMO in the BAMO/AMMO copolymers the strength properties of the copolymers enhance and the degree of crystallinity decreases.     

The sila-explosives Si(CH2N3)4 and Si(CH2ONO2)4: silicon analogues of the common explosives pentaerythrityl tetraazide, C(CH2N3)4, and Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, C(CH2ONO2)4

The reaction of tetrakis(chloromethyl)silane, Si(CH2Cl)4, with sodium azide afforded tetrakis(azidomethyl)silane (sila-pentaerythrityl tetraazide, Si(CH2N3)4 (1b)). Nitration of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)silane, Si(CH2OH)4, with nitric acid resulted in the formation of tetrakis(nitratomethyl)silane (sila-pentaerythritol tetranitrate, Si(CH2ONO2)4 (2b)). Compounds 1b and 2b are extremely shock-sensitive materials and very difficult to handle. Spectroscopic data were obtained as good as sensitivity and safety allowed for umambiguous identification. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT) of the C/Si pairs C(CH2OH)4/Si(CH2OH)4, 1a/1b, and 2a/2b regarding the structures and electronic populations were performed.     

Reduction of 5-(bromomethyl)-1-pyrrolinium bromides to 2-(bromomethyl)pyrrolidines and their transformation into piperidin-3-ones through an unprecedented ring expansion-oxidation protocol

3,3-Dialkyl-5-(bromomethyl)-1-pyrrolinium bromides, prepared via bromocyclization of N-(2,2-dialkyl-4-pentenylidene)amines by means of bromine in dichloromethane, were reduced to 4,4-dialkyl-2-(bromomethyl)pyrrolidines for the first time using borane dimethyl sulfide in dichloromethane. Furthermore, the latter 2-(bromomethyl)pyrrolidines were transformed into the corresponding piperidin-3-ones through an unprecedented ring expansion-oxidation protocol in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of potassium carbonate. Reduction of 5,5-dialkylpiperidin-3-ones by means of sodium borohydride in methanol afforded 5,5-dialkyl-3-hydroxypiperidines in good yields.     

Synthesis of alkyl 2-(bromomethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylates and alkyl 3-bromoazetidine-3-carboxylates as amino acid building blocks

A short synthesis of alkyl 2-(bromomethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylates and alkyl 3-bromoazetidine-3-carboxylates was developed involving amination, bromination, and base-induced cyclization of alkyl 2-(bromomethyl)acrylates. These new small ring azaheterocyclic α- and β-amino acid derivatives are promising synthons as demonstrated by their transformation to 2-(aminomethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylates and 3-aminoazetidine-3-carboxylates.