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采用一修正的十四面体结构模型(Kelvin结构模型)对开孔泡沫金属的弹性性能进行研究,对低密度开孔泡沫材料表现出不可压的特性进行了分析。该模型考虑作用在泡沫筋条上的弯矩、剪力和轴向力,以及轴向力的平衡。修正模型的数值计算结果与实验结果及其他模型的结果进行了对比,结果表明修正模型计算的杨氏模量比原有模型的略有提高,筋条截面为星形的修正模型计算的结果与实验比较符合。在密度等同的条件下,筋条截面惯性矩越大的开孔泡沫材料,其弹性模量也越大,而泊松比则越小。Kelvin结构的开孔泡沫材料的泊松比随相对密度的减小而趋于0.5。 相似文献
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利用平台巴西圆盘加载方式和钢质压条加载方式,对两种厚度为25mm和50mm、不同密度的轻质泡沫混凝土(400~1000kg/m3)进行巴西圆盘劈裂试验,研究密度和厚度对泡沫混凝土裂纹宽度、劈裂强度、断裂韧度、断裂能的影响规律。结果表明,在橡胶垫平台巴西圆盘和钢质压条加载方式下,其劈裂断裂特征大致分为四个阶段:线性弹性段、非线性弹性段、起裂阶段、失稳阶段。同样加载率下最大裂纹宽度随着泡沫混凝土密度增加逐渐减小,劈裂拉伸强度、断裂韧度、断裂能呈幂函数形式增加。借鉴Reinhardt非线性软化曲线,对不同密度泡沫混凝土的应力软化关系进行曲线拟合,建立基于拉伸强度、断裂韧度等控制参数的应力-裂纹宽度关系三段式模型。基于试验结果,对理想多孔材料细观力学预测模型进行修正,获得泡沫混凝土孔隙率与拉伸强度的半经验公式。 相似文献
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A new constitutive model for metallic foams is developed to overcome the deficiency of existing models in commercial finite element codes. The proposed constitutive model accounts for volume changes under hydrostatic compression and combines the hydrostatic pressure and von Mises stress into one yield function. The change of the compressibility of the metallic foam is handled in the constitutive model by allowing for shape changes of the yield surface in the hydrostatic pressure-von Mises stress space. The backward Euler method is adopted to integrate the constitutive equations to achieve numerical accuracy and stability. The model is implemented into LS-DYNA as a user-defined subroutine, verified with existing solutions, and validated with foam testing data. The verified and validated model is then utilized in the crushing simulations of foam-filled columns with square and hexagonal cross-sections. Two constitutive models are studied: the first using an exponential function to describe the relationship of plastic Poisson's ratio with respect to true strain and the second using linear interpolation function as an alternative approximation. The new foam model provides satisfactory prediction of crushing forces and deformed shapes compared to experimental results. Additionally, the new foam model was shown to have better numerical stability and accuracy than existing LS-DYNA built-in material models. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2004,41(5-6):1645-1675
The behavior of empty and foam-filled square thin-walled aluminum columns in alloy AA6060 subjected to quasi-static oblique loading was examined. Previous studies have shown that by introducing a load angle, the energy absorption decreases drastically compared to axial loading. One of the main objectives of the present investigation was to study the effect of introducing aluminum foam filler on the energy absorption. The square columns were clamped at one end and oblique load conditions were realized at the other end by applying a force with different angles to the centerline of the column. An experimental program was carried out where the main parameters were load angle, foam density and heat treatment of the extrusion material. Additionally, numerical analyses of the experiments were performed, mainly to verify a numerical model of the obliquely loaded foam-filled columns. The foam was modeled with the foam model of Deshpande and Fleck, together with a simple fracture criterion, which previously has been implemented as a user subroutine in LS-DYNA. The study shows that high-density aluminum foam filler increases the energy absorption considerably, but the specific energy absorption is lowered compared to the empty cross sections. Furthermore, the numerical analyses were able to predict the experimental results with reasonable accuracy. 相似文献
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泡沫铝-复合泡沫互穿相复合材料是一种新型的结构功能一体化材料,在机械、交通、建筑等领域具有重要的应用前景。本文制备了纯泡沫铝及空心玻璃微珠四种体积分数的泡沫铝-复合泡沫试件,通过摆锤冲击实验研究了其冲击韧度,讨论了其断口形貌与结构性能的关系,通过单轴压缩的应力松弛实验研究其黏弹性性能。研究表明:空心玻璃微珠体积分数为10%的泡沫铝-复合泡沫试件的冲击韧度最大,随后其冲击韧度随空心玻璃微珠体积分数的增加而减小;当空心玻璃微珠体积分数较小时,泡沫铝的结构形貌决定了冲击断口的形貌,但当其体积分数达到30%时,空心玻璃微珠的破坏是形成断口形貌的主要原因;复合材料的黏弹性性能随着玻璃微珠体积分数的增加而增大。 相似文献
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聚氨酯泡沫塑料压缩杨氏模量的理论预测 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过微分法导出了泡沫塑料剪切模量和体积模量所满足的微分方程组,再利用联系泡沫塑料泊松比和孔隙比的Kerner-Rusch经验关系及泡沫塑料弹性常数间满足足的关系,在基体材料不可压缩的假设下,确定了泡沫塑料的杨氏模量。本文针对几种密度的泡沫塑料,分别对它们的杨氏模量进行了理论预测和实验测定,结果表明:理论预测的模量在较高密度下与实验符合的很好,在低密度下也给出相当好的近似值。此外,本文的结果同其他理 相似文献
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基于三相球模型确定泡沫塑料有效模量 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过复合材料三相球模型确定泡沫塑料的体积模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量和泊松比等材料等参数与材料孔隙比的关系,并将该文结果同微分法得到的结果进行了对比;结果表明:三相球模型确定的材料参数在相同孔隙比情况下,一般都高于微分法确定的结果,两种方法得到的有效剪切模量和杨氏模量差异较小,而体积模量和泊松比则差异较大,然而,由三相球模型确定的泡沫塑料杨氏模量仍可与实验较好地符合。此外,该文结果也同现有的理论及实验 相似文献
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DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE MODULI FOR FOAM PLASTICS BASED ON THREE PHASE SPHEROIDAL MODEL 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lu Zixing 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》1995,8(4):294-302
The relations of bulk modulus,shear modulus,Young's modulus and the Poisson's ra-tio with porosity of foam plastics are determined by a three phase spheroidal model commonly used inComposite Mechanics.The results are compared with those using differential scheme.It is shownthat the material properties derived from the present model normally are larger than those obtained bydifferential scheme for foam plastics with identical porosity.The differences in shear moduli andYoung's moduli obtained by the two methods are small,but they are larger for bulk moduli of incom-pressible matrix and Poisson's ratios.The Young's moduli of high density foam plastics derived by thepresent model agree better with experimental ones. 相似文献
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泡沫铝合金填充圆管三点弯曲实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用实验方法研究了三种不同管壁厚度、两种跨径的泡沫铝合金填充圆管的三点弯曲力学性能,得到了泡沫铝合金填充管结构承载过程中的三种变形模式,即压入、压入弯曲和管壁下缘拉裂破坏。给出了空管和泡沫铝合金填充管的载荷位移曲线,并进行了比较。实验发现泡沫铝合金填充管结构的承载能力随泡沫铝合金密度的增大而增大,但破坏应变则随之减小。结构承载力的相对提高量随着管壁厚度的减小和跨径的增大而增大。此外,分析了泡沫铝合金提高填充管结构承载能力的机理。泡沫铝合金填充使管壁压入量和管截面抗弯刚度的损失显著减小,从而提高了结构的抗弯能力。 相似文献
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为研究多孔吸能材料泡沫铝板对工程结构的抗爆防护作用,开展室外爆炸破坏实验,分别对设置不同泡沫铝防护层的钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete,RC)板在爆炸荷载下的动态响应及破坏模式进行了研究,并运用LS-DYNA软件建立了有限元模型。通过与实验对照,验证了模型的可行性,对比分析了有、无泡沫铝防护层钢筋混凝土板的损伤破坏规律,并讨论了泡沫铝密度梯度分布和纵筋配筋率的影响。结果表明:有限元模型能够有效分析含泡沫铝防护层RC板的动态响应及其破坏形态;泡沫铝防护层能够有效减小钢筋混凝土板的挠度变形,降低试件的破坏程度;泡沫铝密度由下到上递增情况对RC板的减爆效果最好;增大配筋率可以提升泡沫铝防护RC板整体抗爆性能。 相似文献
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将面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁的弯曲问题按平面应力问题研究,采用弹性理论建立了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲变形的微分方程,利用奇异函数把作用在梁上的外载荷表示为分布载荷,推导出了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲变形时的挠曲线表达式.采用该方法对面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲挠度进行计算,将求得的计算结果与有限元法结果及实验数据进行对比,发现该方法求得的梁中点挠度更接近实验值,这说明该方法可靠的.该方法给出了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲时的挠度计算通式,而且梁中点挠度计算公式的表达形式也较为简便,可方便工程设计人员在工程实际中推广应用. 相似文献
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One-dimensional interaction between a planar shock wave and a rubber or low-porosity foam is investigated experimentally and
numerically. The considered polyurethane foam is of high density (ρ
c=290 kg/m3) and lowporosity (ϕ=0.76), and this corresponds to an intermediate condition between rubber and high-porosity foam. Stress-strain
relations for the low-porosity foam are investigated by machine tests, which show larger deformation against compressive force
and higher non-linearity in stress-strain curve as compared with rubber. Also the low-porosity foam shows a hysteresis cycle.
Experiments on shock wave-foam interactions are conducted by using a shock tube. Experimental time history of the surface
stress of the foam at the end of the shock tube does not show shock type stress increase, but continuous excessive stress
rise can be seen, and then dumping vibration approaching to gas dynamic pressure of the reflected shock wave is followed,
and the highest stress amounts about 3∼4 times of the pressure after the reflected gas dynamic shock wave. Interactive motions
of gas and the low-porosity foam are analyzed using the Lagrangean coordinates system. An elastic model for a low-porosity
foam is assumed to be a single elastic material with the measured stress-strain relation. Results of numerical simulations
are compared with the shock tube experiments, which show essentially same stress variations with experimental results. 相似文献
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Flow Laws in Metal Foams: Compressibility and Pore Size Effects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of our experimental work was to establish a simple relation between the flow parameters and the morphological parameters
of metallic foam. We used foam samples made from different metals or alloys (Cu, Ni, Ni-Cr, etc) and of various thicknesses.
Pore size ranged between 500 and 5000 μm. We measured the pressure profiles in foam samples using a specific experimental
set-up of 12 pressure sensors distributed 1 cm apart along the main flow axis. The experimental loop made it possible to use
indifferently water or air as working fluid. For the study of the gas (air) flow, velocities ranged roughly from 0 up to 20 m/s
and for the liquid (water) flow, velocities ranged between 0 and 0.1 m/s. The measurements of the pressure gradients were
performed systematically. We validated the Forchheimer flow model. The influence of the compressibility effects on permeability
and inertia coefficient was emphasized. We demonstrated that the pore size Dp in itself is sufficient to describe flow laws
in such high porosity material: K and β are respectively proportional to Dp2 and Dp−1. 相似文献
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聚氨酯泡沫塑料在应力波加载下的压缩力学性能研究 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
通过SHPB冲击实验装置研究了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在应力波加载下的动态力学性能,得到了泡沫塑料在较高应变率下的应力-应变曲线;确定了泡沫塑料的动态屈服强度和动态弹性模量等力学参数,并同落锤冲击实验及准静态压缩实验的结果进行了比较。 相似文献
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泡沫铝填充薄壁方形铝管的静态弯曲崩毁行为 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
研究了泡沫铝填充的方形铝管的准静态三点弯曲行为,实验表明:泡沫铝填充有效地改变了铝管的局部崩毁变形模式;界面粘接提高了填充结构的抗弯刚度,但使结构易在较小转角下发生破坏,最后,基于实验提出了一个分析填充结构弯曲崩塌行为的理论方法,在小转角下给出了与实验相当吻合的结果。 相似文献