催化荧光法测定痕量草酸

在硫酸介质中 ,草酸能催化重铬酸钾氧化罗丹明B褪色 ,使体系荧光猝灭 ,建立了催化荧光法测定草酸的新方法。催化反应在 50℃水浴中进行 1 0min ,为假零级反应。测定草酸的线性范围为 0 4～ 1 2 0mg·L- 1 ,其回归方程为ΔF =8 42c(mg·L- 1 ) 3 81 ,r=0 9983 ,检出限为 0 1 6mg·L- 1 。试验了 30种共存物质的干扰情况。此法用于生物样品中草酸含量的测定 ,结果满意。     

吖啶橙-PAR-钒(V)能量转移荧光猝灭法的研究及分析应用

在pH 5.5的Na2HPO4柠檬酸缓冲溶液中,吖啶橙(A0)与PAR-钒(V)络合物之间发生有效的能量转移,使吖啶橙526 nm处的荧光猝灭,据此建立了能量转移荧光测定痕量钒的新方法.实验表明,在pH5.5的3.0×10-5mol·L-2AO-4.0 mg·L-1PAR体系中,钒的含量c在0.12～0.5μg穖l-1范围内与荧光猝灭强度△F呈良好线性关系,线性回归方程为△F=165.4c+2.5,方法检出限为0.004 5.μg穖L-1,相对标准偏差为0.6%.该荧光猝灭反应15 min内完全,其相对荧光强度在2.5 h内基本保持不变.用该方法测定生物样品中钒的含量,相对误差小于5%,结果满足痕量分析要求.     

壳聚糖包覆的CdTe量子点荧光猝灭法测定吉米沙星

以壳聚糖包覆的CdTe量子点为荧光探针,基于荧光猝灭法建立了吉米沙星定量测定方法。结果表明,体系的荧光强度与吉米沙星浓度在3.46×10-9～3.46×10-7 g.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 2),线性回归方程为F0/F=1.063 7+0.016 7c(g.L-1)。对2.77×10-7 g.L-1吉米沙星溶液进行7次平行测定的相对标准偏差为2.7%,基于荧光猝灭法相关理论证明了该相互作用过程为静态猝灭。本方法灵敏度高,检测线性范围宽,为吉米沙星定量测定提供了简便可靠的方法。     

荧光猝灭法测定壳聚糖凝胶膜中壳聚糖的含量

壳聚糖(CTS)在PBS缓冲溶液中对异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)具有明显的荧光猝灭作用,且发现荧光猝灭程度与壳聚糖的量在一定范围内呈线性关系,吐温-20(T20)对此反应有明显的增敏效果,据此建立了通过荧光猝灭测定壳聚糖含量的方法.实验结果表明:在pH6.4的PBS缓冲溶液及T20含量为0.00200％的体系中,壳聚糖浓度在0.0400-1.00mg/L范围内的回归方程为:△F=13603C-4.5948,r=0.9992.对0.0400mg/L的壳聚糖平行测定9次,检出限为0.0350mg/L,RSD为2.70％.本方法具有简便易行、干扰小的特点,可用于壳聚糖医用制剂的含量检测和相关研究.     

基于NaGdF_4∶Eu纳米粒子的荧光猝灭测定痕量Cu~(2+)

采用水热法合成了柠檬酸盐修饰的水溶性NaGdF4:Eu荧光纳米粒子,粒子溶液荧光强度稳定.实验发现,Cu2+外对合成粒子的荧光有猝灭作用,据此可建立用NaGdF4:Eu荧光探针测定痕量Cu2+的新方法.实验确定NaGdF4:Eu的浓度为1.0×10-3 mol·L-1,溶液的pH值为10.0.考察了其他常见离子对粒子荧光性能的影响,其中Fe3+使荧光发生猝灭,用三乙醇胺可消除Fe3+的干扰.标准曲线的线性回归方程为I=532-0.685c,相关系数r为-0.998 4,线性范围为3.33×10-6～1.33×10-4 mol·L-1,检出限为8.9×10-7 mol·L-1,对浓度为6.0×10-5 mol·L-1的Cu2+溶液平行测定11次,RSD为0.62%.以上结果表明,方法的线性范围较宽,灵敏度和精密度较高.测定了茶叶样品中铜含量,测定结果和原子吸收法测定结果相一致.分析Cu2+对粒子荧光猝灭的机理认为,Cu2+和粒子表面的柠檬酸根发生化学结合,改变了粒子表面的结构和组成,导致其荧光发生猝灭.     

吖啶橙-罗丹明B荧光共振能量转移猝灭法测定砷

研究了利用吖啶橙(AO)-罗丹明B(RB)共振能量转移荧光猝灭法测定痕量砷的方法。在λ_ex/λ_em=470/580 nm,0.016 mol·L-1 H₂SO₄溶液中,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)存在下,吖啶橙-罗丹明B能够发生有效的能量转移,使罗丹明B的荧光强度大大增强;在酸性条件下,砷与钼酸铵生成砷钼杂多酸使能量转移体系罗丹明B的荧光猝灭。利用吖啶橙-罗丹明B能量转移荧光猝灭法测定痕量砷,砷在0.01～0.25 mg·L-1范围内与罗丹明B荧光猝灭程度呈良好的线形关系,方法检出限为2.56 μg·L-1。该方法用于茶叶中痕量砷的测定,相对标准偏差为0.48%～0.64%,回收率为98%～103%,结果满意。     

吖啶橙-PAR-钒(Ⅴ)能量转移荧光猝灭法的研究及分析应用

在pH 5.5的Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中,吖啶橙（AO）与PAR-钒（Ⅴ）络合物之间发生有效的能量转移,使吖啶橙526 nm处的荧光猝灭,据此建立了能量转移荧光测定痕量钒的新方法。实验表明,在pH5.5的3.0×10^-5mol.L^-1AO-4.0 mg.L^-1PAR体系中,钒的含量c在0.12-0.5μg.mL^-1范围内与荧光猝灭强度ΔF呈良好线性关系,线性回归方程为ΔF=165.4c＋2.5,方法检出限为0.0045μg.mL^-1,相对标准偏差为0.6%。该荧光猝灭反应15 min内完全,其相对荧光强度在2.5 h内基本保持不变。用该方法测定生物样品中钒的含量,相对误差小于5%,结果满足痕量分析要求。     

2,4-二氯苯酚与人血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

通过2,4-二氯苯酚与人血清白蛋白结合反应的光谱学特征,探讨2,4-二氯苯酚与人血清白蛋白的结合反应机制;应用荧光光谱法和吸收光谱法,根据荧光猝灭数据,由Stern-Volmer方程和采用lg[(F0-F)/F]对lg[Q]作图,进行一元线性回归处理求出2,4-DCP与HSA的猝灭常数(Kq)、结合常数(Ksv)和结合位点数(n)及反应热力学参数;荧光静态猝灭常数Kq=3.713×1013L·mol-1·s-1,结合常数为2.743×106L/mol、结合位点数为n=1;2,4-二氯苯酚对人血清白蛋白内源荧光的猝灭机制,主要是通过疏水作用力,形成了无荧光特征的复合物所引起的静态荧光猝灭。     

以金纳米簇为荧光探针快速测定蔬菜中的微量铜

研究了主要因素对Cu2+猝灭金纳米簇荧光的影响,确定了Cu2+的最佳分析条件.在最佳实验条件下,Cu2+在2.4-60.0μg/mL范围时,金纳米簇的荧光猝灭程度与Cu2+浓度呈线性关系,线性回归方程为:(F0-F)/F0=0.5151+0.004709C,线性相关系数为0.9992.蔬菜中常见离子对铜的测定无干扰.对13种蔬菜样品中微量铜进行了测定,5次测定值的相对标准偏差＜4％,加标回收率在94％-106％范围内.     

荧光猝灭法对头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定荷移反应研究

研究了头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定对荧光素的荧光猝灭反应及相互作用机理。因形成荷移络合物,头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定对荧光素的荧光强度有很强的猝灭作用。采用紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱结合量子化学计算分析了荷移反应过程,揭示了头孢菌素类药物的成键规律和反应机理。在此基础上建立了测定头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定含量的荧光光谱法。络合物的激发波长和发射波长分别为483, 517和519 nm,头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定浓度分别在0.3～13.5 mg·L-1和0.1～1.2 mg·L-1范围内为线性关系,相关系数分别是r=0.999 7和r=0.999 3。应用该方法测定了头孢羟氨苄和头孢拉定药物制剂含量, 回收率分别在99.63%～99.91%和99.71%～100.08%之间。测定结果与文献值基本吻合。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.